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Three palm trees. The history of the creation of the verse three palm trees Three palm trees story

Three palm trees. The history of the creation of the verse three palm trees Three palm trees story

Eastern legend

And many years silently passed;
But a tired wanderer from a foreign land
Burning chest to the cold moisture
I have not yet bowed under the green booth,
And they began to dry from the sultry rays
Luxurious leaves and a sonorous stream.

And three palm trees began to grumble at God:
“Is that what we were born for, to wither here?
Without use in the desert we grew and bloomed,
Shaken by the whirlwind and the heat of burning,
No one's benevolent, not pleasing to the eye? ..
Yours is not right, oh heaven, a holy sentence!

And only fell silent - in the distance blue
The golden sand was spinning like a pillar,
Discordant sounds rang out,
Packs covered with carpets were full of carpets,
And he walked, swaying like a boat in the sea,
Camel after camel, exploding sand.

Dangling, hung between hard humps
Patterned floors of camping tents;
Their swarthy hands sometimes raised,
And black eyes sparkled from there ...
And, leaning towards the bow,
The Arab heated the black horse.

And the horse reared up at times,
And he jumped like a leopard struck by an arrow;
And white clothes beautiful folds
On the shoulders of the Faris curled in disarray;
And with a cry and a whistle rushing across the sand,
He threw and caught a spear at a gallop.

Here a caravan approaches the palm trees, noisily:
In the shadow of their cheerful camp spread out.
Jugs sounding filled with water,
And, proudly nodding with a terry head,
Palm trees welcome unexpected guests,
And the cold stream generously waters them.

But as soon as dusk fell to the ground,
The ax pounded on the elastic roots,
And pets of centuries fell without life!
Their clothes were torn off by small children,
Their bodies were then chopped up,
And slowly burned them with fire until morning.

When the fog rushed to the west,
The caravan made its own way;
And then sad on barren soil
Only gray and cold ashes could be seen;
And the sun burned the dry remnants,
And then they were blown away by the wind in the steppe.

And now everything is wild and empty around -
Leaves with a rattling key do not whisper:
In vain does he ask the prophet for a shadow -
Only hot sand brings it
Yes, the kite is crested, the steppe is unsociable,
Prey torments and pinches over it.

Analysis of the poem "Three Palm Trees" by Lermontov

The poem "Three Palm Trees" was written by Lermontov in 1838. In structure, it goes back to one of Pushkin's. But if in Pushkin's work life triumphs over death, then Lermontov has the opposite meaning: nature dies from a rough human touch. The poet lays in the poem the motive of deep doubt about the legitimacy of human activity.

At the beginning of the work, a picture of a harmonious natural idyll is depicted. Deep in the desert is an oasis with three palm trees. In the midst of the barren sands, burned by the sun, they feed on a cold spring, which they themselves give protection from the scorching rays. No human has ever set foot in the oasis. This infuriates the palm trees. They turn to God with a complaint that their beauty and saving coolness are wasted. Palm trees are unhappy that they can not bring any benefit.

God heard the appeal of three palm trees and sent a large caravan to the oasis. Lermontov gives him a detailed colorful description. The caravan symbolizes human society as a whole: its wealth, the beauty of women and the courage of men. The arrival of a noisy crowd of people dispelled the monotony and boredom that reigned in the oasis. The palm trees and the stream are glad to be disturbed in their loneliness. They generously endow people with what they most need on a tedious journey: life-giving coolness and water.

The members of the caravan gained strength and rested, but instead of the well-deserved gratitude, the palm trees accept their death. People ruthlessly cut down trees and use them as firewood at night. In the morning the caravan continues on its way, leaving behind only a heap of ashes, which also soon disappears. Nothing remains in place of a beautiful oasis. The once merrily murmuring spring is gradually covered with sand. The sad picture is emphasized by the “crested kite”, cracking down on its prey.

The main idea of the poem is that people from birth are ruthless and ungrateful. They seek only to satisfy their own needs. When people are weak, they will gladly take advantage of the help offered, but as soon as they get stronger, they will immediately try to benefit from it. Nature is most defenseless against the greed of man. He doesn't care at all to save her. After man, only ashes and waterless deserts remain.

Three palm trees also showed human stupidity. Instead of enjoying their serene existence, they wanted more. Palm trees suffered a divine punishment, as you need to be grateful for what you already have. It is not worth murmuring against God and expressing immoderate desires if you do not know what they can lead to.

Reading M. Yu. Lermontov's poem "Three Palm Trees", you involuntarily think: have I brought much benefit to the world, or maybe I belong to people who want to bask at the fire of someone else's misfortune? Lermontov created real masterpieces. For example, his landscape lyrics. How vividly he was able to convey the beauty of nature in all its colors, with all its moods! Many of the poet's works are filled with sadness, tragedy, and the author saw the reason for this tragedy in the unfair structure of the world. An example is his poem "Three Palms".
The poem "Three Palm Trees" surprises with its brilliance and power. It also made a great impression on the outstanding Russian critic V. G. Belinsky. “What imagery! - so you see everything in front of you, and once you see it, you will never forget it! A marvelous picture - everything shines with the brightness of oriental colors! What picturesqueness, musicality, strength and strength in every verse...”, he wrote.
In Syria, this poem by Lermontov has been translated into Arabic, and children in schools learn it by heart.

The action takes place against the backdrop of beautiful oriental nature.

Three palm trees
(Eastern legend)

In the sandy steppes of the Arabian land
Three proud palm trees grew high.
A spring between them from barren soil,
Murmuring, breaking through a cold wave,
Stored, under the shade of green leaves,
From sultry rays and flying sands.
And many years silently passed;
But a tired wanderer from a foreign land
Burning chest to the cold moisture
I have not yet bowed under the green booth,
And they began to dry from the sultry rays
Luxurious leaves and a sonorous stream.
And three palm trees began to grumble at God:
“Is that what we were born for, to wither here?
Without use in the desert we grew and bloomed,
Shaken by the whirlwind and the heat of burning,
No one's benevolent, not pleasing to the eye? ..
Yours is not right, oh heaven, a holy sentence!

Vasily Ivanovich Kachalov, real name Shverubovich (1875-1948) - the leading actor of the Stanislavsky troupe, one of the first People's Artists of the USSR (1936).
The Kazan Drama Theatre, one of the oldest in Russia, bears his name.
Thanks to the outstanding qualities of his voice and artistry, Kachalov left a noticeable mark in such a special kind of activity as the performance of works of poetry (Sergey Yesenin, Eduard Bagritsky, etc.) and prose (L. N. Tolstoy) in concerts, on the radio, in recordings on gramophone plates.

In the famous poem by Mikhail Lermontov “Three Palms”, green beauties unsuccessfully wait for travelers to rest in the shade of their branches. The icy stream of spring water murmurs among the desert near the palm trees. And those who so dream of giving rest and coolness to tired travelers continue to be tormented by loneliness. Nobody stops under the palm trees.

And then the palm trees turned to God with flour: ". The sky showed interest, the request turned into a caravan. The travelers settled down under the sprawling trees, began to fill the jugs with clean water from the source. It seems that there she is, an idyll, a beautiful picture of happiness and tranquility. But at night, heartless travelers, having rested, cut down palm trees to the root. They burned out in a merciless flame.

Only a spring on barren soil remained. Now there is no one to cover it from drying up, and it is no longer so full-flowing and cool. And the proud palm trees, which so wanted to please people with a shadow, fell for nothing.

The poet calls to hate human cruelty and senseless aggression. The miniature, of course, has an allegorical sound. And palm trees are the prototypes of those who fell in the struggle for a brighter tomorrow and human values. The poem, thanks to its wise conclusion, resembles a small philosophical poem that can be read and re-read and find new accents for reflection...

Picture or drawing Three palm trees

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"Three Palms" "THREE PALMS", ballad L. (1839), the themes and images of a cut - defeated beauty, disastrous contact with the "other" world, etc. - are included in the system of L.'s late ballad creativity. land” (the convention is stipulated by the subtitle “Eastern legend”). With a stylized geographical and ethnographic the accuracy of the ballad of the event is given here outside of time coordinates. A number of images of "Three Palms" is continued in the ballad "Dispute" (1840). A force that threatens to conquer the Caucasus. mountains and distort their beauty, is drawn in the "Dispute" historically specifically, this is Russian. troops led by political expediency; but this force also approaches the "heroes" of the ballad in the form of a motley procession, similar to the procession of the caravan in "Three Palms". There are text matches up to dep. words: “The ax rattled on the elastic roots” and “In the depths of your gorges / The ax will rattle,” predicts Kazbek Shat-mountain. In both ballads there is a motive of "careless", although at the same time utilitarian, pragmatic. relationship of man to nature. However, both ballads have in mind the tragic. the clash of their "heroes" with the laws of being, hidden from their spiritual gaze, beyond their understanding (hence the providentially unjustified murmur of palm trees against God). "Three palm trees" lie in the sphere of art. L.'s meditations on beauty and death. In the ballad "Tamara" the image of beauty that kills is given, in "Three palm trees" - beauty that is killed: "Their bodies were chopped up later, / And they slowly burned them until morning with fire"; folklore studies. a variant of the same idea is the ballad "Sea Princess". The destruction of beauty in The Dispute is a forced, natural consequence of progress; in “Three Palms” it is more complicated: destruction is a consequence of the desire of beauty, as it were, to surpass itself, to unite with usefulness. L. does not reject the possibility of such a pairing, but anxiously reflects on its unforeseeable consequences. In the ballad, Lermont was refracted in a new way. the motive of thirst for action (cf. Action and feat in Art. Motives): inactive being is drawn by the poet as fruitless and disastrous for the palms themselves: “And they began to dry from the sultry rays / Luxurious leaves and a sonorous stream.” But unlike other verses, where guilt for impracticability or tragic. consequences to.-l. “accomplishments” were assigned to the world hostile to the hero, here the victim herself shares the guilt in her death along with the human world alien to her: allegorical. ballad atmosphere verse. admits various interpretations : the procession of the caravan is conveyed as a natural, spontaneous movement; but it can also be read as a fatal answer to the murmur of the three palms; the artistic solution of this philosophical theme is embodied by Lermontov in the antithesis of "sound" - "silence". According to the main plot motif (murmur of palm trees against God), verse (4-foot amphibrach), stanza (six-line type aaBBss) and Lermont's oriental coloring. the ballad correlates with the IX "Imitation of the Koran" by A. S. Pushkin, as pointed out by N. F. Sumtsov (A. S. Pushkin, Kharkov, 1900, pp. 164-74). This connection is polemical. character. Verse. Pushkin is optimistic, it captures the legend of a miracle that happened in the desert; the weary traveler plunges into a mortal sleep, but he wakes up, and a renewed world awakens with him: “And then a miracle happened in the desert: / The past was revived in new beauty; / The palm-tree shady head again trembles; / Again the well is filled with coolness and haze. L. contrasts the miraculous revival in Pushkin with devastation: “/ / In vain does he ask the prophet for a shadow - / Only hot sand brings him in.” An earlier source of verse. and Pushkin, and L. - “Song of an Arab over the grave of a horse” by V. A. Zhukovsky (1810). Just like "Three palm trees" L. and verse IX. "Imitations of the Koran" by Pushkin, "Song" written in 4-foot amphibrach; The action takes place in the desert. An Arab, mourning a horse killed in battle, believes that he and his horse friend will meet after death. Main motives-realities of all three verses. identical: an Arab - a desert - a cool shadow - a horse (in Pushkin, it is reduced - "donkey"). But, arguing with Pushkin, L. at the same time offends Zhukovsky's "Song ...". Arab in verse. Zhukovsky does evil, and the death of a horse can be regarded as retribution for the perfect murder of an enemy. The Arab does even more evil in Three Palms, but, unlike the hero Zhukovsky, he does not receive retribution: the careless Arab and his horse are full of life: “And, tilting the lean body to the bow, / The Arab hot the black horse.” Thus, “Three palm trees” (if we consider the verse of L. in “reverse perspective, as a product of a single literary process in Russian literature of the 1st half of the 19th century), contrary to chronology, turn out to be peculiar “ preface" to Zhukovsky's "Song ...": the events of "Three Palms" seemed to precede the tragedy that befell his hero. In 1826 in the journal. "Slav" (No. 11) appeared verse. P. Kudryashov "Arab in love". The Arab admires his horse: “He rushed, he raced, he flew like a whirlwind ... / The sand rose behind the flying mountain!” ... “I raced against the enraged enemies. / Blow of an ax and blow of a mace / Lie down with a deadly thunderstorm on heads! ". But the Arab saw the beautiful girl and forgot about the horse: “Like a young palm tree, so the maiden is slender; / She captivates with magical beauty. Kudryashov's orientation towards Zhukovsky is undeniable. He is imitative and does not pretend to be independent. However, the possibility is not ruled out that his verse. echoed in the ballad of L., who had the exception. lit. memory: a number of speech turns and motives of the ballad (a blow of an ax, the image of a young and slender palm tree, etc.) are closest to the motives of the verse. P. Kudryashov. Thus, L. completes the prevailing in Russian. lyric cycle conditionally orientalistic. poems, at the origins of which is Zhukovsky. “Three palm trees” is the last word in an almost 30-year-old poetic. competition, in which both the classics and the amateur poet participated. Such a desire to complete a certain line of development of poetry for L. characteristic. The ballad was highly appreciated by V. G. Belinsky: “The plasticity and relief of images, the convexity of forms and the bright brilliance of oriental colors - merge poetry with painting in this play” (IV, 534).

Caravan. ill. V. D. Polenova. Black watercolor. 1891.

Verse. illustrated by more than 20 artists, incl. P. Bunin, M. A. Zichy, V. M. Konashevich, A. I. Konstantinovsky, D. I. Mitrokhin, A. A. Oya, V. D. Polenov, I. E. Repin, V. Ya. Surenyants, M. Ya. Chambers-Bilibina, A. G. Yakimchenko. Set to music by P. A. Manykin-Nevstruev, V. M. Ivanov-Korsunsky; A. A. Spendiarov owns a symphony. painting "Three palm trees". To the music Spendiarova M. M. Fokin staged the ballet The Seven Daughters of the Mountain King (1913), which was based on the idea of verse. L. Autograph unknown. For the first time - "OZ", 1839, No. 8, dep. III, p. 168-170; dated 1839 (1st half) according to L.'s "Poems" (1840).

Lit.: Belinsky, vol. 4, p. 534-35; Chernyshevsky, vol. 3, p. 110; Shevyrev, With. 532; Maikov W., critical. experiments, St. Petersburg, 1891, p. 257-58; Neumann(1), p. 107-09; Distiller G. O. Criticism of poetic. text, M., 1927, p. 81-82; Veltman S., East in art. literature, M. - L., 1928, p. 148-49; Zdobnov, With. 267; From the notebook, "Lit. critic", 1939, book. 1, p. 187-88; Neustadt, With. 198; Good(1), p. 412-13; Eichenbaum(7), p. 69 [same, see Eichenbaum(12), p. 112-13]; Peisakhovich(1), p. 455-56; Fedorov(2), p. 121-22; Odintsov G. F., Faris in “Three Palms” M. Yu. L., “Rus. speech”, 1969, No. 6, p. 94-96; Korovin(4), p. 94-96; Udodov(2), p. 197-99; Chicherin(1), p. 413; Maymin, With. 132-33; Nazirov R. G., Reminiscence and paraphrase in "Crime and Punishment", in the book: Dostoevsky. Materials and research, vol. 2, L., 1976, p. 94-95; Naiditsch E. E., Selected by the poet himself (On the collection of poems. L. 1840), "RL", 1976, No. 3, p. 68-69; Potebnya A. A., From lectures on the theory of literature, in his book: Aesthetics and poetics, M., 1976, p. 550-52; Zhizina A. D., Poem. M. Yu. L. “Three Palms”, “Rus. speech”, 1978, No. 5.

V. N. Turbin Lermontov Encyclopedia / USSR Academy of Sciences. In-t rus. lit. (Pushkin. House); Scientific-ed. Council of the publishing house "Sov. Enzikl."; Ch. ed. Manuilov V. A., Editorial staff: Andronikov I. L., Bazanov V. G., Bushmin A. S., Vatsuro V. E., Zhdanov V. V., Khrapchenko M. B. - M .: Sov. Encycl., 1981

See what "Three Palms" is in other dictionaries:

"Three Palms"- THREE PALMS, about one-act ballet to music. A. A. Spendiarova, scene. and ballet. E. Ya. Changa. November 29, 1964, Treasury im. Spendiarova, art. M. Avetisyan, conductor A. M. Voskanyan; Three palm trees J. A. Kalantyan, A. G. Marikyan, L. I. Mityai, Stream V. Sh.… … Ballet. Encyclopedia

TRANSLATIONS AND STUDIES OF LERMONTOV IN THE LITERATURES OF THE PEOPLES OF THE USSR. The connections of L.'s creativity with the liters of the peoples of the USSR are numerous and diverse, they were implemented in different ways and carried out in individual liters, arose in different time depending on the… … Lermontov Encyclopedia

MUSIC and Lermontov. Music in the life and work of L. The first muses. L. owes his impressions to his mother. In 1830 he wrote: “When I was three years old, there was a song that made me cry; I can’t remember her now, but I’m sure that if I had heard her, she would ... ... Lermontov Encyclopedia

TRANSLATIONS AND STUDIES OF LERMONTOV ABROAD. The degree of L.'s fame in a given country largely depends on the intensity of that country's cultural ties with Russia in the past, and then with the USSR. His poems and prose gained the greatest popularity in ... ... Lermontov Encyclopedia

RUSSIAN LAKES and Lermontov's heritage. Creativity L. found an interpretation of preim. in one of the types arts and crafts in painting miniatures made on papier-mâché items (coated with black lacquer) by masters of plank beds. artistic crafts ... ... Lermontov Encyclopedia

ILLUSTRATION OF THE WORKS OF Lermontov. During the life of the poet, his work. not illustrated. The exception is 3 auth. illustrations preserved in manuscripts: frontispiece to the poem "Prisoner of the Caucasus" (gouache, 1828), cover of the poem "Circassians" (pen, ... ... Lermontov Encyclopedia

Russian composer (born in 1871), student of N. Klenovsky and Rimsky Korsakov. His main works: a quartet on Pushkin's words "The Bird of God", a minuet "Berceuse", a concert overture for an orchestra, a quartet on words ... ... Big biographical encyclopedia

- (1871 1928), owls. composer and conductor. In 1895 he wrote a romance on the verses of L .: “They loved each other” (included in his collection: Four romances for voice with accompaniment by the piano, St. Petersburg, 1899), in 1901 the romance “Palestine Branch” for a vocal quartet with ... ... Lermontov Encyclopedia

The poem "Three Palms".

Perception, interpretation, evaluation

The poem "Three Palms" was written by M.Yu. Lermontov in 1839. In the same year it was published in the journal Otechestvennye Zapiski. Thematically, the work is connected with such poems as “Song of an Arab over the grave of a horse” by V.A. Zhukovsky, "Imitation of the Quran" by A.S. Pushkin. However, Lermontov's work is to a certain extent polemical in relation to the works of his predecessors.

We can attribute the poem to philosophical lyrics, with landscape elements. His style is romantic, the genre is indicated by the author himself in the subtitle - "oriental legend". The researchers also noted the features of the ballad genre in this work - the dramatic nature of the plot with a general laconic style, the small volume of the poem, the presence of a landscape in the beginning and ending, the lyricism and musicality of the work, the presence of the tragically insoluble.

Compositionally, we can distinguish three parts in the poem. The first part is a beginning, a description of a wonderful oasis in the desert: “three proud palm trees” with luxurious, juicy leaves, a cold stream. The second part includes the plot, plot development, climax and denouement. The “proud palm trees” are dissatisfied with their fate, they began to grumble against God and their own fate:

“Is that what we were born for, to wither here?

No one's benevolent, not pleasing to the eye? ..

However, according to the poet, it is impossible to grumble at fate. The palm trees got what their soul craved so much: a “jolly” caravan came to them. Nature appears here as kind and hospitable towards people:

And the cold stream generously waters them.

People turn out to be cruel and heartless in relation to the "pets of the centuries." Not noticing the beauty of powerful, strong trees, they demonstrate their utilitarian, pragmatic attitude towards nature:

Their clothes were torn off by small children,

Their bodies were then chopped up,

And slowly burned them until the morning with fire.

The poet here perceives nature as creature. The picture of the death of palm trees is terrible, terrible. The world of nature and the world of civilization are tragically opposed by Lermontov. The third part of the poem contrasts sharply with the first:

And now everything is wild and empty around -

Leaves with a rattling key do not whisper:

In vain does he ask the prophet for a shadow - Only the hot sand brings him in. Yes, the crested kite, the unsociable steppe,

At the end of the poem, we again return to the place where the “three proud palm trees” grew, where the same icy spring beats. Thus, we have a ring composition, the first and third parts of which are antithetic.

The poem has a variety of interpretations in literary criticism. It is generally accepted to analyze the work as an allegorical philosophical parable, the meaning of which is the retribution of a person for grumbling at God, at own destiny. The price of this pride, according to Lermontov, is one's own soul.

Another interpretation connects the image of three beautiful palm trees with the motif of ruined beauty. The same theme is present in M.Yu. Lermontov in the poem "Dispute", in the ballad "Sea Princess". According to the poet, the beauty in "Three Palms" is ruined precisely because it sought to unite with the benefit. However, this is basically impossible, unattainable.

The researchers also noted the religious and Christian symbolism of this poem. So, the serene, idyllic landscape at the beginning of the poem reminds us of the Garden of Eden (according to legend, it was located on the site of the Arabian desert). The murmuring of palm trees at their own fate is nothing but sin. The retribution for sin is chaos brought into the world of peace and harmony. The contact of three beautiful palm trees with people is the penetration of evil spirits, demons into the inner world of a person, which ends with the death of his soul.

The poem is written in four-foot amphibrach. The poet uses various means of artistic expression: epithets (“three proud palm trees”, “luxurious leaves”, “sonorous stream”), personification (“The palm trees of unexpected guests greet”), anaphora and comparison (“And the horse reared up at times, And jumped like a leopard struck by an arrow,

The personality of Mikhail Lermontov is mysterious, and his work is so deep and meaningful that it seems as if these works were created by a very mature person, wise over the years.

At the time when M. Yu. Lermontov wrote "Three Palm Trees", he was only twenty-four years old. But this work is not only a brilliant example of landscape lyrics, here the poet shows himself as a wonderful narrator and thinker. Let's try to prove this by using the methods of literary analysis applicable to the poem and retelling it summary.

"Three Palms"

Lermontov thought hard about the main issues human life, about the strength of passions and the power of the spirit. With his bright dynamic narrative, whether it be lyrics or prose, the poet drew the reader into the orbit of his thoughts. That is why we do not remain indifferent to his heroes and events described in the works of the master. This fully applies to the poem, which is sometimes called the Three Palms ballad.

What is the subtext?

What and who are three palm trees in the ballad of the same name, created by M. Yu. Lermontov? Of course, these are not just three slender trees growing in the middle of the desert. They are both the personification of human suffering and quest, and an allegory of a rebellious spirit, and a symbol of the tragic contradictions of this world. The work is multi-layered. Removing layer by layer, we will come to the innermost idea of the author.

He placed in his "oriental legend" in an oasis, where a spring breaks out of the earth. The first stanza of the ballad is dedicated to this landscape sketch. In this tiny living world in the middle of a barren and sultry desert, there is a kind of idyll built on harmony: a spring nourishes and refreshes the roots of three trees ascending to the sky, and dense foliage, in turn, shelters a weak source from the scorching sun and hot wind. Years go by and nothing changes. Suddenly, the palm trees begin to grumble, express dissatisfaction with the fact that their life is supposed to be worthless and boring. Immediately, a many-voiced caravan appears in the distance, people with shouts and laughter approach the oasis, having reached it, they shamelessly use all the benefits that nature has in store for them: they are saturated with water, they chop down palm trees to make a fire, and at dawn they leave the place, continuing their journey . Then the wind will scatter the ashes of the burnt palms, and the unprotected spring will dry up under the unbearably hot sun. This is the summary.

Three palm trees as a symbol of rebellion against the Divine will

It is no coincidence that from the first lines Lermontov assigns them the epithet "proud". From a biblical point of view, pride, pride is a grave vice and sin. Indeed, palm trees were not satisfied with the good fate that God determined for them, they were indignant: there is no one who could appreciate their beauty and grandeur, therefore, life is wasted! God directed events along a different path, which turned into death for the palm trees. The tragedy of the situation does not hide even the retelling of the ballad, which fits into a summary. Lermontov likened to a three-part human being, consisting of a body, soul and spirit, in which all three parts rebelled, and therefore there was not even a trace left of the oasis (the prototype of a harmonious person), and only an unsociable kite sometimes kills and torments its prey in the place where was meant to celebrate life.

Ecological pathos of the poem "Three palm trees"

The main characters of the work found themselves in fatal opposition: the trees hospitably received their guests, intending not only to show off, but also to bestow what they have. The oasis gave people rest, freshness, moisture, shelter in the wild desert. But evening came, people froze and chopped palm trees for firewood to keep warm. They acted naturally, but ungratefully and thoughtlessly, they destroyed what should have been saved. This question is relevant not only because today people often do the same. The ecological problem is closely connected with the moral problem. The barbaric actions of the caravaners are an indirect consequence of the murmuring of palm trees before God: the poet shows what happens when absurd self-will violates the original order of things.

Artistic techniques

The plot of the ballad is very dynamic, it intrigues the reader like an entertaining story. “Three Palms” is generally a very elegant poetic work in terms of form. Let's pay attention to what epithets the author chooses to emphasize the conflict of the ballad. Tall palm trees appear before us in the luxury of thick juicy leaves, the stream is sonorous, cool and generous, and the merry caravan is full of colorful clothes, packs, tents, eyes shining. The author skillfully creates a tension of anxiety as travelers approach the oasis, where they will be graciously greeted by three palm trees. An analysis of the speech structure of the verse emphasizes this feeling; the description of the caravan is dominated by verbs and nouns. The sand "spun in a column", the floors of the tents "hung, dangling", the Arab "hot" the horse, which "raised on its hind legs and jumped like a leopard", the folds of clothes "curled in disorder", and the young man "with a cry and whistle" threw and caught flying spear. The peace and tranquility of the paradise is hopelessly destroyed.

Murder story

Using personification, Lermontov turns the sketch of the travelers' camp into such a dramatic story about feelings and death that the heart shrinks. Palm trees from the very beginning appear before us as living beings. They, like people, grumble, fall silent, then greet the newcomers favorably, nodding their “terry heads”, and when axes pounded on their roots, they fall without life. The author likens the trunks to chopped bodies subjected to the torture of slow burning, and the leaves to clothes that were torn off and taken away by small children. After that, a lifeless and static picture of death and desolation appears before us.

Sound writing of the verse

Alliterations and intonational accents strike with accuracy. Pauses, questions, exclamations, embarrassment and reflection, conveyed by ellipsis, allow you to see and hear what is happening, to experience it emotionally. Abundance is consistent with the story of the serene life of palm trees, and the appearance of hissing sounds heralds the invasion of disharmony, which is about to come. The poem is written in three-foot amphibrach, which according to the regularity corresponds to the genre declared by the author - “oriental legend” or, in other words, a parable.

Finally

These are some of the strokes of the analysis of this work, the main conclusions and a summary. "Three palm trees" Lermontov, no doubt, dedicated to his favorite theme of loneliness and dissatisfaction of the soul, longing for something more significant that surrounds it in everyday life. That is why a vivid feeling is born in our heart that the author does not agree with God's judgment, although he understands its regularity and justice.

This work was born in 1838 and belongs to the ballad genre. As you know, ballads usually contained a special philosophical meaning. The main characters are three palm trees, they are located in the Arabian desert, where a person has never been before. Around them surrounds the stream, which brought to life environment magic, saved all life from the scorching sun.

This poem has several themes. One of them is the interaction between man and nature. Lermontov clearly noted the fact that people often do not appreciate what is around and spoil the beauty with their neglectful attitude. The philosophy of the three palm trees is religious in nature, based on the biblical idea of the ongoing processes of the universe. Lermontov is sure that God can give everything you ask. But the other side is the question of whether a person will be happy with what he will receive. Therefore, it is also possible to single out the theme of pride in the poem, because this quality haunts many.

This ballad contains 10 stanzas, six lines each, written in four-foot amphibrach. Separately, one can single out the acute conflict of the plot, a clear composition, saturation and vivid images. Many epithets, metaphors, comparisons, personifications were used.

"Analysis of the poem "Three palm trees.""

In all his works, Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov encourages people to think, but most often the author expresses his feelings of loneliness and hidden sadness, his attraction to another world, a world of fantasies and dreams. And in the poem "Three Palm Trees" the poet poses to all readers the worried question about the meaning of being.

In the sandy steppes of the Arabian land, among the hot sand and the sultry wind, three palm trees grew. Their wide green leaves kept the spring from sultry rays and flying sands. An oasis in the desert enlivens everything with its appearance. However, it was not in vain that the author used the epithet “proud palm trees” in the first stanza. They began to grumble, rejecting the justice of the Creator, and the Lord at the same time fulfilled their desire, thereby punishing and destroying them. A rich caravan approached the oasis.

And the cold stream generously waters them.

It would seem that palm trees have finally benefited people. However, caravaners have a completely different outlook on life, they care only about their own comfort. Without thinking, people ruthlessly cut down trees, destroyed the oasis in order to spend just one night by the fire. In the morning, people left the oasis, leaving behind only the ashes of palm trees and a stream, which is destined to die from sultry rays and flying sands.

Both sides are guilty in the poem: palm trees and people. Palm trees were too proud, they did not understand that perhaps their main purpose is to keep the source of life in the sandy steppes. The Creator cannot wish evil to his creations, and it is He who gives each his destiny. However, the proud palm trees dared to doubt His justice, they were not content with what they had. Self-will sometimes brings a lot of trouble. Unfortunately, palm trees were not given to comprehend this meaning, just as some people are not given to understand the value of someone else's life.

Many people complain about their fate, cursing everything and everyone, but soon everyone, sooner or later, comes to one thing: everything that is done is for the better.

The image of caravaners is associated with the image of people who do not know how to value someone else's life. Whether it is the life of a person, an animal, a plant, or at least a small insect, any life is priceless, and everyone in this world has its own purpose, which, it would seem, is so unimportant, but in fact it can change a lot.

Lermontov writes that the caravaners cut down the only palm trees in the desert, and their children plucked the greenery from them. Young children, by their nature, do not think about the actions they have committed, they simply "copy" the behavior of adults. After all, for them, adults are smart uncles and aunts who know everything in the world and always do the right thing. And what an example caravan parents set for their children. What are they teaching their kids? This problem has always been one of the most actual problems as well as at the present time. Such an act of caravan parents suggests that sometimes people are unreasonable, insensitive, selfish and immoral.

In this work, epithets are often found from figurative and expressive means, for example: proud palm trees, flaming breasts, elastic roots, etc. The author uses such colorful epithets in order to add some color and accuracy to the picture of the poem.

Romanticism is well expressed in the poem. This is clearly reflected in the poet's desire for a higher, ideal world, as well as in the fact that the author mentions God. Lermontov is trying to show how low and immoral the real world is.

The work has a rich intonation pattern. There are punctuation marks, pauses, exclamations, questions, hyphens and dots. For example, in the third stanza there is a question mark connected to an ellipsis:

No one's benevolent, pleasing gaze ...

Probably, during this sign of questioning and dots, the palms, having finished their speeches, fall into a little thought, and then, as if a thought illuminates them, they come to the conclusion:

Yours is not right, oh heaven, a holy sentence!

The size of the poem is a two-syllable three-foot amphibrach. Rhyme is a sextine with an adjacent rhyme.

All his life, M. Yu. Lermontov reflected on important life issues, and he tried to express his own thoughts in his lyrics. Three problems can be identified in the poem "Three Palm Trees": the problem of excess pride and self-will, the problem of immorality and the problem of education. The author seems to involve readers in his reflections, revealing to us the most cherished of what lies in the depths of the human soul.

Other writings on this work

M.Yu. Lermontov "Three palm trees": analysis of the poem

Mikhail Lermontov wrote Three Palms in 1838. The work is a poetic parable with a deep philosophical meaning. There are no lyrical heroes here, the poet revived nature itself, endowed it with the ability to think and feel. Mikhail Yuryevich very often wrote poems about the world around him. He loved nature and was kind to her, this work is an attempt to reach the hearts of people and make them be kinder.

Lermontov's poem "Three Palms" tells of three palm trees growing in the Arabian desert. A cold stream flows between the trees, turning the lifeless world into a beautiful oasis, a piece of paradise, which at any time of the day or night is ready to shelter the wanderer and quench his thirst. Everything would be fine, but palm trees are bored alone, they want to be useful to someone, and they grow in a place where no human has set foot. As soon as they turned to God with a request to help them fulfill their destiny, a caravan of merchants appears on the horizon.

Palm trees gladly meet people, nodding their shaggy tops, but the beauty of the surrounding places is indifferent to them. Merchants took full jugs of cold water, and trees were cut down to make a fire. The once blooming oasis turned into a handful of ash overnight, which was soon dispelled by the wind. The caravan left, and only a lonely and defenseless stream remained in the desert, drying up under the hot rays of the sun and carried by flying sand.

"Be careful what you wish for - sometimes it comes true"

Lermontov "Three Palms" wrote to reveal the nature of the relationship between man and nature. People very rarely appreciate what the world around them gives them, they are cruel and heartless, they think only about their own benefit. Guided by a momentary whim, a person, without hesitation, is able to destroy the fragile planet on which he himself lives. An analysis of Lermontov's poem "Three Palm Trees" shows that the author wanted to make people think about their behavior. Nature cannot defend itself, but it is capable of revenge.

From a philosophical point of view, the poem contains religious themes. The poet is convinced that you can ask the Creator for whatever your heart desires, but will the end result satisfy you? Everyone has their own destiny, life goes on as it is destined from above, but if a person refuses to put up with it and begs for something, then such a rush can lead to fatal consequences - this is what Lermontov warns the reader about.

Three palm trees are prototypes of people who are characterized by pride. The heroines do not understand that they are not puppeteers, but only puppets in the hands of others. Often we strive for some cherished goal, we try to speed up events, by all means we try to translate desires into reality. But in the end, the result brings not pleasure, but disappointment, the goal set does not meet expectations at all. Lermontov wrote "Three Palm Trees" to repent of his sins, to understand the motives of his own actions and to warn other people from striving to get what does not belong to them by right. Sometimes dreams do come true, turning not into joyful events, but into disaster.

Analysis of the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Three palm trees"

The poem about three palm trees was written in 1838. The main theme of the work is the relationship of man to nature. A person does not appreciate all the blessings of nature, he is indifferent to them and does not think about the consequences. Lermontov did not understand this attitude and tried to change people's attitude to nature through his poems. He called to appreciate nature and protect it.

The poem begins with the story that there are three palm trees in the desert. A stream flows near them, they are an oasis in the middle of the desert. They are in a place where no human foot has set foot. Therefore, they turn to God and complain about their fate. They believe that they are standing in the desert without any purpose, but they could save a lost traveler with their shadow.

Their request was heard, and a caravan came out to the three palm trees. People at first rested under the shade of palm trees and drank icy water, but in the evening they mercilessly cut down trees to kindle a fire. Only ashes remained from the palm trees, and the stream was left without protection from the scorching sun. As a result, the stream dried up, and the desert became lifeless. It was not worth the palms to complain about their fate.

According to the genre, "Three Palms" refers to a ballad written in four-foot amphibrach. The poem has a clear storyline. Lermontov used such artistic means as metaphors (flaming breasts), epithets (luxurious leaves, proud palm trees), personifications (leaves whisper, palm trees greet). With the help of personification, the poet compares palm trees with people. People are always dissatisfied with their lives and ask God to change something. Lermontov makes it clear that not everything we ask for can bring good.

"Three palm trees" M. Lermontov

"Three Palms" Mikhail Lermontov

And just fell silent - in the distance blue
The golden sand was spinning like a pillar,
Discordant sounds rang out,
Packs covered with carpets were full of carpets,
And he walked, swaying like a boat in the sea,
Camel after camel, exploding sand.

Analysis of Lermontov's poem "Three Palm Trees"

Mikhail Lermontov's poem "Three Palms" was written in 1838 and is a poetic parable with a deep philosophical meaning. The main characters of the story are three palm trees in the Arabian desert, where no human foot has yet set foot. A cold stream flowing among the sands turned the lifeless world into a magical oasis, "kept, under the shade of green leaves, from sultry rays and flying sands."

The idyllic picture drawn by the poet has one significant flaw, which is that this piece of paradise is inaccessible to living beings. Therefore, proud palm trees turn to the Creator with a request that he help them fulfill their destiny - to become a refuge for a lonely traveler lost in a gloomy desert. From the words are heard, and soon a caravan of traders appears on the horizon, who are indifferent to the beauties of the green oasis. They do not care about the hopes and dreams of proud palm trees, which will soon be destined to die under blows of axes and become fuel for the fires of cruel guests. As a result, the blooming oasis turns into a pile of "gray ashes", the stream, having lost the protection of green palm leaves, dries up, and the desert takes on its original appearance, gloomy, lifeless and promising inevitable death to any traveler.

In the poem "Three Palm Trees" Mikhail Lermontov touches upon several topical issues at once. The first of these concerns the relationship between man and nature. The poet notes that people are cruel by nature and rarely appreciate what the world around them gives them. Moreover, they are inclined to destroy this fragile planet for their own benefit or a momentary whim, not thinking that nature, not endowed with the ability to defend itself, still knows how to take revenge on its offenders. And this revenge is no less cruel and ruthless than the actions of people who believe that the whole world belongs only to them.

The philosophical meaning of the poem "Three Palms" is of a pronounced religious nature and is based on the biblical idea of the processes of the universe. Mikhail Lermontov is convinced that you can ask God for anything. However Will the petitioner be happy with what he gets? After all, if life goes on as usual, as it is destined from above, then there are reasons for this. An attempt to refuse humility and acceptance of what is determined by fate can lead to fatal consequences. And the theme of pride that the poet raises is close not only to him, but also to his generation - reckless, cruel and not aware that a person is just a puppet in someone's hands, and not a puppeteer.

The parallel that Mikhail Lermontov draws between the life of palm trees and people is obvious. Trying to fulfill our dreams and desires, each of us strives to speed up events and achieve the intended goal as soon as possible. However, few people think about the fact that the end result can bring not satisfaction, but deep disappointment. since the goal is often mythical and does not live up to expectations at all. In turn, disappointment, which in the biblical interpretation is called despondency, is one of the greatest human sins, as it leads to self-destruction of both the soul and the body. This is a high price to pay for the pride and self-confidence that most people suffer from. Realizing this, Mikhail Lermontov tries, with the help of a parable poem, not only to understand the motives of his own actions, but also to protect others from the desire to get what is not intended for them. After all, dreams tend to come true, which often turns into a real disaster for those who put their desires much higher than their capabilities.

"Three palm trees", analysis of Lermontov's poem

The poem of the mature period "Three Palms" was written by M. Lermontov in 1838. It was first published in Otechestvennye Zapiski in 1839.

In a poem that is by genre ballad. the poet used a number of Pushkin's images from the "Imitation of the Koran", the same meter and stanza. However, in terms of meaning, Lermontov's ballad is polemical in relation to Pushkin's poem. The author fills it with philosophical content, putting at the forefront the question of the meaning of human life .

The philosophical meaning of the poem has a clear religious connotation, and the whole poetic parable is saturated biblical symbolism. The number of palms symbolizes the three components of the human soul: mind, feelings and will. The spring acts as a symbol of the spirit that connects a person with the source of life - God. The oasis symbolizes paradise; it is no coincidence that the poet places the action of the ballad in "steppes of the Arabian land". It was there, according to legend, that the Garden of Eden was located. Epithet "proud" in relation to palm trees, it symbolizes human pride and the presence of original sin. "Dirty Hands" and "black eyes" Arabs, chaos and disorder ( "discordant sounds". "screaming and whistling". "exploding the sand") indicate evil spirits. The complete rupture of the human soul with God and its possession by evil spirits is expressed by the line: "Jugs sounding filled with water". The human soul perishes "ax" Moors, and the caravan follows the next victim to the west, the direction opposite to the place where God resides. Revealing the meaning of human life, Lermontov calls to be more attentive to his soul. Pride and rejection of humility, acceptance of what is predetermined by God can lead to tragic consequences - the destruction of both the soul and the body.

In the poem, Lermontov raises and relationship between man and nature. people do not appreciate what nature gives them. They seek to destroy it for the sake of momentary desires or profit, without thinking about the consequences. Condemning people for their consumerist attitude to the world around them, the poet warns that defenseless nature can still take revenge on offenders, and this revenge will be as ruthless and cruel as the actions of people who imagine themselves to be kings of nature.

The poem has ring composition. based on receiving an antithesis life and death in the first and last stanzas. The first stanza vividly paints an idyllic picture of a magical oasis in the vast desert. In the last stanza, the oasis becomes "gray and cold" ashes, the stream carries hot sand, and the desert again becomes lifeless, promising the travelers inevitable death. With the help of such an organization of the poem, Lermontov emphasizes the whole tragedy of a person in a catastrophic situation.

Narrative in nature, the work has clear story line. The main characters of the poem are "Three Proud Palms". unwilling to live "useless" and dissatisfied with their fate, they begin to grumble at the Creator: “Your wrong, oh heaven, holy sentence!”. God heard their displeasure, and miraculously a rich caravan appeared near the palm trees. Its inhabitants quenched their thirst "cold water" from the stream, rested in the fertile shade of friendly palm trees, and in the evening they cut down the trees without regret: “The ax pounded on the elastic roots, / And the pets of centuries fell without life!”. Proud palm trees were punished for not being content with their lot, but for daring "murmur at God" .

The ballad consists of 10 six-line stanzas written tetrameter amphibrach. three-syllable foot with stress on the second syllable. The poem is distinguished by an acute conflict of the plot, a clear composition, rhythmic organization of the verse, lyrical richness and vivid imagery. Lermontov unusually widely uses various means of expression. epithets (sonorous stream, luxurious leaves, proud palm trees, barren soil, terry head), metaphors (the sand spun like a column, a flaming chest), comparisons(people - "small children". caravan "walked, swaying like a shuttle in the sea"), personifications (the spring made its way, the leaves whisper with a thundering stream, the palm trees greet unexpected guests). Personifications allow you to see in images "proud palm trees" people who are dissatisfied with their lives. When describing the felling of palm trees, alliteration"r" sound.

In the poem "Three Palms" Lermontov managed to combine the vivid transmission of the beauty of oriental nature in all its colors and the most important philosophical questions that have been of concern to more than one generation.

Listen to Lermontov's poem Three palm trees

Themes of neighboring essays

Picture for the essay analysis of the poem Three palm trees

(Eastern legend)

In the sandy steppes of the Arabian land
Three proud palm trees grew high.
A spring between them from barren soil,
Murmuring, breaking through a cold wave,
Kept under the shade of green leaves
From sultry rays and flying sands.

And many years passed silently ...
But a tired wanderer from a foreign land
Burning chest to the icy moisture
I have not yet bowed under the green booth,
And they began to dry from the sultry rays
Luxurious leaves and a sonorous stream.

And three palm trees began to grumble at God:
“Is that what we were born for, to wither here?
Without use in the desert we grew and bloomed,
Shaken by the whirlwind and the heat of burning,
No one's benevolent, not pleasing to the eye? ..
Yours is not right, oh heaven, a holy sentence!

And just fell silent - in the distance blue
The golden sand was spinning like a pillar,
Bells were heard discordant sounds,
Packs covered with carpets were full of carpets,
And he walked, swaying like a shuttle in the sea,
Camel after camel, exploding sand.

Dangling, hung between hard humps
Patterned floors of camping tents,
Their swarthy hands sometimes raised,
And black eyes sparkled from there ...
And, leaning towards the bow,
The Arab heated the black horse.

And the horse reared up at times,
And he jumped like a leopard struck by an arrow;
And white clothes beautiful folds
On the shoulders of the Faris curled in disarray;
And, with a cry and a whistle, rushing along the sand,
He threw and caught a spear at a gallop.

Here a caravan approaches the palm trees, noisily,
In the shadow of their cheerful camp spread out.
Jugs sounding filled with water,
And, proudly nodding with a terry head,
Palm trees welcome unexpected guests,
And the cold stream generously waters them.

But as soon as dusk fell to the ground,
The ax pounded on the elastic roots,
And pets of centuries fell without life!
Their clothes were torn off by little children,
Their bodies were then chopped up,
And slowly burned them until the morning with fire.

When the fog rushed to the west,
The caravan made its own way,
And after the sad on barren soil
Only gray and cold ashes could be seen.
And the sun burned the dry remnants,
And then they were blown away by the wind in the steppe.

And now everything is wild and empty around -
Leaves with a rattling key do not whisper.
In vain does he ask the prophet for a shadow -
Only hot sand brings it
Yes, the kite is crested, the steppe is unsociable,
Prey torments and pinches over it.

Analysis of Lermontov's poem "Three Palm Trees"

The poem "Three Palms" was created in 1838 and is a poetic parable, which has a deep philosophical meaning. The main characters of the story are three palm trees in the Arabian desert, where no human foot has yet set foot. A cold stream flowing among the sands turned the lifeless world into a magical oasis, "kept, under the shade of green leaves, from sultry rays and flying sands."

The idyllic picture painted by the poet has one significant flaw, which is that this piece of paradise is inaccessible to living beings. Therefore, proud palm trees turn to the Creator with a request that he help them fulfill their destiny - to become a refuge for a lonely traveler lost in a gloomy desert. From the words are heard, and soon a caravan of traders appears on the horizon, who are indifferent to the beauties of the green oasis. They do not care about the hopes and dreams of proud palm trees, which will soon be destined to die under blows of axes and become fuel for the fires of cruel guests. As a result, the blooming oasis turns into a pile of "gray ashes", the stream, having lost the protection of green palm leaves, dries up, and the desert takes on its original appearance, gloomy, lifeless and promising inevitable death to any traveler.

The parallel that Mikhail Lermontov draws between the life of palm trees and people is obvious. Trying to fulfill our dreams and desires, each of us strives to speed up events and achieve the intended goal as soon as possible. However, few people think about the fact that the end result can bring not satisfaction, but deep disappointment, since the goal often turns out to be mythical and does not meet expectations at all. In turn, disappointment, which in the biblical interpretation is called despondency, is one of the greatest human sins, as it leads to self-destruction of both the soul and the body. This is a high price to pay for the pride and self-confidence that most people suffer from. Realizing this, Mikhail Lermontov tries, with the help of a parable poem, not only to understand the motives of his own actions, but also to protect others from the desire to get what is not intended for them. After all, dreams tend to come true, which often turns into a real disaster for those who put their desires much higher than their capabilities.