Republic of Kyrgyzstan. The Kyrgyz Republic is Russia or not
- (Kyrgyzstan) (former name Kyrgyzstan), state with Muslims. us., located in the Center. Asia, in the extreme Yu. V. byv. USSR, on the border with China. Became part of the Russian Empire in the 19th century, Autonomous Republic since 1924, the Kyrgyz Soviet ... ... The World History
KYRGYZSTAN- Republic in the northeast of Central Asia. The territory is 198.5 thousand sq. km, the population is 4422 thousand people (1990). It is a mountainous country with a continental climate. The main industries are mining, engineering, light, food. Home from … World sheep breeding
Kyrgyzstan- state in the East of Central Asia. Pl. 199.9 thousand km², 6 regions, capital - Bishkek; other large cities: Osh, Jalal-Abad, Tokmak, Karakol… Geographic Encyclopedia
Kyrgyzstan- State structure Legal system general characteristics Civil and related branches of law Criminal law and process Judicial system. Control bodies A state in the northeast of Central Asia. Territory 198.5 thousand sq. km. ... ... Legal systems of the countries of the world. Encyclopedic reference
KYRGYZSTAN- (Kyrgyz Republic) a sovereign, unitary, democratic republic, built on the principles of a legal, secular state in accordance with its Constitution, adopted at the 12th session of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan of the 12th convocation 5 ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of Constitutional Law
Kyrgyzstan- Official name of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan Capital Bishkek Population 4822 thousand people. Area 198500 sq. km Monetary unit som Internet domain.kg Head of State President Kurmanbek Bakiyev Head of Government Prime Minister Daniyar Usenov … Countries of the world
KYRGYZSTAN- REPUBLIC OF KYRGYZSTAN An independent state in Central Asia. In the north it borders with Kazakhstan, in the east with China, in the south with China and Tajikistan, in the west with Uzbekistan. The area of the country is 198500 km2. The population (as of 1998) is ... ... Cities and countries
Kyrgyzstan (airline)- IATA KGA ... Wikipedia
"KYRGYZSTAN MADANIATY"- ("Culture of Kyrgyzstan"), a literary and artistic weekly newspaper. Organ of the joint venture and the Ministry of Culture of the Kirghiz SSR. Published in Frunze since 1967 in the Kirghiz language ... Literary Encyclopedic Dictionary
Books
- Kyrgyzstan in the era of digital economy on the new silk road, Akaev A.A. What is the vision for a better future for Kyrgyzstan in the 2030s? What strategy is needed to achieve this future? Is it possible to form an information digital society in Kyrgyzstan,… Category: Contemporary politics Publisher: URSS, Manufacturer: URSS, Buy for 819 UAH (Ukraine only)
- Kyrgyzstan. Traditions and customs of the Kirghiz, V. Kadyrov, In this book, the veil over the origins of the folk traditions and customs of the Kirghiz, dating back to the depths of centuries, is ajar. The whole life of the Kirghiz - material, economic, social and cultural - was ... Category: Peoples of Asia, Africa, America, Australia Publisher:
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| Kyrgyzstan |
Description
Kyrgyzstan is a mountainous country in Central Asia. The country has preserved large territories, almost untouched by man. Its inhabitants still pass on the ancient traditions of nomads from generation to generation. The bulk of tourists to Kyrgyzstan are attracted by the rich flora and fauna, picturesque mountain lakes and rivers, mountain peaks covered with eternal snows and the unique flavor of Central Asia. The pearl of the country is the mountain lake Issyk-Kul. Of course, disorder and isolation from civilization can scare someone away, but without this, Kyrgyzstan will lose some of its attractiveness and mystery.
Kyrgyzstan or Kyrgyzstan is often called the Switzerland of Central Asia because of the unusually beautiful mountainous landscape of the Central Tien Shan. Most travelers find Kyrgyzstan to be the most attractive, accessible and friendly region of all the Central Asian republics.
Geography
The Kyrgyz Republic, a state in Central Asia. It borders with Kazakhstan in the north, China in the east and southeast, Tajikistan in the southwest and Uzbekistan in the west. Kyrgyzstan is a mountainous country. Most of Kyrgyzstan is part of the Tien Shan mountain system. The mountain ranges occupy about a quarter of the territory and extend in parallel chains mainly in the latitudinal direction. In the east, the main ranges of the Tien Shan converge in the region of the Meridional Range, creating a powerful mountain junction. And only the extreme southwest belongs to the Pamir-Alay. Between the ridges of Kyungoy-Ala-Too and Terskey-Ala-Too there is an intermountain depression.
Kyrgyzstan is one of the largest regions in which there is a system of modern mountain glaciers, their total area occupies 8100 km2 or 4.2% of the country's territory.
There are more than 3,000 lakes within Kyrgyzstan, including the picturesque Issyk-Kul Lake, one of the deepest in the world (maximum depth 668 m). Large rivers - Chu, Naryn and Talas - originate in the highlands.
Time
3 hours ahead of Moscow. There is no transition to winter and summer time.
Climate
Kyrgyzstan has a sharply continental climate, which is temperate in most of the territory, and subtropical in the Chui and Fergana valleys. The seasons are clearly defined. The length of the day in December is 9 hours, in June - 15 hours.
Due to the strong ruggedness of the relief on the territory of Kyrgyzstan, the climatic conditions are rather heterogeneous - in the highlands of the Tien Shan, the weather has all the signs of a subpolar climate, in the southwestern regions (Fergana Valley) - subtropical, and in the northern foothills the climate is almost temperate. A characteristic feature is the dryness of the air over the entire territory of the country, due to which there are an average of 247 sunny days a year.
Average January temperatures range from -2° to -8° C in the valleys and from -8° to -20° C in the mid-altitude mountains. In the highlands, the average January temperatures are approx. -28 ° С. In many regions of Kyrgyzstan, except for the highlands, there are often thaws in winter. Summers are hot and dry, with average July temperatures in the valleys of 20-27°C, in the middle mountains 15-17°C, and in the highlands 5°C and below.
The annual rainfall ranges from 180 mm in the east of the country to 600 mm in the southwestern regions. The maximum amount of precipitation falls at the beginning of summer and in the autumn-winter period. Moreover, by the middle of winter, the thickness of the snow cover on the western slopes of the mountains can reach up to 1 meter, and in the highlands, snow lies all year round.
Language
The Kyrgyz language (Kyrgyz Tili) is the state language of Kyrgyzstan, belongs to the Turkic languages (Kypchak group of languages). Writing based on the Russian alphabet.
The Kirghiz language is spoken in the Kirghiz SSR, as well as in the Uzbek SSR, the Tajik SSR, the Kazakh SSR (the number of speakers is over 1.4 million), in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the PRC, and Afghanistan.
Religion
The majority of the population of Kyrgyzstan professes Islam. Islam is represented by two schools (madhhabs) of the Sunni direction, united in one religious organization - the Spiritual Board of Muslims of Kyrgyzstan, headed by the mufti. There are more than 2,000 mosques, 20 madrasas, and Islamic institutions in the country. Under Osh state university theological faculty.
The second largest number of parishioners is the Orthodox Church. In Kyrgyzstan, 42 churches of the Russian Orthodox Church and an Orthodox school. Christmas, along with Muslim holidays, is declared a non-working day in Kyrgyzstan.
The total number of believers: Sunni Muslims - 46%, Orthodox - 18%.
Other confessions are also represented in the country - such as Buddhism, Judaism and others, but the number of their parishioners is very small.
Population
The population of Kyrgyzstan is about 5.2 million people. The core of the population of Kyrgyzstan is the Kyrgyz - a people belonging to the Turkic group. The Kyrgyz live throughout the country and predominate in most rural areas. In addition to them, a significant part of the population is made up of Tajiks, Uighurs, Dungans and others. Among them, only slightly more than 1% are Russians and representatives of Russian-speaking diasporas.
Most of the population is concentrated in the valleys - Chui on the border with Kazakhstan and Ferghana on the border with Uzbekistan, the valleys of the Naryn and Talas rivers, as well as in the Issyk-Kul basin.
Electricity
Emergency Phones
101 - Fire Department
102 - Police
103 - Ambulance
104 - Gas emergency service
Rescue Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations - 161
Bishkek city information office - 262-317
Bishkek telephone information - 109
Russian Embassy in Bishkek, st. Razzakova, 17 - 62-47-38
Connection
Cellular communication of the GSM 900/1800 standard is developing extremely rapidly throughout the country. Coverage is limited to the capital and other major cities, but the network is expanding rapidly. The largest operators are Bitel Ltd (MEGACOM, code 502) and AkTel (CDMA, code 543).
The telephone system of Kyrgyzstan is controlled by the state company KyrgyzTelecom (www.kt.kg), which offers a full range of communication services. Street pay phones work with two types of phone cards, which can be purchased at shops, tobacconists, post offices and post offices. In addition, cellular communications, IP-telephony and network services are actively developing in the country. Internet cafes can be found in major cities and resorts. In the mountains, only satellite communications are available.
To call Kyrgyzstan, you need to dial 8 - 10 - 996 - area code - phone number.
To call Russia, you need to dial 007 - area code - phone number.
Codes of some cities: Batken - 3622, Bishkek - 312, Jalal-Abad (Jalal-Abad) - 3722, Kant - 3132, Karakol (Przhevalsk) - 3922, Min-Kush - 3559, Naryn - 3522, Osh - 3222, Talas - 3422, Tash-Kumyr - 3745, Toktogul - 3747, Tyup - 3945, Uzgen - 3233, Chui-Tokmok - 3138.
Currency exchange
The national currency of Kyrgyzstan is the som (S, KGS). One sum is 100 tiyins. There are banknotes in circulation in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 soms, as well as 1, 10, and 50 tyin. Coins in the country are not in use.
Som is the only legal tender on the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic, although in practice US dollars and euros are accepted for payment or even required when paying for hotels or when organizing trekking and high-mountain ascents. The markets accept Russian rubles and currencies of neighboring Central Asian republics.
Banks in Kyrgyzstan are open from 9.00-9.30 to 17.00-17.30 from Monday to Friday, the day off is Saturday and Sunday.
Currency can be exchanged at bank offices, currency exchange offices (usually open around the clock) and in many shops. Not only US dollars and euros are accepted for exchange, but also British pounds sterling, Russian rubles, Kazakh tenge, Uzbek soums, Chinese yuan and other types of currencies. It is preferable to exchange currency in the capital - in the provinces the rate is slightly lower. When exchanging US dollars, it is recommended to have new banknotes on hand - the old rate is noticeably lower everywhere, even in government institutions.
Visa
For Russians, entry to Kyrgyzstan does not require a visa. At the same time, for citizens of Russia, entry into the territory of Kyrgyzstan is possible only upon presentation of a passport and registration with the internal affairs bodies at the place of stay. Registration is valid for 3 months.
Citizens of Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, as well as citizens of non-CIS countries, with the exception of Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Vietnam, Cuba, North Korea, Macedonia, Malaysia (stay up to 1 month), Mongolia (stay up to 3 months), Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey (stay up to 1 month), Croatia and the Czech Republic, a visa is required to visit the Kyrgyz Republic.
If necessary, a visa can be obtained at the consulate or embassy of the Kyrgyz Republic. Citizens of the EU countries, USA, Canada and Israel can obtain a visa on arrival at the Manas airport in Bishkek.
Kyrgyz visas are of various types, depending on the purpose and duration of the applicant's stay in Kyrgyzstan: short-stay visa (type C), transit visa (type A and B), national visa (type D).
The most common Kyrgyz visas are the first type, namely the "short-stay visa type C". Such visas are tourist, business and guest - depending on the purpose of the applicant's trip to Kyrgyzstan.
Customs regulations
As a guest of Kyrgyzstan, usually at the airport, you must complete customs declarations. You must keep one copy of the declaration with you and keep it for the entire duration of your stay in Kyrgyzstan.
There are no restrictions on the import and export of national and foreign currency (all money and jewelry in without fail declared). The declaration must be kept before leaving the country.
Duty-free import is allowed: 2 liters of alcoholic beverages (for persons under 21 years old), 200 cigarettes, motor gasoline, not counting fuel in the factory containers of these products, 20 liters for each motor vehicle moving under its own power; tyres, tires and tubes for tires for passenger cars - 2 pcs.; clothes made of genuine leather - 1 item (set); fur clothes - 1 item (set); carpets - 2 pcs.; headwear from natural fur- 1 item; crystal products - 3 items or 1 set (service); jewelry and other products made of precious metals, as well as products made of natural or cultured pearls - 2 items; audio and video equipment, televisions, refrigerators and other household appliances - 1 subject each; furniture - 1 set.
The import of drugs and strong medicines (without a prescription confirming the need for their use), weapons and ammunition, combustible and explosives, printed materials and video materials directed against the state system of Kyrgyzstan, as well as animals, fruits and vegetables without the appropriate permission of the Sanitary and country veterinary service.
It is forbidden to export certain foodstuffs, minerals and rocks without the permission of the relevant authorities, gold (declared) and precious stones.
Holidays and non-working days
Muslim holidays "Orozo Ait" and "Kurman Ait" are determined by lunar calendar and are non-working days.
Transport
Near the capital of Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek, is the international airport "Manas". Local planes fly from Bishkek to Osh (2 flights a day), to Batken (on Mondays, Wednesdays, Saturdays) and Jalal-Abad (on Tuesdays, Thursdays, Sundays). Local air tickets cost about 2000 soms each.
Due to the mountainous terrain, the development of rail transport is limited. The length of the railways is approx. 370 km. They are a continuation of the railways of neighboring states and in the north follow from Kazakhstan to Bishkek and further to Balykchy (formerly Rybachye) on the northwestern coast of Issyk-Kul, and from Uzbekistan to Osh and Jalal-Abad in the east of the Ferghana Valley. The main mode of transport is automobile. Road length - approx. 40 thousand km. The greatest density of their network is in the north, in the basin of Lake Issyk-Kul, and in the Ferghana Valley. Several strategically important roads have been laid in the Tien Shan mountains.
Fixed-route and private taxis remain the main way to travel around the country, their prices are moderate, usually the price is negotiated with the driver. You can ride them both in large cities and between cities. Often, this is the only way to get to the desired location.
Tips
Tips in Kyrgyzstan are included in the price of dishes, are strictly fixed (5-10 soms) or make up a certain percentage of the total order (usually 5-10%). But in general, here, in accordance with the Islamic canons of hospitality, tips are not accepted. In stores, prices are fixed and quite reasonable. It is possible and necessary to bargain in bazaars and markets, but it is quite difficult to bring down the price by more than 30%.
The shops
Shops are usually open from 08.00 to 17.00, some until 20.00, it is recommended to visit the markets in the morning, and the earlier the better. In most retail outlets in the country, prices are rigidly fixed, but it is customary to bargain in bazaars and private stores. Bazaars are the best place to experience local life. Here you can buy almost everything - from luxurious carpets and silks to fruits and spices, from traditional local crafts to clothes and shoes.
National cuisine
The cuisine of Kyrgyzstan, like any other Central Asian cuisine, is based on the wide use of meat, mainly lamb. Beshbarmak (finely chopped boiled meat of a young lamb, poured with broth and mixed with rectangular noodles boiled in this broth) and a thin oriental dish kulchetai (lamb boiled in large pieces, which are cut into wide thin slices, eat together) are prepared from it. with pieces of thinly rolled, boiled dough cut into squares), and the interpenetration of the cultures of Asian peoples replenished the culinary of Kyrgyzstan with shurpa and lagman.
Kyrgyz cuisine is related to Kazakh and has inherited many features of the common nomadic past of both peoples. Most dishes of Kyrgyz and Kazakh cuisine are completely identical to each other and are very similar or even the same in name. Characteristic features are the widest use of rice and spices, and boiled rather than fried meat is almost exclusively used, local chefs have special respect for horse meat (it used to be the most popular type of meat in the local diet), all kinds of dough dishes, sour-milk products and thick porridge-like soups, vegetables, especially radishes, turnips and legumes. Recently, horse meat has been replaced by beef and lamb, many borrowed recipes have appeared, but the Kyrgyz still prefer their ancient recipes.
Sausage made from horse meat with fat - chu-chuk is considered a delicacy.
Local cuisine in Kyrgyzstan is cheap and plentiful, European food is more expensive. The meal is usually served with cakes and tea in teapots, green or black. Tips in Kyrgyzstan are included in the price of dishes and are strictly fixed (5-10 soms) or make up a certain percentage of the total order (usually 5-10%). In the early days, you should be careful, because in traditional cuisine fatty and heavy food, unusual for Europeans, prevails.
A large place in the Kyrgyz national cuisine is occupied by flour products: biscuits such as brushwood (choimo tokoch), puff pastry (zhupka), which are put in hot milk and flavored with butter and cottage cheese, puff pastry in butter, sometimes with cream (kattama), fried in butter cakes, pancakes, etc. The favorite delicacy of the Kirghiz is also prepared from flour - boorsok - chopped pieces of rolled dough overcooked in oil. It should be noted that flour products consumed mainly with tea.
The majority of Kyrgyz people prefer green "brick" tea. It is often cooked with milk, salt, pepper and flour fried in butter ("kuurma-choy") or milk, butter, salt and sour cream are added to get "atkan-choy" and "shir-choy" (with ayran). In southern Kyrgyzstan, green tea is preferred, and in the north, around the capital, black tea of a completely European look is in high demand.
From alcoholic drinks, locals prefer "dzarma" and "bozo" - drinks similar to beer made from barley and millet. Beer, vodka and brandy, both local and imported, are readily available in restaurants and shops.
Attractions
Kyrgyzstan has a rich history dating back to ancient times. There are more than 5,000 archaeological and architectural monuments of historical significance on the territory of the republic.
The geographical position of Kyrgyzstan, its remoteness from the seas and proximity to the deserts of Central and Central Asia, the significant elevation of the territories above sea level and the strong dissection of the relief predetermined the exceptional diversity and diversity of natural complexes. These are mountain rivers, picturesque alpine lakes, a variety of grandiose waterfalls, the highest peaks and peaks, bizarre rocks, numerous gorges, passes, healing springs, mysteriously tempting caves.
The beautiful Chui Valley is famous for its mountain rivers and extremely diverse natural and territorial complexes.
In the vicinity of the capital there are such natural objects as the beautiful Chunkurchak Gorge in the upper reaches of the Alamedin River, the nearby Alamedin thermal water deposit, the Chon-Aryk State Botanical Reserve in the Besh-Kungey tract, the picturesque natural gorges of Kara-Balta, Aspara, Dzhilamish and Kegeti with its famous waterfall.
Nowhere else on the territory of Central Asia is there such a number of outlets of medicinal waters as in the Chui valley.
The sights of Kyrgyzstan are largely associated with civilizations that lived in this territory before the Kyrgyz. This is confirmed by the unique Buran settlement, where you can admire the thousand-year-old 20-meter tower, which was twice as high before the earthquake that damaged it. In addition to the tower, ruins of buildings and sections of the double fortress wall remained in the settlement. A number of reserves have been created, as well as the natural national park Ala-Archa.
Kyrgyzstan attracts tourists not only with the comfort of its hotels near Issyk-Kul and in cities, but also with its geographical location and financial availability.
Resorts
Ak-Suu The mineral water deposit is located in the gorge of the same name, 80 km. southwest of the village of Belovodskoye. Local mineral water belongs to carbonic low-mineralized, hydrocarbonate magnesium-calcium narzan, and in its own way chemical composition she is similar to mineral water famous Siberian resort Dara-Suna.
Lake Issyk-Kul incredibly beautiful. The Russian traveler P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky, who visited the lake, compared it with Lake Geneva in Switzerland, and preferred Issyk-Kul. Issyk-Kul has long been considered enchanted by the local population. Before appearing here in late XIX centuries of Russian settlers, almost no one swam or fished in it. The great transparency of the rivers flowing into the lake and the bright sun change the color of the Issyk-Kul water from pale blue to dark blue tones, depending on the place and time of day. There are about 20 picturesque bays and coves here. The swimming season lasts 6 months. The water temperature in summer reaches +24 C, in winter - +4 C. Crystal clear water, mineral springs, combined with mountain and at the same time mild, almost maritime climate, create unique conditions for a spa holiday with mud and thermal treatment.
Ski base "Karakol"(2300 m) is located in the gorge, 7 km from the city of Karakol. The season is from the end of October to the end of April. At the base there are 7 lifts, ski and snowboard rental, services of instructors and guides through the winter forest. You can ride snowmobiles. The base is regularly used by the sports school for training.
Ski center "Kashka-Suu" located in a wide tract on the northern slopes of the Kirghiz Range. To Bishkek - 35 km. Altitude above sea level - 2000 m. 6 slopes with a height difference from 260 to 380 m, chairlift and towing cable cars. On the territory: a skating rink, a billiard room, a sauna, a bar and a cafe. There is equipment rental, instructor services are provided. The tracks are processed by snow groomers, but there are quite a lot of small stones on the slopes, which can create difficulties when skiing on snow that is not fresh.
Karakol, lying at the eastern end of the lake, is the main city in the region and the best "base" for exploring the lakeside, Terskey-Alatau and the central Tien Shan. This is a relatively small city, famous for its apple orchards and Sunday market - one of the best in Central Asia. In Karakol, it is better to rent accommodation from local residents (at the bus station you will be offered a wide variety of options for a small price) than in an official hotel. This will allow you to "directly" get acquainted with the life of the city and the life of local residents, and will also remove many everyday issues, since the area of Lake Issyk-Kul has long been closed to foreigners, and many issues related to staying here are still regulated enough. not clear.
Although Bishkek is the capital of Kyrgyzstan, it can be considered a resort. Moreover, both skiing (Chontash station) and balneological (thermal springs).
Due to the fact that about 93% of the territory of Kyrgyzstan is occupied by mountains, there are excellent conditions for skiing. Snow lies from November to March, and in the highlands it is year-round. The weather in the region of most mountain resorts is usually mild, with large quantity sunny days, so the ski season lasts from late October - December to early April, and skiing on the ice fields is possible all year round.
Tourist center "Oruu-Sai"(2100 m) is located in the tract of the same name, 35 km from Bishkek. Trails of different difficulty levels are served by three cable cars. There is a rental of equipment, instructors work, skiing competitions for different age groups are held. A comfortable hotel with a sauna, a bar, a restaurant, and table tennis has been built in the tourist center.
It often happens that in Russia one official name of the state (country) or republic is adopted, and in the national language the official name of the same state (country, republic) sounds completely different. Many such examples with double names of republics (countries, states) can be found on Wikipedia. For example, you can type in any Internet search engine the phrase "Wikipedia Kyrgyzstan".
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During Soviet times, this country was officially included in the list of member states of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. In Russia, this state was officially called the "Kyrgyz Republic", however, the inhabitants of the country believe that the correct name of their native state is not the Kyrgyz, but the Kyrgyz Republic. What is the option official name state is considered correct? Accepted in Russia or adopted in Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan)?
What is the correct name for the Republic of Kyrgyzstan?
In fact, both versions of the official name of the state “Kyrgyz Republic” have the right to exist, despite the fact that one of them (“Kyrgyzstan”) is adopted exclusively in Russia, and the second version (“Kyrgyzstan”) is distributed exclusively among the indigenous inhabitants of the state . This is due to the following reasons:
- Language differences between Russia and the Kyrgyz Republic;
- established historical tradition;
- With the fact that the sound "y" in Russia is found in words much less frequently than in Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan);
- With the desire of the local residents of the country of Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) for their cultural and ethnic identity and independence from Russia.
Residents of Russia are much more accustomed to calling this country “Kyrgyzstan”, since the words “Kyrgyzstan”, “Kyrgyz” sound somewhat unusual for the Russian ear. In contrast, speakers of the Kyrgyz (Kyrgyz) language recognize only one variant of the name of their country. This option sounds like "Kyrgyz Republic" or "Kyrgyzstan". So there is simply no consensus on this matter., it cannot be, this is quite understandable. In Russia they say "Kyrgyz", and in Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) they say "Kyrgyz", "Kyrgyzstan". But “Kyrgyzstan” and “Kyrgyzstan” are one and the same country.
Linguistic explanation of different names for the same country
Are Kyrgyzstan and Kyrgyzstan two different countries? No. In fact, the “Kyrgyz Republic” and the “Kyrgyz Republic” are one and the same. How to say correctly, "Kyrgyz" or "Kyrgyz" - it all depends on what language the person speaks. In Russia, in Russian, this country is called the "Kyrgyz Republic" or "Kyrgyzstan", in Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz Republic), in Kyrgyz, it is called the "Kyrgyz Republic" or "Kyrgyzstan".
Linguists explain this phenomenon as follows:
What is the name of Kyrgyzstan in other languages
In this way, in Russia it is traditional to say and write "Kyrgyzstan", "Kyrgyz", "Kyrgyzstan", "Kyrgyz" and "Kyrgyz". On the contrary, in the Turkic languages it is customary to say and write “Kyrgyzstan”, “Kyrgyz”, “Kyrgyz”, “Kyrgyz”.
What is the name of Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) in other languages of the world:
Native speakers of the Kyrgyz language: a brief background
In Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) at the moment there are about a little more than five million people. Basically, these are speakers of the Kyrgyz (Kyrgyz) language - the Kyrgyz, one of the largest nationalities of the Turkic language group. Native speakers live throughout the country, especially many Kyrgyz (Kyrgyz) live in rural areas, while in cities there are much more representatives of other nationalities.
Also on the territory of Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) there are many Tajiks, Uighurs and representatives of the Dungan people. Russian population and native speakers of the Russian language belonging to other nationalities, is only one percent of the total population of the state. Most of the country's inhabitants live in the valleys. These are the Chui Valley, which borders the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the Fergana Valley, which borders the Republic of Uzbekistan. Also, a high population density is observed in the valleys of the Naryn and Talas rivers. Another densely populated region of the country is the hollow
The main sights of Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) has a unique history which goes back to antiquity. The country has more than five thousand archaeological and architectural sites that have played an important role in the history of the state.
The location of Kyrgyzstan, the lack of proximity to the sea and the proximity to the desert regions of Central and Central Asia, the significant elevation of the land above sea level and the significant bifurcation of the relief have become the reason for the exceptional originality and originality of natural landscapes. The country has turbulent mountain rivers, beautiful lakes that are high in the mountains, numerous picturesque and powerful waterfalls, high mountain peaks and ridges, fantastic cliffs, various mountain gorges, passes, healing water fountains, mysterious caves.
The picturesque Chui Valley is famous for its turbulent mountain rivers and unusually diverse natural and territorial complexes.
Not far from the capital there are natural attractions, such as the very picturesque mountain gorge Chunkurchak at the upper mouth of the Alamedin River, the nearby Alamedinskoye hot springs deposit, the Chon-Aryk State Botanical Reserve in the Besh-Kungei lands, the amazingly beautiful natural gorges of Kara-Balta, Aspara, Dzhilamish, as well as Kegeti with its the world-famous powerful waterfall.
No other country in Central Asia has such a large number of healing springs as in the Chui Valley.
The main historical and architectural monuments of Kyrgyzstan are largely associated with the peoples who lived on this land before the advent of the Kirghiz (Kyrgyz). The most striking example is the ancient Buran settlement, on the territory of which there is a twenty-meter tower built a thousand years ago. It used to be twice as high than now, but then it was seriously damaged by the earthquake and partially went underground as a result of a failure in the ground. In addition to this unique tower, the ruins of ancient buildings and fragments of a double powerful fortress wall have been preserved in the ancient settlement. There are also several reserves there, including the world-famous large national park Ala-Archa.
Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) attracts travelers from all over the world not only by the convenience and first-class service of its tourist hotels in the Issyk-Kul region and in large cities, but also by its good location and relatively inexpensive cost of tourist recreation.
Brief geographical reference
Kyrgyz Republic(Kyrgyzstan, Kyrgyzstan) is a state (republic) located in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan borders in the north with the Republic of Kazakhstan, in the east, and also in the southeast - with the Republic of China, in the southwest it borders on Tajikistan, and in the west it adjoins the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan, Kyrgyzstan) is a purely mountainous country. Most of the state of Kyrgyzstan is part of the Tien Shan mountain system. The mountain ranges occupy about one quarter of the country's area and stretch in parallel chains, as a rule, in the latitudinal direction. From the east, the main ranges of the Tien Shan mountain system meet in the region of the Meridional Ridge, forming a large-scale mountain junction. And only the southwestern part is related to Pamir-Alay. There is a deep depression in the middle between the Kungoy-Ala-Too and Terskey-Ala-Too ridges.
Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) is one of the largest regions in which there is a network of modern high-mountain glaciers with a total area of more than eight thousand square kilometers, which is approximately four percent of the entire territory of the state.
There are more than three thousand mountain lakes in the country, including the world-famous Issyk-Kul Lake, one of the deepest on earth (the deepest is just under seven hundred meters). Most major rivers Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) - Chu, Naryn and Talas, have their origins high in the mountains.
Emergency phone numbers of Kyrgyzstan
101 - fire department
102 - police
103 - Ambulance (urgent) medical care
104 - gas service
Rescue Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations - 161
City information bureau of the capital of Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek city - 262-317
Telephone inquiry service of Bishkek city - 109
Address of the official embassy of the Russian Federation: Republic of Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan), Bishkek city, Razzakov street, 17, telephone 62-47-38
The capital of Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyzstan) is currently. It is also a major regional center. During Soviet times, this city was called "Frunze", after perestroika, the country's capital changed its name to Bishkek.
The most common languages in the country are the national - Kyrgyz (Kyrgyz) and Russian. Russian language and Russian literature traditionally studied in general education schools along with the native language and native literature. The different pronunciation of the same words in Russian and Kyrgyz can be traced not only in the name of the country (Kyrgyzstan and Kyrgyzstan), but also in many other proper names and geographical names.
Different names for the same country, Kyrgyzstan and Kyrgyzstan, are the most striking example, illustrating in practice important phonetic differences in European and Turkic languages. However, in Russia it is traditionally customary to call this unique country with a rich history and ancient traditions exactly “Kyrgyzstan” or “Kyrgyzstan”, in accordance with the traditional norms of pronunciation of the Russian language. This is especially important for people speaking publicly: lecturers, journalists, TV narrators and news anchors.
The Kyrgyz Republic is a state in the northeast of Central Asia, mainly within the western and central parts of the Tien Shan. It borders in the north with Kazakhstan, in the west - with Uzbekistan, in the southwest - with Tajikistan, in the southeast and east - with China.
The territory of Kyrgyzstan is located within two mountain systems. Its northeastern part, which is large in area, lies within the Tien Shan, the southwestern - within the Pamir-Alay.
State
State structure
Kyrgyzstan is a presidential republic. The head of state is the president, who is elected in a general election for a five-year term. The head of government is the prime minister. Legislative power is vested in the bicameral Supreme Soviet.
Language
State language: Kyrgyz, Russian
The language of interethnic communication is Russian. Uzbek, Kazakh and Tajik languages are spoken in the western and northern regions of the country. English is widely used in the tourism industry.
Religion
Sunni Muslims make up 75% of the population, Orthodox - 20%, there are representatives of other faiths.
Currency
International name: KGS
Som is equal to 100 tyiyn. In circulation there are banknotes of 1000, 500, 200, 100, 50, 20, 10, 5 and 1 soybeans, as well as coins of 50, 10 and 1 tyiyn.
US dollars and euros are unofficially accepted for payment in hotels and when organizing trekking and high-mountain ascents. The markets accept Russian rubles and currencies of neighboring Central Asian republics.
Currency can be exchanged at bank offices, currency exchange offices (usually open around the clock) and in many shops. It is preferable to exchange currency in the capital - in the provinces the rate is somewhat lower. When exchanging US dollars, it is recommended to have new banknotes on hand - the old rate is noticeably lower everywhere, even in government institutions.
Credit cards are accepted for payment in most banks and in some large hotels in Bishkek. Travel checks can be cashed at the offices of large banks, licensed exchange offices and some large stores in the capital, but the fees are quite high (3-7%). In the province, it is almost impossible to use non-cash means of payment.
Popular Attractions
Tourism in Kyrgyzstan
Popular hotels
Cuisine of Kyrgyzstan
For the Kyrgyz national cuisine characterized by a variety of meat, dairy and flour dishes. Kyrgyz cuisine continues to preserve its national identity, the methods of preparing many dishes have not undergone significant changes, but new dishes have appeared in cooking that were not familiar in the past, food has become much more diverse. Potatoes, vegetables, fruits, honey, sugar, confectionery, bird, eggs.
Kyrgyz cuisine is characterized by a variety of meat, dairy and flour dishes. For the preparation of meat dishes, various types of meat are used: horse meat, lamb, beef, poultry, as well as meat of wild animals: mountain goats, sheep, roe deer. The most common method of heat treatment of meat products is boiling.
A favorite dish of the Kyrgyz is beshbarmak - finely chopped boiled meat of a young lamb. It is poured with broth and mixed with rectangular noodles boiled in this broth. The kulchetay dish is prepared as follows. Lamb boiled in large pieces, which is cut into wide thin slices, is eaten together with pieces of thinly rolled boiled dough cut into squares.
Sausage made from horse meat with fat - chu-chuk is considered a delicacy. Along with traditional meat dishes, new ones, borrowed from neighboring peoples, also became widespread. Among them meat soup(shorpoo, shurpa) with potatoes and onions, fried potatoes with meat (zharkop), steam dumplings (chuchbara), lagman, etc.
Meat dishes combined with dough are especially characteristic of the Kyrgyz cuisine - khoshan, gashnan (patties), samsa, pottery, etc.
For the preparation of various dishes, vegetables such as onions, tomatoes, cucumbers, cabbage, and carrots are most often used. In southern Kyrgyzstan, pumpkin is especially popular. It is put in soup, dumplings, eaten with meat, and independent dishes are prepared from it.
In addition to ayran and koumiss, kurut is prepared from milk and dairy products - sour cheese (harvested for future use and consumed dry or mashed and diluted in warm water), cottage cheese, kaymak - boiled cream, pyshlak - unleavened cheese from boiled curdled milk, etc. .
A large place in the Kyrgyz national cuisine is occupied by flour products: biscuits such as brushwood (choimo tokoch), puff pastry (zhupka), which are put in hot milk and flavored with butter and cottage cheese, puff pastry in butter, sometimes with cream (kattama), fried in butter cakes, pancakes, etc. The favorite delicacy of the Kyrgyz is also prepared from flour - boorsok - chopped pieces of rolled dough overcooked in oil. It should be noted that flour products are consumed mainly with tea.
Tea is the most popular drink of the Kyrgyz, and green tea (kok tea) is preferred in summer. This drink is drunk in the morning, and after dinner, and in the evening. In the Issyk-Kul region, tea is sometimes drunk with fresh milk, slightly salted. A peculiar type of tea is atkanchay. It is cooked in a special way with milk, butter, sour cream and salt. Besides flatbread and boorsok, tea is served with butter, kaimak, dried fruits, honey, etc.
In the diet of the Kirghiz, an old tradition has been preserved: the most satisfying meat food should be consumed mainly in the evening.
The Kyrgyz national cuisine is characterized by a variety of meat, dairy and flour dishes. Kyrgyz cuisine continues to preserve its national identity, the methods of preparing many dishes have not undergone significant changes, but new dishes have appeared in cooking that were not familiar in the past, food has become much more diverse. Potatoes, vegetables, fruits, honey, sugar, confectionery, poultry, eggs...
Tips
Tips are, in cases where they are not included in the bill, about 5-10% (large restaurants include them in the bill automatically). But in general, here, in accordance with the Islamic canons of hospitality, tips are not accepted. In stores, prices are fixed and quite reasonable. It is possible and necessary to bargain in bazaars and markets, but it is quite difficult to bring down the price by more than 30%.
Visa
Office Hours
Banks are open from 9.00-9.30 to 17.00-17.30 from Monday to Friday, closed on Saturday and Sunday.
Purchases
Shops are usually open from 08.00 to 17.00, it is recommended to visit the markets in the morning, and the earlier the better. In most retail outlets in the country, prices are rigidly fixed, but it is customary to bargain in bazaars and private stores.
All goods and services are subject to 20% VAT (usually already included in the price). VAT refund is almost impossible.
The medicine
Prevention against typhoid, cholera, poliomyelitis, hepatitis B and E, and rabies is recommended. Occasionally, outbreaks of anthrax are recorded in the southern regions. An HIV test certificate is required for stays in the country for more than one month.
Emergency Phones
Police - 102.
Fire - 101.
Ambulance - 103.
Rescue Service - 443-839, 110 or 161.
Kyrgyzstan- a fabulous, bewitching and alluring Central Asian country with its natural beauties. Its tourism potential is huge! This is a fairly developed republic with a rich history, unusual culture and many interesting traditions. Located at the crossroads of the Great Silk Road, Kyrgyzstan still keeps unique ancient monuments, which, organically combined with modern buildings, can give a lot of unforgettable impressions to their guests. Excursion tours in Kyrgyzstan are very popular among inquisitive tourists from near and far abroad.
Kyrgyzstan- real " mountain paradise”, sheltered between deserts, steppes, harsh highlands Tajikistan and the sparsely populated, arid plains of the West (Xinjiang). Two of the greatest mountain systems of the Earth stretch across the entire territory of Kyrgyzstan - and - with the highest world-class peaks - (7439 m), (7134 m) and the most beautiful pyramidal (6995 m). Climbers, rock climbers, skiers, snowboarders, lovers of mountain hiking (trekking, hiking) and other extreme people travel to the most beautiful mountainous regions of Kyrgyzstan both in winter and in summer.
Thanks to its majestic mountains and temperate continental climate, Kyrgyzstan is considered the land of the largest glaciers on the planet, huge snowfields, swift mountain rivers, turquoise alpine lakes, alpine meadows enchanting with herbs and colors, and fertile valleys rich in a variety of flora and fauna.
One of the main Kyrgyz "celebrities" -, in whose boarding houses and health resorts a huge number of lovers of languid beach holiday.
Mandatory places to visit in Kyrgyzstan are its main cities - Bishkek and. They are different, but in both there is an atmosphere of good nature, light and warmth.
AT last years the so-called jailoo tourism- accommodation in the yurts of nomads deep in the Pamir and Tien Shan mountains, in complete isolation from civilization.
Traveling through natural and man-made places is accompanied by the invariable hospitality of local residents, unusual Kyrgyz cuisine, as well as centuries-old traditions and customs of the ancient people.
Welcome to sunny Kyrgyzstan!
General information about Kyrgyzstan.
Location. Located in the north-east of Central Asia, Kyrgyzstan can definitely be called the Central Asian Switzerland, because these two countries have a lot in common. Like European Switzerland, the territory of Kyrgyzstan is more than half located in the mountains, and even its low-lying regions do not fall below 401 meters above sea level. To the sea itself, neither one nor the other state has an exit. Kyrgyzstan stretches from east to west along the Tien Shan and Pamir-Alay chains. The highest peak is Pobeda Peak (7439 m). In the mountains, everything breathes with untouched, pristine beauty, which you will not see on the plains. The northern point of Kyrgyzstan is located at the same latitude as Rome, and the southern point is located on the island of Sicily.
Square. If we compare the sizes, then the Central Asian country of mountains is almost five times larger than Switzerland - its area is 199.9 thousand square kilometers. Portugal, Switzerland, Belgium and the Netherlands combined could fit here.
Population. More than five and a half million people live on these lands. Since life in the mountainous regions is quite difficult, most of the population is concentrated in the valleys of Talas, Naryn, Chuysk and the Issyk-Kul basin. The national composition is diverse, but for the most part representatives different peoples do not live together. So, for example, Uzbeks, who make up 14.3%, are located in the south-west of the country; Russians, represented by 7.8%, live mainly in the north; a small number of Germans live in the Talas region and the area of the city of Kant; Dungans (Muslims - Chinese) and Kazakhs - in the Chui valley; Uighurs - in Bishkek, Osh and Jalal-Abad. The Kyrgyz are naturally the ethnic majority, living throughout the country and predominating in most rural areas.
Political structure. According to the Constitution, Kyrgyzstan is a parliamentary republic, that is, the president has less powers than the prime minister and parliament. The people elect the president once every six years, after which he can no longer run for office. 120 members of parliament are approved for five years on party lists, and the head of government, in turn, is determined by the parliament itself.
Administrative-territorial division: According to the administrative division, the country has 7 regions (Batken, Jalal-Abad, Issyk-Kul, Naryn, Osh, Talas and Chui), 40 districts, 22 cities and 429 rural administrations. The main cities are Bishkek and Osh. 
Capital- the city of Bishkek with a population of 874.4 thousand people, earlier the city also bore the names Pishpek and Frunze. Thanks to the orthogonal type of layout, it is remarkably blown by air from the mountains. The constant influx of fresh air favorably distinguishes it from among similar large cities in the region.
Official language- Kyrgyz, but there are many people in the country who speak Uzbek and Tajik. The main language of interethnic communication is Russian, which has official status.
Currency unit- catfish On the territory of Kyrgyzstan, all payments are made in soms (1 som = 100 tyiyn). Banks and currency exchange offices can be found in all major cities of the Republic.
Religions. The population achieves spiritual wealth by practicing Islam in 75% and Orthodoxy in 20%. Other religions account for only 5% of citizens.
Standard Time Zone: UTC/GMT +5 hours. Time in the country is not divided into winter and summer and is consistently equal to +5 hours to Greenwich Mean Time.
Electricity. As in many other CIS countries, in Kyrgyzstan the voltage in the electrical network is 220 V with a current frequency of 50 Hz. Sockets are mainly used standard, with a double plug. However, in some hotels you can also meet with a triple.
Climate of Kyrgyzstan.
The relief and location of the country have become the reason that here you can plunge into different types climate. It is almost marine, and sharply continental, and subtropical, and temperate. A feature of Kyrgyzstan is also how pronounced the change of seasons is here, which is not surprising, because the lands closest to it are rich in deserts.
The average air temperature here is determined not immediately throughout the state, but according to climatic zones. So, winter in the valleys, the thermometer rarely drops below -8 degrees, in the highlands, and 27 degrees of frost is not the limit. At the same time, in summer period mountainous regions practically catch up with low-lying ones in terms of indicators. Both in those and in others, the average air temperature is about 26 degrees. Of course, in the high-altitude areas of eternal snow, the weather is very different and has all the signs of a subpolar climate. Air temperature on the coast of Issyk-Kul less contrast and moderate all year round (about +2°C in winter, +18-25°C in summer).
Guests of the country do not have to complain about the lack of sunny days - there are an average of 247 of them a year! You can catch a cloudy sky in Kyrgyzstan only in winter and early spring. The rest of the time, the region bathes in the sun, which, however, is not as scorching as in neighboring Uzbekistan. A characteristic feature is the dryness of the air over the entire territory of the country. Precipitation in the country is not uniform. For example, the northern slopes of Ala-Too receive over 1,000 mm per year, while the Western Issyk-Kul region receives only 110 mm. The maximum amount of precipitation falls at the beginning of summer and in the autumn-winter period. Moreover, by the middle of winter, the thickness of the snow cover on the slopes of the mountains can reach up to 1 meter, and in the highlands, snow lies all year round.
How to dress in Kyrgyzstan.
Based on the climate data of the country, the preferred clothing in summer are light shirts, shorts, trousers and dresses. It is best if cotton makes up the majority of the fiber. It allows the body to breathe and does not cause excessive sweating. Due to the fact that the air humidity in Kyrgyzstan is low, high temperatures relatively easy to carry. To protect the head, wide-brimmed headwear with obligatory ventilation holes is ideal.
Don't forget that clothing white color absorb less solar heat. People with sensitive eyes should wear sunglasses at all times.
As shoes in the city, open sandals are enough. From the side of local culture there are no restrictions on the style and color of clothing. Unless in religious places it is not recommended to appear in outfits that leave open the hips, calves, shoulders, and for women and the neck. Being invited to the house, you should take off your shoes before entering.
A completely different conversation if planned trips to the mountains, especially the highlands. List of necessary equipment and equipment for expeditions can be found. In general, it should be borne in mind that in mountainous areas it is much cooler, especially at night, and the weather is extremely changeable.
Kitchen of Kyrgyzstan.
In modern Kyrgyzstan, in almost every part of it, you can meet any dish of Uzbek, Russian, Turkish or Iranian cuisine. The Kyrgyz people, of course, have their own culinary traditions, simply because of their nomadic past. kyrgyz cuisine not particularly varied.
So, for example, chicken dishes are completely absent from the national menu, because the breeding of these birds required a settled life. But all sorts of options fried and baked lamb presented here in assortment. This was again required by a nomadic lifestyle, because in a hot climate, meat can be preserved only by deep frying or withering it.
The brightest representatives of the primordially Kyrgyz cuisine different options are considered. horse meat sausage. The most revered variety - chuchuk, where the piquant taste is achieved by more fatty meats and smoking. Many other snacks and dishes are prepared from horse meat, such as map and karyn. Also very common fragrant and satisfying beshbarmak.
But, as mentioned earlier, the culture of the people has long been firmly included and pilaf, and manti, and chuchpara and many other dishes from the cuisines of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Turkey, as well as Uyghur dishes. A great influence in this cuisine was the mixture Great Silk Road, whose merit was in the transfer of not only goods, but also cultural characteristics.
Especially revered in Kyrgyzstan honey. Eaten with local flatbread, it can sometimes be the main breakfast dish. Local residents also have a positive attitude towards a variety of fruit- they are apparently invisible in all the bazaars of the country in the summer-autumn period. Apples from Issyk-Kul are considered to be among the best in the world! From vegetables, the Kyrgyz are very fond of pumpkin.
A large layer in the national Kyrgyz cuisine is occupied by fermented milk drinks
: koumiss, tan, ayran. They can be bought at any bazaar, in any store, and even along mountain roads.
Meals among the Kirghiz are carried out mainly on dasturkhane(dastarkhane) - a narrow tablecloth spread on the floor. If you were lucky enough to be invited, and this is very likely due to the hospitality of the Kyrgyz, you need to remember a few important rules: food should be taken only with your right hand; when sitting down, the legs should not be directed towards the dosturkhan, it is better to tuck them under you or pull them to the side. The attitude to sneezing at the table is also negative.
The cost of food in Kyrgyzstan.
Menu in Cafe and restaurants in Kyrgyzstan extremely rarely contains high price tags. Food in Kyrgyzstan is quite cheap. So, for example, lunch usually does not exceed $10, and a hearty dinner - $20. However, there are also elite establishments in the capital where you will have to pay more than $10 for a cup of coffee. Usually in restaurants cafe in Kyrgyzstan dishes of national, as well as Uzbek, Uighur, European and other cuisines of the world are offered.
Visa and registration.
The government of Kyrgyzstan has done a lot of work to simplify the entry of tourists into the republic. To date, it is unhindered to be in the country without a visa to Kyrgyzstan may Russian citizens, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Moldova, Tajikistan, Cuba, Vietnam, Japan and North Korea. Russian citizens can enter Kyrgyzstan according to the internal passport.
Visa-free regime entry to Kyrgyzstan for up to 60 days is also valid for citizens of 45 countries (more details). In addition, for citizens of a number of countries there is an opportunity obtaining a visa in a simplified manner.
To visit the border areas, a special permit is required.
When leaving the hotel, you should check that its employees have issued documents indicating the length of stay. These registration cards will also need to be presented to passport control at the border. From registration on the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic released citizens of foreign countries for whom the visa-free regime if the period of their stay in the Kyrgyz Republic does not exceed 60 days (for citizens of the Russian Federation - 30 days).
Customs regulations of Kyrgyzstan.
The customs rules of the republic prohibit the import and export of weapons, ammunition, narcotic substances and printed materials containing a threat to the constitutional order of the country. Regardless of citizenship, an unlimited number of Money provided that when you leave them will be less. The amount is written in customs declaration, which should be kept until leaving the state.
Other imported valuables and equipment are allowed to be imported in the amount of not more than 5,000 US dollars. They will also need to be listed in the declaration. If something from this list is no longer available on the way back, you will have to pay an import duty.
Cigarettes are allowed to be imported in the amount of 1,000 pieces, wine - 2 liters, strong alcoholic beverages - 1.5 liters. Cosmetics are allowed only in the amount that one person may need.
As a rule, purchased handicrafts and newly made goods can be exported freely. Naturally, items of exceptional cultural and historical value do not fall into this category.
If health conditions require admission medicines
, it is advisable to bring the required amount of medicines with you or consult with our tour operators in advance regarding the possibility of buying the necessary medicines on the territory of Kyrgyzstan.
Currency in Kyrgyzstan.
Legally, on the territory of Kyrgyzstan it is allowed to make payments only in soms - the monetary units of the Kyrgyz Republic, which were put into circulation on May 10, 1993. Currently, the banknote range is represented by the following denominations: 1, 10, 50 tyiyn and 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 5000 soms.
Sometimes hotel staff and other private organizations may offer to pay at foreign currency. This can only be done if the enterprise has the appropriate official permission. In other cases, problems with law enforcement agencies may arise.
However, in order to completely eliminate such misunderstandings from your travel program, you should exchange cash for local currency in advance. This can be done in banks, working, as a rule, from 9.00 to 17.00 except Saturday and Sunday, or in official exchange offices many of which are open 24/7.
It is worth noting that the rate in different exchangers may vary, and the rate in the capital is always higher than in the provinces. When exchanging, it is advisable to keep documents issued by an employee of a bank or point. Do not be surprised that some of these institutions may refuse to accept badly worn bills or old-style US dollar bills.
In no case should you change money at the market with strangers - there is a risk of becoming a victim of scammers or being detained by law enforcement officers for illegal currency transaction. The use of foreign plastic cards is available only in some shopping centers, banks and hotels in Bishkek.
Photography in Kyrgyzstan.
In the republic it is allowed to photograph and film almost everything. Restrictions are imposed only on airports and military installations. It is also not advisable to carry out such actions in relation to strangers without their consent.
Souvenirs of Kyrgyzstan.
Admiring the splendor of the ancient monuments of Kyrgyzstan, his Issyk-Kulem and snow-capped mountain peaks, you can forget that you want to keep memories of this amazing place for a lifetime. Therefore, the issue of choosing souvenirs should be given, if not the first, then at least the second place.
In addition to all kinds carpets and carved wood products, common in almost all Central Asian countries, they produce quite entertaining felt items. This is all connected with the same nomadic past of the people. Souvenirs in the form national Kyrgyz yurts in a wide variety are presented for sale. Particularly distinguished from them yurts-warmers for teapots, allowing you to keep tea hot throughout the evening and looking very colorful on the table among vases with sweets and cookies. In order for the yurt not to miss its land, it would be nice to bring with you a set of bowls decorated with national Kyrgyz ornaments. No glass or mug can better convey all the aroma and warmth contained in tea.
Also in great demand as souvenirs and gifts are panel, toys and national hats made of felt. Soft same felt slippers, being dressed on their feet, they warm not only them, but also the soul.
National holidays in Kyrgyzstan.
Public holidays:
Religious holidays with changing dates:
| . | Ramadan Hait; |
| . | Kurban Khait. |
State symbols of Kyrgyzstan: flag, coat of arms and anthem.
Flag of Kyrgyzstan. The national flag of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan is a red cloth, in the center of which there is a round solar disk with forty evenly diverging golden rays. Inside the solar disk is shown in red Tyundyuk of the Kyrgyz yurt.
The red monochromaticity of the flag symbolizes the valor and courage of the Kyrgyz people, the golden Sun, bathed in its rays, personifies peace and wealth, and the tyundyuk is a symbol of the father's house, in a broader sense, the world as a universe.
Forty rays, united in a circle, mean the unification of forty ancient tribes into a single Kyrgyzstan. Tyundyuk symbolizes the unity of the peoples living in the country. The red color of the flag was the color of the flag of the generous Manas(Manas is the hero of the Kyrgyz epic of the same name - the hero who united the Kyrgyz).
Coat of arms of Kyrgyzstan. The coat of arms of Kyrgyzstan depicts the Manas gyrfalcon with outstretched wings, which symbolizes the country's freedom. Also on the symbol of the republic is the pearl of Kyrgyzstan - Lake Issyk-Kul, surrounded by high rocky ridges Ala-Too. The white peaks of the mountains illuminated by the sun are a symbol of the pride of the Kyrgyz for the beauty of their native land, with their outlines they resemble a white cap - a traditional Kyrgyz male headdress. The coat of arms of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan was approved on January 14, 1994 by a resolution of the Jogorku Kenesh (parliament of Kyrgyzstan).
Anthem of Kyrgyzstan. was adopted on December 18, 1992. It can be translated into Russian as follows:
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Ak mongululuu aska zoolor, talaalar, Algalay Ber, Kyrgyz El, Bayyrtadan butkön munoz elime, Algalay Ber, Kyrgyz El, Atkarylyp eldin umut, tilegs, Algalay Ber, Kyrgyz El, |
High mountains, valleys, fields - Forward, Kyrgyz people, Eternally our people are open for friendship, Forward, Kyrgyz people, The dreams and hopes of the fathers came true. |
Telephone codes in Kyrgyzstan.
International code of Kyrgyzstan: +996 (8-10 996)
To call Kyrgyzstan, you need to dial + 996 - city code - phone number in sequence.
Telephone codes of city lines of large cities of Kyrgyzstan:
Photos of Kyrgyzstan:
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