The actions of the S-44 submarine against the cruiser “Kako” (From the book by T. Roscoe “Combat Activities of US Submarines in the Second World War”. Foreign Literature Edition. Moscow, 1957.) On the morning of August 7, the American marines attacked Guadalcanal, which was

Document No. 5.5 Combat report of the commander of the S-13 submarine, Captain 3rd Rank Marinesko Donoshu, that the combat order of the commander of the BPL No. -08 / op dated 12.00 20.09.44 [fulfilled]. On October 1, 1944, at 15.20, as part of an escort (three TSCs and one "MO"), he left the mountains. Kronstadt, returned from a military campaign in

Document No. 6.22 Combat report of the commander of the S-13 submarine, Captain 3rd Rank Marinesko Fulfilling the order of the commander of the KBF Submarine Brigade No. Faluden lighthouse with a task

Inspection of the submarine and conclusions of experts Work on the rise of Shch-139 began a few hours after the explosion. At first, the divers temporarily welded holes right under the water, then they began to pump out water, after that the pontoons were brought in and with their help the boat was raised

The catastrophe of the Kambala submarine In the second half of May 1909, the squadron, which included the battleships Rostislav, Panteleimon, Three Saints and the cruiser Memory of Mercury, conducted maneuvers on the roadstead of the Belbek River. Submariners used this opportunity to work out

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8.6.1. M-77 series V|-bis

Senior Lieutenant N.A. Khlyupin (07.12.40-01.09.41),
captain-lieutenant D.N. Kostylev (01.09.41-01.07.42),
captain-lieutenant N.I. Kartashev (01.07.42-05.43),
captain-lieutenant I.M. Tatarinov (05.43-09.05.45).

The most numerous submarines in the Navy were boats of type M - "Malyutka" VI and VI-bis series, which were built under the guidance of designers A. N. Asafiev and P. I Serdyuk. They started building in 1934.
22.06.41 "M-77" met as part of the 4th division of the 1st brigade of the submarine in Libau. On the same day, in view of the threat of capturing Libau, the M-77, paired with the M-78, began to move to Ust-Dvinsk. On the morning of June 23, the boats were attacked by German aircraft, and the further journey continued in a submerged position, maintaining contact via sound-conducting communication. Three hours later, the batteries of the M-78 were discharged, and the submarine decided to surface in order to immediately fall victim to the torpedoes of the U-144 submarine. On the M-77 they heard explosions and understood their significance. But, because and on the "M-77" the batteries were also discharged, the boat had to surface and pass the rest of the way under a diesel engine. Happily avoiding a meeting with the "German".
24.06.41 at 00-00"M-77" arrived safely in Ust-Dvinsk.
15.07.41 The submarine for the first time went on a military campaign to a position in the Pärnu region.

During the campaign, the boat commander was passive, and as a result of the combat exit, he was removed from his post.
01.09.41 Captain-Lieutenant Kostylev Lev Nikolayevich, who previously commanded the M-71, which was blown up in Libau, was appointed commander of the M-77. Under his command, "M-77" made another campaign, after which the boat got up for repairs in Leningrad.
01.07.42 Captain-Lieutenant Kartashev Nikolai Ivanovich became the commander of the ship.
18.07.42 when parked in Leningrad, the M-77 was damaged by close-exploded shells - fragments struck light hull at the aft end and tank No. 3.
14.09.42 "M-77" went on a military campaign in the skerry area on the approaches to Helsinki. Being in a given area, the submarine was fired upon by enemy artillery and evaded by diving. Returned to base at the right time.
05.43 Captain-Lieutenant Tatarinov Ivan Mikhailovich was appointed commander of the M-77. The boat began to prepare for relocation to Lake Ladoga.
June 25, 1943"M-77" was enrolled in the Ladoga military flotilla. Soon the boat was transported by rail to Novaya Ladoga (the main base of the Ladoga flotilla) and launched.
After refurbishment in Novaya Ladoga "M-77" was put into operation. Having made two campaigns for combat training in July 1943, she began to carry out combat missions.
08-09.43 the boat went to the northern coast of the lake three times to search for enemy ships, but did not find any targets.
10-11.43 "M-77" was used for the landing of sabotage groups on the coast of the enemy, as well as navigational support for the landing in Mustalahti Bay on October 12, 1943.

24.06.44 "M-77" went to the island of Mantsinsaari to cover the landing near Tuloksa with artillery fire as part of the 70th separate marine rifle brigade under the command of Lieutenant Colonel A.V. Blaka (total 3661 people). The boat made several more exits for the purpose of reconnaissance.
20.08.44 returned to Leningrad and on August 31, 1944 the boat was again included in the Baltic Fleet, although in September 1944 the M-77 still entered Lake Ladoga for combat training for a short time, but it no longer participated in hostilities.
So, M-77 made 15 military campaigns. In torpedo attacks did not go out. In terms of the number and time of combat campaigns, it is the most active boat in the series.

8.6.2. M-79 series V|-bis

Senior lieutenant, captain-lieutenant I.V. Avtomonov (until 04.42),
senior lieutenant K.S. Kochetkov (04.42-06.07.43),
captain-lieutenant A.A. Klyushkin (07/06/43-03/09/44),
captain-lieutenant, captain 3rd rank S.Z. Trashchenko (05.07.44-09.05.45).

22.06.41 the boat met as part of the 4th division of the 1st submarine brigade in Libau. On the same day, the M-79 took up a fixed position on the approaches to Libava. On board the M-79, the commander of the M-71 (which was blown up in Libau), Lieutenant Commander Kostylev, went out to sea as a support.
June 26, 1941 the boat left the position, and since Libava was already occupied by the enemy, the M-79 had to go to Paldiski, where it arrived safely on July 1.
12.07.41 The submarine went on a military campaign to the south of Cape Kolkasrags (see the figure above for M-77) and allegedly sent a barge with ammunition to the bottom, which is not true (see the article on the Internet by P. Grishchenko “Fight under water”. M., 1983 p.57).
8-29.08.41 as part of convoy No. 1, M-79 makes the infamous transition from Tallinn to Kronstadt. On September 28, 1941, the boat arrived in Leningrad and stood at the wall of the Sudomekh plant. On December 15, from close explosions of German shells, the M-79 received minor shrapnel damage to the hull. On April 4, 1942, the boat was again damaged by bombs. "M-79" got up for repairs and in 1942 did not take part in the hostilities.
04.42 Senior Lieutenant Konstantin Sergeevich Kochetkov was appointed commander of the M-79. In June 1943, the M-79 began to be prepared for transfer to Ladoga.
June 25, 1943 the ship became part of the Ladoga military flotilla. On July 5, 1943, the boat was delivered by rail to Lake Ladoga.
06.07.42 Captain-Lieutenant Alexey Alexandrovich Klyushkin was appointed commander of the submarine. Post-repair after and combat training.
29.09.43 "M-79" went on the first combat campaign on Ladoga. However, on 10/02/43 the boat had to return due to damage to the Bamag clutch. Before the freeze-up, the M-79 went on campaigns four more times, mainly with reconnaissance purposes and landing reconnaissance groups on enemy territory.
09.03.44 Lieutenant Commander Klyushkin was appointed commander of S-4.
05.07.44 commander of the "M-79" was appointed captain-lieutenant (later captain of the 3rd rank) Trashchenko Semyon Zosimovich.
All summer 1944"M-79" stood in the base, but many sources indicate the participation of the boat in the Svir-Petrozavodsk operation and, in particular, 24-25.06.44 "M-79" together with "M-77", "M-96" and "M-102" covered the artillery landing in the area of ​​​​Tuloksa with artillery fire (see Fig. for M-77 and paragraph 2.14. Landing forces of Ladoga and Onega military flotillas during the Svir-Petozavodsk operation of the Karelian Front).
20.08.44 The M-79 crossed the Neva to Leningrad and on September 1 was returned to the Baltic Fleet. The technical condition of the boat was difficult, and it was put into conservation.,br>So, the M-79 made 7 combat campaigns. In torpedo attacks did not go out.

8.6.3. M-90 series X||(Series XII see root section)

senior lieutenant I.M. Tatarinov (until 07.41),
captain-lieutenant D.M. Sazonov (07.41-31.07.41),
Lieutenant Commander S.M. Epstein (31.07.41-14.04.43),
Lieutenant M.I. Berezin (14.04.43-29.05.43 interim),
senior lieutenant, captain-lieutenant Yu.S. Rusin (29.05.43-15.12.44),
senior lieutenant, captain-lieutenant G.M. Egorov (12/15/44 - 05/09/45)

Type M submarines of the XII series replaced the VI-bis series in 1940. Increased speed to 14.1/8.2 knots and cruising range to 1900/110 miles.
At the beginning of June 1941 Submarine "M-90" was docked.
22.06.41 the boat met as part of the 8th division of the 2nd submarine brigade in Tallinn (according to other sources in Hanko).
23.06.41 The submarine went on a military campaign in the designated area near Helsinki.,br> On the evening of June 24 The M-90 surfaced and began to charge the batteries, but was fired upon by its Naisaar Island coastal battery and forced to submerge. Soon the submarine was attacked by the 44th Separate Naval Reconnaissance Squadron called by our MBR-2 aircraft and lay on the ground, but even here it was attacked by our patrol boat, which dropped more than 50 depth charges on the M-90. When trying to surface, the submarine again came under fire from our coastal battery. Fortunately, the submarine did not receive any damage. Finally, the M-90 commander managed to report the situation, and the submarine was recalled to the base, where it arrived safely on June 25, 1941.
07.41 Captain-Lieutenant Sazonov Dmitry Mikhailovich became the commander of the ship, and Senior Lieutenant Tatarinov was removed from command of the ship and appointed with a demotion (the reason was not specified).
12.07.41 "M-90" arrived in Leningrad, where it was raised to the wall of the plant number 190 (named after Zhdanov) to prepare for relocation to the Caspian.
31.07.41 Lieutenant Commander Epshtein Semyon Mikhailovich took command of the ship (Lieutenant Commander Sazonov took over Shch-305). With the beginning of the blockade of Leningrad, the way to the Caspian Sea became closed, and the submarine was actually mothballed.
strong>04/30/42 "M-90" suffered from an air raid. As a result of close explosions of five air bombs with shrapnel in three places the hull was pierced. A factory worker was killed and a sailor seriously injured.
23.10.42 "M-90" was launched again.
14.04.43 Lieutenant Mikhail Ivanovich Berezin was entrusted with temporarily acting as commander of the ship.
29.05.43 senior lieutenant (later lieutenant commander) Yury Sergeevich Rusin took command of the M-90.
On the night of June 30, 1943 the submarine moved from Leningrad to Kronstadt.
09/29/43 "M-90" after more than a two-year break went on a military campaign to the appointed place near the Tiyskeri lighthouse (see Appendix 6, Gulf of Finland). On the morning of October 1, the submarine was already in the specified area.

On October 3, 1943, the commander refused to attack a detachment of enemy warships - an obstacle was created by a stone ridge.

On the night of 04.10.43, a scout was landed from the M-90 on Hamnscher Island (Gulf of Finland). Scout - a resident of one of the islands of southern Finland was legless, our intelligence recruited him in 1939. They surfaced at night, the scout was transferred in his arms to a rubber boat, and his property, including a walkie-talkie, was put there. At the same time, the submarine briefly ran aground, damaging the keel. On the night of 10/07/43, the M-90 moved to the area west of Gogland Island, where the next morning it was unable to launch an attack on enemy minesweepers. On the evening of the next day, in the Kotka-Helsinki area, the submarine nevertheless attacked an enemy convoy. The M-90 fired two torpedoes at the enemy's landing barge. An explosion was heard on the submarine. Some sources even indicate the victim of the M-90 - the high-speed landing barge F-212 (220 tons), but the enemy does not confirm the success of our submarine. Having used up the M-90 torpedoes, she began returning to the base. South of the island of Gogland, she was pursued by enemy PLO forces, but, despite this, she returned safely to Kronstadt.
At the end of 10.43"M-90" moved to Leningrad for winter parking and repair
18.06.44 The submarine went on a combat campaign to Lake Ladoga in the area of ​​​​the mouths of the Vidlitsa and Olonka rivers, where it operated from June 19 to June 25 in the interests of the troops of the Karelian Front.
13.07.44 "M-90" returned to Leningrad. After Finland left the war, on November 19, 1944, the M-90 was relocated to Hanko.
15.12.44 Senior lieutenant (later lieutenant commander) Georgy Mikhailovich Egorov took command of the M-90 submarine (Yu.S. Rusin left for study).
20.12.44 "M-90" went on a military campaign in the designated area at the mouth of the Gulf of Finland.


Later, already Admiral of the Fleet, Hero Soviet Union G.M. Egorov wrote: “Remembering this voyage now, I think how hard it was! Continuous storms. No matter how you surface - a snow blizzard. You can't see a damn thing." Of the 129 hours spent by the submarine under water, only 9 hours of the M-90 was at periscope depth, and the rest of the time it was forced to lie on the ground. About the heroic fate of the M-176 commander I.L. Bondarevich, see paragraph 8.3.12.
December 30, 1944 the submarine returned to base.
In 1945, the M-90 went to sea two more times. For the first time in the area of ​​Vindava, in the second - near Libava. During all this time, "M-90" had no contact with the enemy. On May 6, the submarine was planned to be sent to Vindava, but at the transition to the indicated area, "M-90" was caught by the news of the end of the war. The trip was canceled and the submarine returned to base.
So, the M-90 made 6 military campaigns (one of them to Lake Ladoga). Made one torpedo attack with the release of two torpedoes. There are no confirmed victories.

8.6.4. M-95 Series X||

senior lieutenant, captain-lieutenant L.P. Fedorov (12.40-07.42).

22.06.41 "M-95" met on Hanko, where shortly before that docking took place . The submarine was part of the 8th division of the 2nd submarine brigade. On the first day of the war, the submarine moved to Paldiski and then to Tallinn.
On July 16, 1941, the commander of the Baltic Fleet, Vice Admial V.F. Tributz ordered that part of the submarines of the 8th division be placed at the disposal of the Commandant of the Coastal Defense of the Baltic Region (BOBR), Major General of the Coastal Service A.B. Eliseeva. On July 19, loyal submarines, including the M-95, arrived in Trigi Bay (in the north of Ezel Island).
21.07.41 "M-95" went to sea to carry out patrols in the area of ​​​​the island of Ruhnu.

In the evening of the same day, during an urgent dive, due to a design defect in the gas outlet valve, diesel was flooded on the boat, and she had to return to Ust-Dvinsk.
31.07.41 "M-95" went on a military campaign in the Ust-Dvinsk region for military operations against enemy ships, but there were no meetings with them. Due to the mine danger (the mines were set by our aircraft and patrol ships), the submarine was instructed not to approach the coast closer than 5 miles.
On the morning of August 6, 1941"M-95" moved to Kuivaste, where, being constantly exposed to German air raids (about 40 air raids were repelled), it stood there until August 12, 1941, then moved to Tallinn.
28-29.08.41 participated in the "Tallinn crossing" as part of a cover detachment, and successfully completed the transition to Kronstadt.
10.10.41 M-95 went on a combat campaign in the Narva Bay (see Appendix 6, Gulf of Finland) to act against a possible breakthrough of the German fleet to Kronstadt. During the patrol, the boat touched the ground 20 times with the hull. In addition, the ship was plagued by a series of breakdowns (stern horizontal rudders failed four times, the periscope needed to be repaired). The submarine continued to remain in position until October 19, 1941, after which it returned to Kronstadt on its own. On the same day "M-95" moved to Leningrad, where at the plant number 196 ("Sudomekh") she got up for repairs.
15.12.41 when parked near the wall of the plant, the submarine received holes in the solid case.
09-10.06.42 "M-95" moved from Leningrad to Kronstadt. At the crossing, the submarine and the BKA No. 212 armored boat accompanying it were fired upon by enemy artillery. There were no damages on the submarine, but the armored boat that was walking with the submarine received a direct hit and suffered significant losses in the crew, two were killed, five people were injured.
12.06.42 in the evening "M-95" went on a military campaign in the region of the West Gogland reach (Gulf of Finland). At first, she arrived at Lavensari, from where on the morning of June 13 she left for a given area. During the first day, the submarine discharged torpedo tubes at the Siauliai transport, which had been standing on stones since 1941. (Sunk during the Tallinn crossing by German aircraft August 29, 1941). Left without ammunition, the submarine was forced to return to Lavensari.
14.06.42 Having loaded the torpedoes, the M-95 again went to sea. The next day, enemy observation posts on Gogland Island and ours on Lavensari Island, as well as our patrol boats, noted a large explosion in the vicinity of the submarine position. The oil slick in this place lasted until July 11, 1942. Obviously, the "M-95" was blown up by a mine of the enemy's barrier and sank. According to another version, the submarine, having received heavy damage after the explosion, was able to stay afloat, and after a while was finished off by Finnish aircraft. Together with the submarine, 14 people died.
So, M-95 made 4 military campaigns. There was 1 erroneous torpedo attack (2 torpedoes fired).

8.6.5. M-96 Series X||

Lieutenant Commander A.I. Marinesko (until 03.43),
captain-lieutenant N.I. Kartashov (03.43-7-10.09.44?).

22.06.41 M-96 met as part of the 8th division of the 2nd submarine brigade on Hanko. The day before, "M-96" returned from patrol on the approaches to the base, where it observed the intensive movement of German transports from Finland.
With the start of the war the submarine was relocated to Tallinn, from where, in mid-July 1941, it moved to Trigi Bay, where it was placed at the disposal of the Commandant of the Coastal Defense of the Baltic Region (BOBR).
22.07.41 in the evening, M-96 went on its first combat campaign to a position in the southern part of the Gulf of Riga (see the figure above for M-95).

The details of this exit were not preserved, since Marinesko sent a report on the campaign to the BOBR headquarters, where it was most likely destroyed when our units left the Syrve Peninsula, aka Svorbe (the battles on the Syrve Peninsula in October 1941 were one of the most tragic pages of the defense of the Moonsund Islands. Torpedo boats were able to take out only part of the command led by General A. B. Eliseev, and the rest of the garrison defending the peninsula was left to fend for themselves. It turned out to be impossible to take out people); the logbook "M-96" was handed over to the headquarters of the submarine brigade and probably died during the evacuation of Tallinn. Some information about the first military campaign "M-96" is contained in the "Journal of Combat Actions BOBR". (see Strelbitsky K.B. “To the 60th anniversary of the first military campaign of“ submariner No. 1 ”). “When the war began, the ability to fight Captain Marinesko manifested itself in real miracles! So on July 22, 1941, the Marinesko team went to sea on a low-power M-96 - and in the same first military campaign, their underwater slow-moving ship sank a huge Nazi ship with a displacement of 7000 tons. July 29, 1941 "M-96" returned to Trigi Bay. The reason for this was the breakdown of the diesel engine. According to some reports, the rim of the fist coupling burst, connecting the diesel engine with the propeller, according to others, during an urgent dive due to a malfunction of the gas outlet, the diesel engine was flooded with water.
August 5, 1941 the submarine arrived in Kronstadt, and then in Leningrad, where it got up for repairs.
Soon, the M-96 began to be prepared for relocation to the Caspian Sea, but after the Germans blockaded Leningrad, the submarine was returned to combat readiness.
01.09.41 "M-96" became part of the 5th division of the submarine brigade in the Baltic Fleet. The submarine spent the first blockade winter in Leningrad.
February 14, 1942 when parking at the Tuchkov bridge, a shell hit the M-96, as a result of which flooded compartments IV and V, and the boat sat on the ground.Repair of the submarine took about four months.
12.08.42 "M-96" went on a military campaign on the Tallinn-Helsinki line. On August 14, in the area of ​​the Porkkalan-Kallboda lighthouse (see Appendix 6, Gulf of Finland), a submarine attacked a transport from the enemy convoy with one torpedo. The salvo distance was 12 cables. Within 1 minute, a strong explosion was heard on the M-96. After the release of the torpedo, the submarine could not stay at a depth and surfaced, showing a wheelhouse above the water. According to the commander, at that moment he saw the death of the transport. According to many sources, the Finnish transport Helene (1850 brt) was sunk by a torpedo from the M-96, which, according to Finnish data, died on August 13, 1942 near the island of Rügen on a British bottom mine. Sometimes the victim of the submarine is called the German heavy floating battery "SAT-5" ("Helene") of 400 brt, which successfully survived the war and was included in the fleet, intended for transfer to the allies for reparations. In any case, the Finnish convoy was attacked, since according to German data, the M-96 attack was not recorded, especially since it was carried out in the area of ​​​​responsibility of the Finns. After the release of the torpedo, the patrol ships counterattacked the submarine, dropping 9 depth charges on it, from the explosions of which the submarine received minor damage.
On the night of August 15, 1942"M-96" moved to the area of ​​Paldiski (Gulf of Finland), where it discovered the enemy's convoy, but due to the low value of the targets, the commander refused to attack.
August 19, 1942, having used up fuel, the submarine headed for the base without notifying the command about it.
On the evening of August 22, 1942 in the Lavensari area, the submarine was harassed by its patrol boats. Fortunately, everything worked out, and on August 25, the M-96 safely moored in Kronstadt.
04.11.42 "M-96" went on the next military campaign. On board the submarine was a reconnaissance group of five people, whose task was to raid a German radio post and capture the Enigma cipher machine.(According to the memoirs of P.D. Grishchenko, who served in the intelligence department of the KBF headquarters since September 1943, this operation was carried out in early December 1943.). The scouts were commanded by Senior Lieutenant M.S. Kalinin, assistant commander of Shch-303, later commander of the Shch-307 submarine, Hero of the Soviet Union. Scouts were also recruited from the Shch-303 crew. On the evening of November 11, the reconnaissance group landed in the area of ​​Narva (Gulf of Finland). Disguised in German uniforms, the scouts of Suzdaltsev and Okhlopkov obtained the “language”, but after his interrogation it turned out that he did not have the necessary information. Having raided the headquarters of the regiment, the scouts captured documents and a prisoner (Grishchenko speaks of two prisoners), but Enigma was not found. When the reconnaissance group returned to the submarine, the boat with people capsized, three scouts and the prisoner they captured drowned. Taking on board the survivors, the submarine returned to Kronstadt.
03.43 captain-lieutenant Kartashov Nikolai Ivanovich was appointed commander of the boat, and Marinesko accepted the S-13.
19.07.43 "M-96" went on a military campaign with the task of visual reconnaissance of the area of ​​​​the Khapasar skerries (Gulf of Finland). On July 19, 1943, in the area of ​​​​the Tuolula Bank, the submarine ran aground, damaging the propeller, rudder guards and hull. Having completed the task of reconnaissance of the area, on the night of July 21, the M-96 arrived at Lavensari, and then moved to Kronstadt, where it was placed in doc.
28.08.43 The submarine, during the next military campaign in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe island of Gogland, on August 29, landed a group of scouts on Gogland at night. On August 30, M-96 moved to the Tiyskeri lighthouse (see Appendix 6. Gulf of Finland), where it repeatedly found enemy patrol boats. On the night of September 1, the submarine landed a second reconnaissance group on Gogland, after which it headed for the base.
18.07.44 "M-96" crossed the Neva to Lake Ladoga, where she made one combat campaign to the island of Valaam in order to reconnaissance and cover the troops of the Karelian Front near Tuloksa with artillery fire. On July 13 the boat returned to Leningrad.
18.08.44 when leaving for a military campaign, the M-96 lay down on the ground in anticipation of dusk. A storm began, as a result of a boat hitting the ground damaged the keel and she had to return to Kronstadt for repairs.
07.09.44 M-96 went on her last combat campaign with the task of reconnaissance of minefields in the Narva Bay. On board the submarine, the operator of the submarine brigade captain 2nd rank N.N. Butyshkin. The boat did not return. Probably, "M-96" died, blown up by a mine of the Seeigel barrier in the Narva Bay on September 7-9, 1944. Together with the M-96, 22 crew members of the submarine are resting at the bottom.
So, M-96 made 7 military campaigns. On July 22, 1941, Marinesko sank a huge Nazi ship with a displacement of 7,000 tons. There are no confirmations. Subsequently, 1 unsuccessful torpedo attack with the release of 1 torpedo.

8.6.6. M-97 Series X||

captain-lieutenant A.I. Mylnikov (10.39-14.01.42),
captain-lieutenant N.V. Dyakov (14.01.42-09.42?).

22.06.41 "M-97" met as part of the 8th division of the 2nd brigade of the submarine. The submarine was in Tallinn under renovation and was in the first line. Already on June 26, 1941, during a trial exit after repairs, the submarine was subjected to an unsuccessful attack by an enemy aircraft.
July 4, 1941 the submarine moved to Paldiski.
06.07.41 in the evening, together with M-103, escorted by two battleships and two SKA, they went on patrol to the island of Ute (see Appendix 6. Gulf of Finland). On the night of July 7, 1941, the BTShch-216 was blown up by a mine (the time of the death of the ship at M. Morozov 23-25; at A. Platonov 12-35). The commander of the 8th division of the submarine, captain of the 3rd rank E.G., who was on board the minesweeper. Yunakov, who was deploying the division's submarines, received a severe concussion, but was picked up from the water by a patrol boat. The second "BTSH-211", having met the "M-102" returning from the position, turned back. Therefore, all submarines had to return to Paldiski, from where the M-97 moved to Trigi Bay (in the north of Ezel Island), being subjected to repeated attacks by enemy aircraft along the way.
07/08/41 in the morning"M-97" again took up a position near the island of Ute. During the day, having been attacked by an enemy aircraft, the submarine sank, and then continued to move in a submerged position. On July 10, the submarine was in the designated area. The opportunity to distinguish the M-97 presented itself around noon on July 11, when the M-97 commander saw the U-144 in the periscope (Mylnikov assessed the target as a Vetehinen-class submarine). The conditions for the attack were ideal, the distance was 6 kbt, which, during the observation of the target, was reduced to 2 kbt, the target's course was 2-3 knots. Unfortunately, the commander forgot to give the command to prepare the torpedo tubes for a salvo, and the moment for launching the torpedoes was missed. A few hours later, the roles changed, and the commander of U-144 fired one torpedo at the M-97, albeit just as unsuccessfully. On the night of July 14, the submarines met again. This time, U-144 again acted as a potential target, but the M-97 commander considered the conditions for the attack to be impossible, and the Pli command was not followed.
July 14, 1941 The M-97 returned safely to Triga Bay, and on August 8 moved to Kronstadt.
12.09.41 on the night of the M-97 went on the next combat campaign with a reconnaissance mission in the Tallinn area. For the entire time it was in position, the submarine did not meet with the enemy, and on the night of September 19, it began to return to the base. On the way, the submarine was attacked three times by the Finnish Bristol Bulldog aircraft and lightly damaged by machine-gun fire.

At the end of September 20, 1941"M-97" moored in Kronstadt.
17.10.41 in the evening, "M-97" went on a military campaign for operations on the Tallinn-Helsinki communications. Even on the Kronstadt roadstead, the submarine collided with a tugboat and damaged the stem, which did not prevent her from continuing the campaign. Having penetrated into the Tallinn Bay, on the morning of October 24, at the Ekarinental alignment, the M-97 attacked the enemy ship, and although an explosion was heard on the submarine, the German ship Hohenhörn attacked by the M-97 arrived safely at its destination. On the same day, the submarine had another contact with the enemy, but due to the long distance it did not attack. The last remaining M-97 torpedo was fired on the afternoon of October 25, 7 miles south of the Helsinki lightship. The attacked caravan of ships under the cover of aviation suffered no losses. In connection with the depletion of ammunition, the M-97 returned to Kronstadt on October 27, and in November 1941 moved to Leningrad for winter parking and repair.
14.01.42 Captain-Lieutenant Dyakov Nikolai Vasilyevich was appointed commander of the M-97. Captain 3rd rank Melnikov was appointed commander of S-9.
February 14, 1942"M-97", moored at the bridge of Builders in Leningrad, was damaged during shelling. The projectile hit the wheelhouse and the solid hull in the region of the 37th frame. The submarine received 44 fragmentation holes in the superstructure and 96 in the wheelhouse fence. Went in for repairs.
27.05.42 the repaired submarine from Leningrad went on a military campaign to the Eastern Gogland reach with the task of reconnaissance of the enemy's anti-submarine defense. On May 28, she approached the island of Lavensari, and from where she left the next day to charge the batteries. June 4 "M-97" reconnaissance of the island of Gogland, but further patrols had to be stopped due to malfunction of the periscope head, which began to pass water.
16.06.42 "M-97" arrived in Kronstadt and got up for repairs.
25.08.42 "M-97" went on a combat campaign to a position between Tallinn and Helsinki. On the night of September 1, she, accompanied by minesweepers, went with Lavensari to the dive point on the East Gogland reach. The submarine did not get in touch again and did not return to the base. According to Finnish data, around midnight on September 2, 1942, south of Tiiskeri, the M-97 was sunk by artillery fire and depth charges from the patrol boats VMV-1 and VMV-2. After the Second World War, it turned out that the submarine died on the mine of the Nashorn barrier, 20 members of her crew remained in the sea with her.
So, M-97 made 5 military campaigns. Made 2 unsuccessful torpedo attacks with the release of 2 torpedoes.

8.6.7. M-98 Series X||

captain-lieutenant I.I. Toothless (until 11/14/41?)

22.06.41 "M-98" met as part of the 8th division of the 2nd brigade of the submarine on Khanko. The submarine had just undergone current repairs in Libau and therefore was listed in the organizational period.
19.07.41 "M-98" arrived in Trigi Bay (in the north of Ezel Island), from where, at about 00-00 hours on July 21, it went on a combat campaign to carry patrol northwest of Cape Ristna (western part of Ezel Island). The submarine was paired with its "sistership" "M-94" (underwater minzag) under the escort of minesweeper boats. Having passed the Soelo Vyain (strait between the islands of Dago and Ezel), the escort left the submarines, and they continued to move on their own. At about 8 o'clock in the area of ​​the Kõpu lighthouse, the M-94 was sunk by a torpedo from the German submarine U-140. "M-98" happily avoided being hit, after which she took part in rescuing part of the crew of her less happy girlfriend. Apparently, the death of the M-94 made a strong impression on the commander of the M-98, Bezzubikov. Most of the patrol time at the position, the boat lay on the ground, and only at night did it surface for a short time to ventilate the compartments. In the end, water leaked into the optical system of the periscope, and the M-98 had no choice but to return to the base, where it arrived on July 26, 1941. The result of the campaign did not satisfy the command. The commander of the submarine received a severe reprimand with a warning that if such a case were repeated, he would be tried by the Military Tribunal, which, given the situation at that time, meant execution. At the end of July 1941, the M-98 arrived in Tallinn, where it passed docking.
28-29.08.41 "M-98" was part of the "Tallinn crossing" cover detachment. In the area of ​​the island of Aegna, the submarine left the caravan and headed for a position to the east of the Porkkalan-Kallboda lighthouse with the task of covering the passage of ships and vessels. Until September 2, the submarine was in position, but had no encounters with the enemy and on September 4 returned to Kronstadt on its own.
09/28/41 at night"M-98" again went on a military campaign in the Narva Bay. The history of the July campaign repeated itself. The submarine commander acted extremely passively, most of the time the submarine spent on the ground and had no encounters with the enemy. October 9 "M-98" returned to Kronstadt. Upon the return of the submarine from the campaign, the command of the submarine brigade filed a petition to bring Lieutenant Commander Bezzubikov to the court of the Military Tribunal. The commander of the "M-98" managed to avoid trial.
13.11.41 The "baby" under his command again went on a military campaign for action on the Tallinn-Helsinki communications. Up to the meridian of the island of Naissar, the submarine was supposed to follow as part of a convoy to Hanko. On the night of November 14, near Keri Island (6 km north of Prangli Island, see Appendix 6. Gulf of Finland), the caravan hit a dense minefield. The mines blew up the destroyer "Severe" and the submarine "L-2". Around 01-20 "M-98" withdrew from the convoy, and, heading to the north-west, sank. No one else saw or heard from her. At 01-57, two strong explosions were heard on the ships of the convoy in the direction of M-98. Probably the submarine was killed by a minefield D.35 or D.46. Also, the possibility of the death of a submarine on a floating mine in the Tallinn region, as well as a personnel error or equipment failure, is not ruled out. There were 18 people on the M-98 on her last trip. According to K. Strelbitsky, in the summer of 1999, at the bottom of the Gulf of Finland (the exact place is not indicated), the "Baby" of the XII series was discovered. Her tactical number is unknown. In fact, it may turn out to be "M-98", "M-95" or "M-96".
So, M-98 made 4 combat campaigns. In torpedo attacks did not go out.

8.6.8. M-99 series XII
Participated in the Great Patriotic War; made 2 combat campaigns (4 days).
27.06.41 sunk by the German submarine "U-149" in the area of ​​the island of Ute at the point 59 ° 20 'N. / 21°12′ E There are no other data in the open literature.

8.6.9. M-102 series X||

senior lieutenant, captain-lieutenant P.V. Gladilin (10.40-07.07.43),
captain-lieutenant, captain 3rd rank N.S. Leskovoy (21.07.43-09.05.45).

22.06.41 the submarine met as part of the 8th division of the 2nd submarine brigade. The submarine was in Tallinn, where it carried out Maintenance.



25.06.41 at night, the submarine went out to patrol northwest of Cape Ristna (the western point of Dago Island). On June 30, the M-102 almost became a victim of torpedoes from the German submarine U-149 (which had already sunk the M-99 on June 27, but, fortunately, the Germans did not have time to take a position to attack). There were no more meetings with the enemy, and on July 4 the submarine was withdrawn from the position. On the same day, the M-102 arrived at the rendezvous point with its boats, which were supposed to ensure the safe passage of the submarine to Tallinn. The boats were not met, and the commander decided to continue the transition on his own, but in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bCape Takhkuna (the northern tip of Dago Island), the M-102 was fired upon by our coastal battery (battery No. 26 fired) and was forced to dive. Without taking any more risks, the submarine returned and was met by patrol boats, which led her through the Soela-Vain Strait (between the islands of Dago and Ezel) and the Harikurk Strait (between the islands of Dago and Vormsi) to Tallinn.
02.08.41 "M-102" was withdrawn to Cape Ristna to carry a sentinel position at the mouth of the Gulf of Finland, but due to a diesel engine failure, she was forced to return to Tallinn and get on the dock.
28.08.41 "M-102" as part of the "Tallinn Crossing" cover detachment went to the island of Aegna, and then it was sent to the area south of Helsinki to cover convoys. Until September 2, the submarine patrolled at a given position, but had no encounters with enemy ships, and on September 4 returned to Kronstadt on its own.
12.10.41 "M-102" went on a military campaign on the Tallinn-Helsinki communications, but on the evening of October 15, in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bSeskar Island, she sat on stones and received a hole in a solid case. The hike had to be interrupted. On the night of October 20, 1941 in the Leningrad sea channel "M-102", colliding with the transport "Pyatiletka", received additional damage (hole below the waterline in the region of 18-19 frames) . The submarine stopped to repair the damage. for repairs at the plant number 196. The submarine spent the entire first, most difficult winter of the siege in Leningrad.
23.09.42 in the evening, the submarine went on a military campaign to a position in the Paldiski region. Minesweepers and patrol boats accompanied her to the dive point on the East Gogland reach. When the submarine was submerged, the conning tower flood valve leaked water, causing the conning tower and periscope shaft to be flooded. The boat continued to move, and on the evening of September 27 arrived at the position. A day later, the M-102 was attacked by an enemy patrol boat, which dropped 18 depth charges on it. From close gaps on the submarine, the echo sounder failed. On the night of October 4, "M-102" moved to the area of ​​the Porkkalan-Kallboda lighthouse (see Appendix 6. Gulf of Finland), where on the afternoon of October 5, in the area of ​​​​the Svartbodan lighthouse, jumped out onto a bank and crumpled the bow of the 9 frames. As a result of the impact on the submarine, the breakwaters of the torpedo tubes were demolished, their front covers jammed, and the tank of the main ballast No. 1 was pierced.
On the night of October 6, 1942 the submarine moved to the Paldiski area. During the day, she was unable to attack the convoy, since only now it was noticed that the covers of the torpedo tubes did not open. On the night of October 7, "M-102" left the position and headed for the base. Already at the transition to Kronstadt on October 9, the submarine hit the ground twice. As a result, the fast dive tank was pierced, the propeller was bent, the vertical rudder was damaged, and the hydroacoustic equipment failed."M-102" again got up for repairs.
04.07.43 M-102 went on a combat campaign to the Norre-Kappellaht Bay on Lavensari Island to conduct regular reconnaissance in the Gulf of Finland. The island was used as a mobile base, where the submarines charged their batteries and rested the crew. Despite the disguise, on July 7, she was discovered by enemy air reconnaissance. By order of the commander of the 5th submarine division, captain 3rd rank P.A. Sidorenko's boat was ordered to submerge and lie on the ground until dark. The commander of "M-102" ignored the order and continued to rest on the deck of the schooner "Erna". The consequences of such carelessness were not long in coming. Around 17-30, during the third enemy raid, the M-102 was damaged by close explosions of air bombs - fragments pierced the strong hull and lining of the tank of the main ballast No. 5, instruments and mechanisms were damaged. During the bombing, the commander of the ship and his assistant, Lieutenant Kapitonov Alexander Mikhailovich, were killed, 1 member of the crew of the submarine was wounded. Having lost its commander, the submarine returned to Leningrad.
21.07.43 Lieutenant commander (later captain of the 3rd rank) Nikolai Stepanovich Leskovy took command of the M-102.
28.08.43 "M-102" went on a combat campaign to a position in the middle part of the Narva Bay. In the morning, in support of minesweepers, she moved from Kronstadt to Lavensari, and in the evening arrived in the designated area. On the night of September 3, the submarine landed a reconnaissance group on Bolshoi Tyuters Island. During the campaign, the submarine more than once discovered enemy ships, but for various reasons did not attack. On the evening of September 8, "M-102" began returning to the base, and in the morning of the next day arrived in the Norre-Kappellacht Bay (Lavensari Island). On the night of September 11, in support of minesweepers and torpedo boats, she crossed Kronstadt, where she passed docking.
30.09.43 on the night of "M-102" went on a military campaign in the area of ​​​​the West Gogland reach, located between the islands of Bolshoi and Maly Tyuters. After reaching the dive point for further transition, the submarine revealed a malfunction of the Bamag clutch, and she was forced to return to Lavensari. After repairing the damage on the night of October 2, the M-102 finally entered the position. On the morning of October 3, 1943, the submarine was blown up by an antenna mine and received quite serious damage - the periscope, magnetic compass failed, the solid hull in the region of 28-37 frames received deformations. The failed gyrocompass and echo sounder were repaired on the spot by the personnel. The submarine continued its march and on the morning of October 4 arrived in the designated area. Due to a malfunction of the periscope, the M-102 was forced to search for the enemy at night on the surface. On the morning of October 8, the submarine was discovered by enemy patrol boats. After they fired at the submarine from cannons and machine guns and dropped 6 depth charges, the M-102 was subjected to periodic attacks by enemy PLO forces for about a day and a half. On the night of October 11, the submarine landed a reconnaissance group on Bolshoi Tyuters Island. When the submarine was immersed, the hatch hatch, which was damaged as a result of the boat being blown up by a mine on October 3, did not batten down, and only at a depth of 30 meters it was pressed down by water pressure. As a result, the central post was flooded, where the radio equipment, echo sounder, and other electrical equipment failed. Having pumped out the water, the submarine continued to remain in position. At 02-06 on October 14, M-102 attacked the enemy for the first time, firing 2 torpedoes at an enemy minesweeper. The Germans discovered the attack in time. The minesweeper "M-30" managed to evade the torpedo. The enemy counterattacked, but 9 dropped depth charges did not harm the submarine. All day on October 14, 1943, the M-102 was pursued by enemy PLO forces. On the night of October 15, the submarine began returning to the base and in the evening arrived on its own in Nore Bay - Kappellaht. Soon "M-102" moved to Leningrad for repair and winter parking.
18.06.44 by the decision of the command, "M-102" crossed the Neva to Morier Bay on Lake Ladoga and the next day was in Novaya Ladoga. On June 22-27, the submarine covered the Tuloksa landing operation with artillery fire (see the figure above for M-77).
Mid-July 1944 the submarine returned to Leningrad.
07.09.44 "M-102" went on a military campaign in the western part of the Gulf of Finland, having on board Captain 2nd Rank P.A. Sidorenko. Having not met anyone, on the evening of September 10, the submarine began returning to the base, but, going underwater, it was blown up twice on antenna mines - as a result of the mine explosion, they were damaged ballast tank and light hull, the right torpedo tube and gyrocompass were disabled. Met by patrol boats, she was escorted to Lavensari and soon in Kronstadt got up for repairs
30.12.44 "M-102" went on a military campaign at the mouth of the Gulf of Finland. Finland left the war. An hour and a half before New Year's Eve of the new year, 1945, the M-102 took up its assigned position. Due to the storm, a significant part of the patrol lay on the ground and did not have any encounters with the enemy.
January 10, 1945"M-102" arrived at the island of Ute, where she was met by her minesweeper. January 13 arrived in Hanko and subsequently carried out high-quality repairs in Helsinki.
15.02.45 "M-102" went on a military campaign in the Vindava region. On the night of February 27, the submarine attempted to attack a group of enemy patrol boats, but was detected and counterattacked. The enemy dropped 6 depth charges on the submarine. On the night of February 28, M-102 began returning to the base and on March 2 arrived in Turku, where it passed midway repair.
11.04.45 M-102 went on a military campaign in the Libava region. On the night of April 21, 1945, the submarine was discovered and fired on by two enemy patrol boats, which dropped 26 depth charges on the M-102. On April 23, the submarine began returning to the base and on the afternoon of April 26, 1945, arrived in Turku, where it stood in in doc. There she was greeted by the news of the end of the war.
So, M-102 made 10 military campaigns. 1 inconclusive torpedo attack (2 torpedoes fired).

Command Baltic Fleet appreciated the courageous and decisive actions of the personnel of the "babies" during the Second World War.
Along with a positive assessment of these submarines, the sailors noted the difficulties of serving on them: “The “little ones” go out to sea for a short time - for several days, for a week. While large and medium-sized submarines make one trip, the “little ones” manage to make two or even three exits. But even a short voyage of this submarine greatly exhausts the team. The sea treats the "baby" unceremoniously, throws it like a piece of wood. The submarine is cramped, the living conditions are difficult. And there are only enough people for a two-shift shift. So, during the search, people have a 12-hour working day. To this we should add alarms, attacks, bombings, when everyone is on their feet, everyone is at their combat posts. But, having returned to the base, the "babies" do not stagnate for a long time if there is no need for repairs. Submariners learned from combat experience the main shortcomings of the "little ones".
The commander of the submarine "M-90" BF, the future famous Admiral of the Fleet G.M. Egorov, further said: “...“ babies ”demanded great skill from the crews. They only had one engine each. This meant that if, for example, a diesel engine fails due to poor maintenance, write wasted. The ship will be stuck without movement in the middle of the sea, because there were no reserve funds on it ... "
The fleet needed small transportable submarines with a twin-shaft engine mount and stronger weapons, at the same time being transported by railway. The draft design of just such a small submarine (since August 1939, series XV) was approved. Supply 2 diesel engines with a capacity of 600 hp. at 600 rpm. As a result, the total power of the main surface diesel engines of the two-shaft submarine increased 1.5 times, the surface speed increased by 1.8 knots, and the cruising range of the economic speed in the surface position increased by more than 1000 miles. Two propeller motors with a capacity of 230 hp each. allowed to maintain, despite the increased displacement, the former underwater speed. It was possible to place 4 torpedo tubes in the bow compartment, equipped with drives for setting the depth of the torpedo (PUN) and its Aubrey gyroscopic device (PUPO). In total, 15 submarines of the M type of the XV series were under construction, of which only 4 submarines entered service with the USSR Navy during the war and were used to a limited extent during the war. Their combat experience has not yet been reflected in open literature.
At the end of the 30s, the M-90 submarine of the XII series (then commanded by Senior Lieutenant P.A. Sidorenko) became the first diesel submarine specially equipped for under-ice navigation. In the winter of 1939 - 1940. On the M-90 submarine, the BF was factory-mounted for testing, a hydraulic drill made holes in the ice cover without much difficulty, which allowed the commander to raise the periscope to view the horizon. On the upper deck of the submarine, in the aft and bow parts of the superstructure, 2 metal trusses with spikes in the upper part were installed to protect the hull from damage when emerging from under the ice.,
The Main Supreme Council of the Navy, having reviewed the test results on May 15, 1940, recognized the device for navigating submarines under ice as successful, pointing out some easily eliminated shortcomings. The combat experience of under-ice navigation of the “babies” has not yet been covered in the open literature.

small Soviet submarine M-55 in Sevastopol

In September 1941, the Soviet-German front was steadily moving east. The fully occupied Baltic republics and Belarus were in the midst of a battle for Ukraine. Germany tried with all its might to implement the Barbarossa plan, but it increasingly had to be adjusted.

The Wehrmacht sharply slowed down the pace of advance on land, and the Kriegsmarine still has not established control in the sea fairways in the waters of the USSR. At sea, the situation changed daily, sea ​​battle, air attacks, artillery cannonades, landings. The battles were fought on the Black Sea, in the Baltic and in the waters of the North Sea.

Early in the morning of September 26, 1941, the M-171 submarine left the base of the Northern Navy Polyarny for a combat campaign. Two days later, she received a mission that reported on enemy transport ships in the area of ​​Petsamo Bay in the Bering Sea. Passing through the narrow throat of the bay was a risky step, but the commander decided. After all, his boat could literally slip through the eye of a needle. The submariners were not mistaken - the Germans did not notice the smallest submarine of the Soviet fleet. Soon the baby sank two enemy ships with two torpedoes.

The entire history of the creation of submarines has always been associated with an increase in power, ammunition, range and corresponding sizes of submarines, however, carried away by scale, shipbuilders forgot about tasks that require just a small dimension. Sending submarines on long voyages, Soviet naval commanders did not think about grottoes and narrow straits, about movements in skerries or at shallow depths.

Small submarines went into battle from the very first days of the war and did not act very successfully. August 16, 1941 M-174 broke through to the base of the enemy Liinakhamari. According to the submariners, the torpedo was fired right at the pier.

Liinakhamari port was the main base for the export of nickel. In addition, being at the forefront of occupied Norway, he was involved in the fight against the allies following in the USSR. Not surprisingly, Liinakhamari became the target of the Soviet Navy.

The harbor was turned into a powerful fortified area. It was difficult to break through here, and the Germans believed that it was impossible. The defense system of Liinakhamari and the bay consisted of 4 coastal batteries of 150 mm and 210 mm guns and 20 batteries of 88 mm anti-aircraft defense guns, equipped for firing at ground and sea targets.

On August 11, 1941, a small submarine slipped through Petsamo in Liinakhamari - later the Admiral of the Fleet. She sank enemy transport right on the roadstead. Egorov himself explained his luck by the design features of the submarine. The width of the winding bay, along which he crept up to the Germans, was only 1 to 1.5 km. The enemy laid mines in the center of the fairway, not assuming that the Russians had the opportunity to bypass the warheads and actually slip through the rocks themselves.

The Malyutka submarines had a width of only 3.1 m and a length of 44.5 m. Accordingly, the armament of the submarine was also limited, only 2 torpedoes and a 45 mm gun in front of the wheelhouse. Soviet submariners joked that they were floating on a tube with a cannon.

Project 6 bis submarine "Baby"

The decision to build small displacement submarines was made in the early 1930s. On March 20, 1932, the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR approved the project of designer Alexei Nikolaevich Asafov. After 5 months, on August 29, the lead submarine was laid down at the Nikolaev shipyard. Already in 1933, intensive tests of small submarines began. Engineers identified a number of shortcomings and in August of the same year it was decided to build 20 small submarines according to an improved design.

Project 6bis submarines received electric control of the bow horizontal rudders, a quick dive system, a new propeller and a reshaped stern. However, these submarines left much to be desired. First of all, the submariners were not satisfied with the speed of the submarines, capacity and navigation equipment.

The improved "Malyutki" 12 series became the most successful design development of small-sized submarines and were mass-produced. The new submarines were 4.5 m longer than the previous series, more powerful batteries, diesel and electric engines, increased underwater speed to 15 km / h, surface speed to 26 km / h. The submarines received modern navigation equipment for that time, and also had large ship reserves, the underwater displacement increased by 50 tons. This also made it possible to increase the possibilities for landing and receiving groups of paratroopers and reconnaissance from the coast. The cruising range reached 625 km on the surface and 200 km in the submerged position. The submarine could dive to 60 m, the autonomy of navigation was 10 days. The robust hull of the new small-sized submarines was divided by bulkheads into 6 compartments: torpedo, bow, central, battery, diesel and electric. To receive the main ballast, 3 side and 2 end tanks were intended in the absence of deck tanks.

submarine type "M"

For a long time, the Germans could not determine what kind of underwater enemy they were dealing with. But small submarines left their mark on the service of Soviet submariners. The crew of the M-type submarines was only 21 people, but even two could not disperse in the aisles. The combat watch on the "Baby" was carried for 4 hours and in two shifts. Many positions have been combined. So torpedomen were often coca. To save electricity, food on small boats was cooked at night, when the diesels charged the batteries in the surface position. It was difficult to serve in a small team and cramped closed space. There were 10 sleeping places, so the issue of cohesion and selection of the team was in the first place for the commander. Colleagues in the process of naval service were supposed to become friends.

The coherence of the crew has become a decisive condition for the successful operation of the boat. The small-sized Soviets managed to show all their best qualities during that same September campaign in Petsamo, when two torpedoes found two targets. But the successful attack was only the beginning of a test for the submarine and crew. Having fired two torpedoes, the submarine almost found itself, the boatswain hardly kept it under water with the help of horizontal rudders.

On the return course, the M-171 suddenly lost control, she got into an anti-submarine metal net, which the Germans installed at the entrance to the bay. The commander realized that he had landed in underwater chain mail, gave the command to reverse. On the submarine, at first slowly, and then the trim on the bow grew more, there was a threat of fire. The commander, seeing everything perfectly, continued to move in reverse. With great difficulty, the submarine freed itself from the nets, but the question arose of how to break forward. It was necessary to hurry, and the commander gathered the crew to hear the opinion of everyone. It was unanimously decided to go under water right along the upper edge of the nets. As a result, hitting her only with a keel, the submarine escaped from the trap. When the enemy realized this, it was useless to pursue the submarine, the commander changed course, and the submarine confidently broke away from the chase.

The sailors were in high spirits, because any opponent of the "Baby" was much larger, much more powerful than her, so each victory of these submarines was especially valued. At the entrance to the base, each boat fired a gun. In the Northern Fleet, such a ritual was adopted, which entered as a tradition. The submarine that sank the enemy ship entered the harbor and announced that she was returning with a victory with cannon shots according to the number of ships sunk.

In May 1942, another small submarine made another equally daring maneuver in the waters of the Arctic. Being on a free hunt, near the Varanger Fjord, submariners discovered a German convoy. Two transport ships were guarded by eight guards, which already implied the importance of the cargo. Unfortunately, by this time, the Soviet submariners had practically run out of batteries, the charge remained for 1 hour of work under water. The commander could refuse to attack, but Soviet naval officers were not like that. The divers decided to dive under the guards and surface between them and the transport ships. "Baby" emerged just 400 meters from the nearest patrol ship enemy. The sailors still managed to notice that the Germans on the bridge were looking for something on the horizon, not paying attention to the sea over the other side. The volley and combat score of small boats was replenished with another enemy ship sunk.

Thanks to its design, the Malyutka boat managed to go under water faster than the Germans came to their senses from the torpedo explosions. The subsequent prosecution did not bring any results to the enemy. The submariners managed to retreat to the shores where the Soviet batteries were located, under their fire the enemy was forced to retreat.

In the Soviet fleet, a fantastic diving record was set on M-type boats. He did it - the legendary submariner hid the boat under water in just 19.5 seconds, while according to the standards, 35 seconds were allotted for this. By the way, on the eve of World War II, the M-95 Marinesko submarine was recognized as the best in the Baltic Fleet. This title was confirmed by a small submarine already on July 22, 1941, when it sent an enemy ship with a displacement of 7 thousand tons to the bottom. A year later, in August 1942, the entire fleet spoke about Marinesko again, this time his “Baby” sank German transport. For this campaign, the officers were awarded the Order of Lenin. But when he went to study at the Naval Academy, the M-96 boat died. Marinesko worried for a long time, believing that with him the crew could have survived. It is very painful to lose 20 comrades at once.

In the Baltic Fleet, boats of the "M" type had a hard time. The Wehrmacht quickly captured most of the Soviet ports. The range of the submarines was severely limited, so they suffered significant losses. Of the 9 Baltic Babies, only two survived. The first submarine was lost here on the second day of the war. Not far from Riga, the M-78 was fatally torpedoed by the German submarine U-144. In Liepaja, the sailors themselves had to blow up the M-71 and M-80, which were being repaired here.

small submarine M-174

In 1944, in the north, the port of Liinapamari, like the entire Petsamo region, became part of the Murmansk region of the USSR. "Baby" short-range boats on remote enemy communications could not successfully hunt. It was decided to send them from the north to the Black Sea, and they were transported by rail. This unique way of relocating submarines became one of the reasons for their active construction in the USSR.

In the 1930s, tense relations with Japan required a sharp increase in the young Soviet Pacific Fleet. Tokyo possessed a serious naval force. Moscow has Far East there was nothing to respond to a potential strike at sea. Time to arrange release at remote shipyards modern ships and there were no submarines either. And then they decided to deliver the submarines ready-made by land transport across the country. Therefore, many parameters of the "Malyutka" type were also limited by the capabilities of the railway for the transportation of oversized cargo. The experience of redeployment along steel lines turned out to be very useful during the Great Patriotic War. Having made a land combat campaign from Murmansk, small submarines joined the "Baby" in the Black Sea. Here, such submarines have already gained fame as masters of close combat. The M-111 boat turned out to be the most productive at the southern maritime theater. She chalked up the transport "Theadorich", "Hainburg", two anti-submarine ships and two self-propelled ferries. The boat spent about 250 days under water, made 37 combat and four transport trips, more than all the other "Baby".

In November 1942, the M-111 boat, leaving the German guard ships, met with the U-18 submarine. The German shuttle attacked the M-111 submarine with all torpedoes, but missed, the Soviet baby, unfortunately, had nothing to answer.

The boat U-18 belonged to the class of small German submarines. In the Black Sea "Baby" for the first time faced with a rival in their weight category. Here the enemy transferred the 30th flotilla with the base of Konstanz.

Prior to the arrival of the North Sea small-sized submarines, the 30th flotilla operated quite successfully, even off the Caucasian coast. However, the northern reinforcements allowed the Black Sea to establish total control over the water area. Due to possible attacks, German transports could not go to sea, and German submarines, as once Soviet ones, had to destroy their own submarines in the end. So U-18, U-20 and U-23 were scuttled by their crews on September 10, 1944 off the coast of Turkey. The remaining three submarines of the flotilla sank as a result of the bombing of Constanta. Only Soviet small boats remained in the Black Sea. In the first days of May 1945, 14 small Soviet submarines of the "M" type went on military campaigns. On May 9, they were ordered to return to their permanent bases, as the service in the war ended.