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Variants of the All-Russian verification work in physics. VPR in physics: we analyze tasks with a teacher

Variants of the All-Russian verification work in physics. VPR in physics: we analyze tasks with a teacher

In 2017, the All-Russian testing work of the VPR was tested in 11 classes in physics.

VPR is the usual control work on various subjects, but carried out according to uniform tasks and evaluated according to uniform criteria developed for the whole country.

To understand how to perform verification work, you should first of all familiarize yourself with the demo versions of the control measuring materials (CMM) of the VPR for the subjects of this year.

Official website of VPR (StatGrad)- vpr.statgrad.org

Demo version of VLOOKUP 11th grade in physics 2017

Demonstration options in physics for grade 11 will help to get an idea of the structure of future KIM, the number of tasks, their form and level of complexity. In addition, the demo version provides criteria for evaluating the performance of tasks with a detailed answer, which give an idea of the requirements for the completeness and correctness of the answer recording.

This information is useful, it can be used in drawing up a plan for repeating the material before the test work in physics.

Variants of VPR 2017 in physics Grade 11

Option 9	answers + criteria
Option 10	answers + criteria
Option 11	answers + evaluation criteria
Option 12	answers + evaluation criteria
Option 13	download
Option 14	download
Option 19	*
Option 20	*

* Options 19, 20 can be used for home preparation, since we have not yet been able to find answers on the Internet.

The test work includes 18 tasks. To complete the work in physics, 1 hour 30 minutes (90 minutes) is allotted.

Prepare answers in the text of the work according to the instructions for the tasks. If you write down an incorrect answer, cross it out and write down a new one next to it.

When performing work, it is allowed to use a calculator.

When completing assignments, you can use a draft. Draft entries will not be reviewed or graded.

We advise you to complete the tasks in the order in which they are given. To save time, skip the task that you can't complete right away and move on to the next one. If after completing all the work you have time left, you can return to the missed tasks.

The points you get for completed tasks are summed up. Try to complete as many tasks as possible and score the most points.

Authors: Lebedeva Alevtina Sergeevna, Teacher of physics, work experience 27 years. Honorary Diploma of the Ministry of Education of the Moscow Region (2013), Gratitude of the Head of Voskresensky municipal district(2015), Diploma of the President of the Association of Teachers of Mathematics and Physics of the Moscow Region (2015).

Preparation for the OGE and the Unified State Examination

Average general education

Line UMK N. S. Purysheva. Physics (10-11) (BU)

Line UMK G. Ya. Myakishev, M.A. Petrova. Physics (10-11) (B)

Line UMK G. Ya. Myakishev. Physics (10-11) (U)

The All-Russian test work includes 18 tasks. To complete the work in physics, 1 hour 30 minutes (90 minutes) is allotted. When completing tasks, you are allowed to use a calculator. The work includes groups of tasks that test the skills that are an integral part of the requirements for the level of training of graduates. When developing content verification work the need to assess the assimilation of content elements from all sections of the basic level physics course is taken into account: mechanics, molecular physics, electrodynamics, quantum physics and elements of astrophysics. The table shows the distribution of tasks by sections of the course. Some of the tasks in the work are complex in nature and include elements of content from different sections, tasks 15–18 are built on the basis of textual information, which can also refer to several sections of the physics course at once. Table 1 shows the distribution of tasks for the main substantive sections of the physics course.

Table 1. Distribution of tasks according to the main substantive sections of the physics course

The VWP is developed based on the need to verify the requirements for the level of training of graduates. Table 2 shows the distribution of tasks by basic skills and methods of action.

Table 2. Distribution of tasks by types of skills and methods of action

Basic skills and methods of action	Number of tasks
Know/understand the meaning of physical concepts, quantities, laws. Describe and explain physical phenomena and properties of bodies
Explain the structure and principle of operation of technical objects, give examples of the practical use of physical knowledge
Distinguish hypotheses from scientific theories, draw conclusions based on experimental data, conduct experiments to study the studied phenomena and processes
Perceive and, on the basis of the acquired knowledge, independently evaluate the information contained in the media, the Internet, popular science articles

Evaluation system for individual tasks and work in general

Tasks 2, 4–7, 9–11, 13–17 are considered completed if the answer recorded by the student matches the correct answer. The performance of each of the tasks 4–7, 9–11, 14, 16 and 17 is evaluated by 1 point. The performance of each of the tasks 2, 13 and 15 is evaluated by 2 points if both elements of the answer are correctly indicated; 1 point if an error was made in one of the given answers. The performance of each of the tasks with a detailed answer 1, 3, 8, 12 and 18 is evaluated taking into account the correctness and completeness of the answer. Instructions are provided for each task with a detailed answer, which indicates what each score is set for - from zero to the maximum score.

Exercise 1

Read the list of concepts that you met in the physics course: Convection, degrees Celsius, Ohm, Photoelectric effect, Light dispersion, centimeter

Divide these concepts into two groups according to your chosen attribute. Write in the table the name of each group and the concepts included in this group.

Concept group name	List of concepts

Solution

In the task, it is required to divide the concepts into two groups according to the selected attribute, write down the name of each group and the concepts included in this group in the table.

To be able to choose from the proposed phenomena only physical ones. Remember the list physical quantities and their units of measurement.

The body moves along the axis OH. The figure shows a graph of the dependence of the projection of the body velocity on the axis OH from time t.

Using the picture, choose from the proposed list two

At the point in time t 1 body was at rest.
t 2 < t < t 3 the body moved uniformly
During the time interval t 3 < t < t 5 the coordinate of the body did not change.
At the point in time t t 2
At the point in time t 4 the modulus of acceleration of the body is less than at the moment of time t 1

Solution

Performing this task, it is important to correctly read the graph of the dependence of the projection of speed on time. Determine the nature of the movement of the body in certain areas. Determine where the body rested or moved uniformly. Select the area where the speed of the body changed. From the proposed statements, it is reasonable to exclude those that do not fit. As a result, we stop at the correct statements. This statement 1: At the point in time t 1 the body was at rest, so the velocity projection is 0. Statement 4: At the point in time t 5 body coordinate was greater than at time t 2 when v x= 0. The projection of the body velocity was larger in its value. Having written the equation for the dependence of the body coordinate on time, we see that x(t) = v x t + x 0 , x 0 is the initial coordinate of the body.

Difficult questions of the exam in physics: Methods for solving problems on mechanical and electromagnetic oscillations

The body floats up from the bottom of a glass of water (see figure). Draw in this figure the forces acting on the body and the direction of its acceleration.

Solution

Read the assignment carefully. Pay attention to what happens to the cork in the glass. Cork floats from the bottom of a glass of water, and with acceleration. Specify the forces acting on the cork. This is the force of gravity t acting from the Earth, the force of Archimedes A, acting from the side of the liquid, and the force of resistance of the liquid c. It is important to understand that the sum of the modules of the vectors of gravity and the drag force of the fluid is less than the module of the Archimedean force. This means that the resulting force is directed upwards, according to Newton's second law, the acceleration vector has the same direction. The acceleration vector is directed in the direction of the Archimedes force A

Task 4

Read the text and fill in the missing words: decreases; increases; does not change. Words in the text may be repeated.

The figure skater, standing on the ice, catches a bouquet that flew up to him horizontally. As a result, the speed of the bunch is _______________, the speed of the skater is ________________, the momentum of the body system of the skater is the bunch of ___________.

Solution

In the task, you need to remember the concept of body momentum and the law of conservation of momentum. Before the interaction, the skater's momentum was equal to zero, so he was at rest relative to the Earth. The momentum of the bouquet is maximum. After the interaction, the skater and the bouquet begin to move together at a common speed. Therefore, the bouquet speed decreases, skater's speed increases. In general, the impulse of the skater-bouquet system is does not change.

Methodological assistance to a physics teacher

Four metal bars were placed close to each other, as shown in the figure. The arrows indicate the direction of heat transfer from bar to bar. The temperatures of the bars at the moment are 100 °C, 80 °C, 60 °C, 40 °C. A bar has a temperature of 60 ° C.

Solution

The change in internal energy and its transfer from one body to another occurs in the process of interaction of bodies. In our case, the change in internal energy occurs due to the collision of randomly moving molecules of contacting bodies. Heat transfer between the bars occurs from bodies with greater internal energy, to the bars with less internal energy. The process continues until they reach thermal equilibrium.

Bar B has a temperature of 60°C.

The figure shows PV-diagram of processes in an ideal gas. The mass of the gas is constant. Which area corresponds to Isochoric heating.

Solution

In order to correctly select the section of the graph corresponding to isochoric heating, it is necessary to recall isoprocesses. The task is simplified by the fact that the graphs are given in axes PV. Isochoric heating, a process where the volume ideal gas does not change, but as the temperature increases, the pressure increases. Remember, this is Charles' law. Therefore, this area OA. We exclude the site OS, where the volume also does not change, but the pressure decreases, which corresponds to the cooling of the gas.

Metal ball 1, mounted on a long insulating handle and having a charge + q, are brought in turn into contact with two of the same balls 2 and 3, located on insulating supports and having, respectively, charges - q and + q.

What charge will remain on the ball number 3.

Solution

After the interaction of the first ball with the second ball of the same size, the charge of these balls will become equal to zero. Since modulo these charges are the same. After the contact of the first ball with the third one, the charge will be redistributed. The charge will be shared equally. Will by q/2 on each.

Answer: q/2.

Task 8

Determine how much heat will be released in the heating coil in 10 minutes, when an electric current of 2 A flows. The resistance of the coil is 15 Ohm.

Solution

First of all, let's convert the units of measurement to the SI system. Time t= 600 s, Further, we note that when the current passes I = 2 A in spiral with resistance R\u003d 15 Ohm, during 600 s the amount of heat is released Q = I 2 Rt(Joule-Lenz law). Substitute the numerical values into the formula: Q= (2 A)2 15 Ohm 600 s = 36000 J

Answer: 36000 J.

Task 9

Arrange the types of electromagnetic waves emitted by the Sun in decreasing order of their wavelengths. X-ray, infrared, ultraviolet

Solution

Familiarity with the scale of electromagnetic waves suggests that the graduate must clearly understand in what sequence electromagnetic radiation is located. Know the relationship between wavelength and radiation frequency

Where v is the radiation frequency, c– propagation speed electromagnetic radiation. Remember that the speed of propagation of electromagnetic waves in vacuum is the same and equal to 300,000 km/s. The scale begins with long waves of a lower frequency, this is infrared radiation, the next radiation with a higher frequency, respectively, is ultraviolet radiation and the higher frequency of the proposed ones is x-ray radiation. Realizing that the frequency increases and the wavelength decreases, we write in the desired sequence.

Answer: Infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation, X-ray radiation.

Using Fragment Periodic system chemical elements, shown in the figure, determine the isotope of which element is formed as a result of the electronic beta decay of bismuth

Solution

β - decay in the atomic nucleus occurs as a result of the transformation of a neutron into a proton with the emission of an electron. As a result of this decay, the number of protons in the nucleus increases by one, and the electric charge increases by one, while the mass number of the nucleus remains unchanged. Thus, the transformation reaction of an element is as follows:

in general. For our case we have:

The charge number 84 corresponds to polonium.

Answer: As a result of the electronic beta decay of bismuth, polonium is formed.

On improving the methods of teaching physics in Russia: from the 18th to the 21st century

Task 11

A) The division value and the measurement limit of the device are equal, respectively:

50 A, 2A;
2mA, 50mA;
10 A, 50 A;
50 mA, 10 mA.

B) Record the result of the electrical voltage, taking into account that the measurement error is equal to half the division value.

(2.4 ± 0.1) V
(2.8 ± 0.1) V
(4.4 ± 0.2) V
(4.8 ± 0.2) V

Solution

The task tests the ability to record the readings of measuring instruments, taking into account the specified measurement error and the ability to correctly use any measuring instrument (beaker, thermometer, dynamometer, voltmeter, ammeter) in everyday life. In addition, it focuses on recording the result, taking into account significant figures. Determine the name of the device. This is a milliammeter. A device for measuring current strength. Units mA. The measurement limit is the maximum value of the scale, 50 mA. Division value 2 mA.

Answer: 2 mA, 50 mA.

If required, write down readings according to the drawing measuring device taking into account the error, then the execution algorithm is as follows:

We determine that the measuring device is a voltmeter. The voltmeter has two measurement scales. We pay attention to which pair of terminals is involved in the device, and therefore we work on the upper scale. Measurement limit - 6 V; Value of division With = 0.2 V; the measurement error according to the condition of the problem is equal to half the division value. ∆ U= 0.1 V.

Indications of the measuring device, taking into account the error: (4.8 ± 0.1) V.

Paper;
Laser pointer;
Protractor;

In response:

Describe the procedure for conducting research.

Solution

You need to investigate how the angle of refraction of light changes depending on the substance in which the phenomenon of light refraction is observed. The following equipment is available (see picture):

Paper;
Laser pointer;
Semicircular plates made of glass, polystyrene and rock crystal;
Protractor;

In response:

Describe the experimental setup.
Describe the procedure

The experiment uses the setup shown in the figure. The angle of incidence and the angle of refraction are measured with a protractor. It is necessary to conduct two or three experiments in which the beam of a laser pointer is directed to plates of different materials: glass, polystyrene, rhinestone. The angle of incidence of the beam on the flat face of the plate is left unchanged, and the angle of refraction is measured. The obtained values of the angles of refraction are compared.

VLOOKUP in questions and answers

Task 13

Establish a correspondence between examples of the manifestation of physical phenomena and physical phenomena. For each example from the first column, select the appropriate name of the physical phenomenon from the second column.

Write in the table the selected numbers under the corresponding letters.

Answer:
Answer:

Solution

Let us establish a correspondence between examples of the manifestation of physical phenomena and physical phenomena. For each example from the first column, we select the corresponding names of the physical phenomenon from the second column.

Under the influence of the electric field of a charged ebonite rod, the needle of an uncharged electrometer is deflected when the rod is brought to it. Due to the electrification of the conductor through influence. The magnetization of a substance in a magnetic field is manifested when iron filings are attracted to a piece of magnetic ore.

Answer:
Answer:

Read the text and complete tasks 14 and 15

Electrostatic precipitators

On industrial enterprises electrical purification of gases from solid impurities is widely used. The action of the electrostatic precipitator is based on the use of a corona discharge. You can do the following experiment: a vessel filled with smoke suddenly becomes transparent if sharp metal electrodes are introduced into it, oppositely charged from an electric machine.

The figure shows a diagram of the simplest electrostatic precipitator: inside a glass tube there are two electrodes (a metal cylinder and a thin metal wire stretched along its axis). The electrodes are connected to electric car. If you blow a stream of smoke or dust through the tube and start the machine, then at some voltage sufficient to ignite a corona discharge, the outgoing stream of air becomes clean and transparent.

This is explained by the fact that when the corona discharge is ignited, the air inside the tube is strongly ionized. Gas ions stick to dust particles and thereby charge them. Charged particles under the influence of an electric field move to the electrodes and settle on them

Task 14

What process is observed in a gas in a strong electric field?

Solution

We carefully read the proposed text. We select the processes that are described in the condition. This is a corona discharge inside a glass tube. The air is ionized. Gas ions stick to dust particles and thereby charge them. Charged particles under the action of an electric field move to the electrodes and settle on them.

Answer: Corona discharge, ionization.

Task 15

Choose from the proposed list two true statements. List their numbers.

A spark discharge occurs between the two filter electrodes.
Silk thread can be used as a thin wire in the filter.
According to the electrode connection shown in the figure, negatively charged particles will settle on the walls of the cylinder.
At low voltages, air purification in the electrostatic precipitator will occur slowly.
A corona discharge can be observed at the tip of a conductor placed in a strong electric field.

Solution

To answer, we will use the text about electrostatic precipitators. We exclude incorrect statements from the proposed list using the description of electric air purification. We look at the figure and pay attention to the connection of the electrodes. The thread is connected to the negative pole, the cylinder wall to the positive pole of the source. Charged particles will settle on the walls of the cylinder. Correct statement 3. A corona discharge can be observed at the tip of a conductor placed in a strong electric field.

Read the text and complete Tasks 16-18

When exploring great depths, such underwater vehicles as bathyscaphes and bathyspheres are used. The bathysphere is a deep-sea submersible in the form of a ball, which is lowered into the water from the side of the ship on a steel cable.

Several prototypes of modern bathyspheres appeared in Europe in the 16th-19th centuries. One of them is a diving bell, the design of which was proposed in 1716 by the English astronomer Edmond Halley (see figure). The wooden bell, open at the base, accommodated up to five people, partially submerged in water. They received air from two casks lowered in turn from the surface, from where the air entered the bell through a leather sleeve. Wearing a leather helmet, the diver could also make observations outside the bell, receiving air from it through an additional hose. The exhaust air was released through a valve located at the top of the bell.

The main disadvantage of Halley's bell is that it cannot be used at great depths. As the bell sinks, the air density in it increases so much that it becomes impossible for them to breathe. Moreover, with a long stay of a diver in the zone high blood pressure there is saturation of the blood and tissues of the body with air gases, mainly nitrogen, which can lead to the so-called decompression sickness when a diver rises from depth to the surface of the water.

Prevention of decompression sickness requires compliance with working hours and proper organization of decompression (exit from the high pressure zone).

The time spent by divers at depth is regulated by special diving safety rules (see table).

Task 16

How does the air pressure in the bell change as the bell sinks?

Task 17

How does the allowable diver work time change with increasing diving depth?

Task 16–17. Solution

We read the text carefully and examined the drawing of a diving bell, the design of which was proposed by the English astronomer E. Halley. We got acquainted with the table, in which the time spent by divers at depth is regulated by special diving safety rules.

Pressure (in addition to atmospheric), atm.	Permissible time spent in the work area

The table shows that the greater the pressure (the more depth diving), the less time a diver can stay on it.

Task 16. Answer: Air pressure increases

Task 17. Answer: The allowable working time is decreasing

Task 18

Is it permissible for a diver to work at a depth of 30 m for 2.5 hours? Explain the answer.

Solution

The work of a diver at a depth of 30 meters for 2.5 hours is permissible. Since at a depth of 30 meters the hydrostatic pressure is approximately 3 10 5 Pa or 3 atm of the atmosphere) in addition to atmospheric pressure. The allowable time for a diver to stay at this pressure is 2 hours 48 minutes, which is more than the required 2.5 hours.

The All-Russian verification work of the VPR in physics was written on April 10, 2018 by students of 11 classes of Russian schools.

This test is not mandatory and is carried out in 2018 by the decision of the school. The test work is intended for graduates who have not chosen physics for passing the exam.

At the end of December 2017, demonstration versions of the VPR for grades 11 of 2018 were published on the official website of the FIPI.

After conducting work on the network, real options with answers appeared.

VPR options in physics Grade 11 with answers 2018

Option 1	answers + evaluation criteria
Option 2	answers + evaluation criteria
Option 3
Option 4
Option 5	answers + evaluation criteria
Option 6	answers + evaluation criteria
Option 9	answers + evaluation criteria
Option 10	answers + evaluation criteria
Option 11
Option 12

The physics test includes 18 tasks, 1 hour 30 minutes (90 minutes) is allotted for its completion. VPR participants in physics are allowed to use a calculator.

The work checks the assimilation of all sections of the basic level physics course: mechanics, molecular physics, electrodynamics, quantum physics and elements of astrophysics.

Completing the tasks of the VPR in physics, eleventh-graders must demonstrate an understanding of the basic concepts, phenomena, quantities and laws studied in the course of physics, the ability to apply the acquired knowledge to describe the device and principles of operation of various technical objects or to recognize the studied phenomena and processes in the surrounding world. Also, within the framework of the VLOOKUP, the ability to work with textual information of physical content is checked.

Recommended scale for translating the total score for the performance of the VPR in physics into a mark on a five-point scale

All-Russian verification work (VPR) is the final control work, organized by individual academic subjects to assess the level of training of schoolchildren, taking into account the requirements of federal state educational standards. Their organization provides for a unified schedule, the use of unified texts of tasks and unified evaluation criteria.

VPR is not an analogue of the state final certification. They are held at the regional or school level.

The results can be used to form programs for the development of education at the level of municipalities, regions and the whole country, to improve the methods of teaching subjects in specific schools, as well as to individual work with students. The results of the VPR do not affect the receipt of a certificate and transfer to the next class. Rosobrnadzor does not recommend educational organizations use the results of the VPR for setting annual marks for students.

VPR Physics Grade 11 (samples, options)

VPR 2020, grade 11. Verification work in physics. SAMPLE.

VPR 2018, grade 11. Verification work in physics. SAMPLE.

FIPI, 2018. - 11 p. (+ 4 pp. answers, grading system).

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