The main characters of the work are a wild dog dingo. About the story R

Perhaps the most popular Soviet book about teenagers did not become so immediately after the first publication in 1939, but much later - in the 1960s and 70s. This was partly due to the release of the film (with Galina Polskikh in the title role), but much more due to the properties of the story itself. It is still regularly republished, and in 2013 it was included in the list of one hundred books recommended for schoolchildren by the Ministry of Education and Science.

Psychologism and psychoanalysis

Cover of Reuben Fraerman's story " wild dog Dingo, or The Tale of First Love. Moscow, 1940
"Detizdat of the Central Committee of the Komsomol"; Russian State Children's Library

The action covers six months in the life of fourteen-year-old Tanya from a small Far Eastern town. Tanya grows up in an incomplete family: her parents broke up when she was eight months old. Her mother is a doctor and is constantly at work, her father lives in Moscow with his new family. A school, a pioneer camp, a garden, an old nanny - this would be the end of life, if not for the first love. The Nanai boy Filka, the son of a hunter, is in love with Tanya, but Tanya does not reciprocate his feelings. Soon, Tanya's father arrives in the city with his family - his second wife and adopted son Kolya. The story describes Tanya's complex relationship with her father and half-brother - from hostility she gradually turns to love and self-sacrifice.

For Soviet and many post-Soviet readers, "Wild Dog Dingo" remained the standard of a complex, problematic work about the life of adolescents and their growing up. There were no sketchy plots of socialist realist children's literature - reforming losers or incorrigible egoists, fighting external enemies or glorifying the spirit of collectivism. The book described the emotional story of growing up, gaining and realizing one's own "I".


"Lenfilm"

AT different years critics called the main feature of the story a detailed depiction of teenage psychology: conflicting emotions and thoughtless actions of the heroine, her joys, sorrows, love and loneliness. Konstantin Paustovsky argued that "such a story could only be written by a good psychologist." But was the "Wild Dog Dingo" a book about the love of the girl Tanya for the boy Kolya? [ At first, Tanya does not like Kolya, but then she gradually realizes how dear he is to her. Tanya's relationship with Kolya is asymmetrical until the last moment: Kolya confesses her love to Tanya, and Tanya in response is ready to say only that she wants "Kolya to be happy." The real catharsis in the scene of Tanya and Kolya's love explanation does not occur when Kolya talks about his feelings and kisses Tanya, but after the father appears in the predawn forest and it is to him, and not to Kolya, Tanya says words of love and forgiveness.] Rather, this is a story of a difficult acceptance of the very fact of the divorce of the parents and the figure of the father. Along with her father, Tanya begins to better understand - and accept - her own mother.

The further, the more noticeable is the author's acquaintance with the ideas of psychoanalysis. In fact, Tanya's feelings for Kolya can be interpreted as a transfer, or transfer, as psychoanalysts call the phenomenon in which a person unconsciously transfers his feelings and attitude towards one person to another. The initial figure with which the transfer can be carried out is most often the closest relatives.

The climax of the story, when Tanya saves Kolya, literally pulling him out of a deadly snowstorm, immobilized by a dislocation, is marked by an even more obvious influence of psychoanalytic theory. Almost in total darkness, Tanya pulls the sledges with Kolya - “for a long time, not knowing where the city is, where the coast is, where the sky is” - and, already almost losing hope, suddenly buries her face into her father’s overcoat, who went out with his soldiers in search of his daughter and adopted son: “...with her warm heart, which had been looking for her father in the whole world for so long, she felt his closeness, recognized him here, in the cold, death-threatening desert, in complete darkness.”

A shot from the film "Wild Dog Dingo", directed by Yuliy Karasik. 1962
"Lenfilm"

The very scene of a death ordeal, in which a child or teenager, overcoming his own weakness, performs a heroic deed, was very characteristic of socialist realist literature and for that branch of modernist literature that was focused on depicting courageous and selfless heroes alone opposing the elements [ for example, in the prose of Jack London or the story beloved in the USSR by James Aldridge "The Last Inch", though written much later than Fraerman's story]. However, the result of this test - Tanya's cathartic reconciliation with her father - turned the passage through the blizzard into a strange analogue of a psychoanalytic session.

In addition to the parallel “Kolya is the father”, there is another, no less important parallel in the story: this is Tanya’s self-identification with her mother. Almost until the very last moment, Tanya does not know that her mother still loves her father, but she feels and unconsciously accepts her pain and tension. After the first sincere explanation, the daughter begins to realize the full depth of her mother's personal tragedy and, for the sake of her peace of mind, decides to make a sacrifice - leaving her hometown [ in the scene of Kolya and Tanya's explanation, this identification is depicted quite openly: going to the forest for a date, Tanya puts on her mother's white medical coat, and her father says to her: "How you look like your mother in this white coat!"].

A shot from the film "Wild Dog Dingo", directed by Yuliy Karasik. 1962
"Lenfilm"

How and where Fraerman got acquainted with the ideas of psychoanalysis is not exactly known: maybe he independently read Freud's works in the 1910s, while studying at the Kharkov Institute of Technology, or already in the 1920s, when he became a journalist and writer. It is possible that there were also indirect sources here - primarily Russian modernist prose, which was influenced by psychoanalysis [Fraerman was clearly inspired by Boris Pasternak's story "The Childhood of Luvers"]. Judging by some features of The Wild Dog Dingo, for example, the leitmotif of the river and flowing water, which largely structures the action (the first and last scenes of the story take place on the river bank), Fraerman was influenced by the prose of Andrei Bely, who was critical of Freudianism, but he himself constantly returned in his writings to "oedipal" problems (this was noted by Vladislav Khodasevich in his memoir essay on Bely).

"Wild Dog Dingo" was an attempt to describe the inner biography of a teenage girl as a story of psychological overcoming - above all, Tanya overcomes estrangement from her father. This experiment had a distinct autobiographical component: Fraerman was very upset by the separation from his daughter from his first marriage, Nora Kovarskaya. It turned out to be possible to defeat alienation only in emergency circumstances, on the verge of physical death. It is no coincidence that Fraerman calls the miraculous rescue from the snowstorm Tanya's battle "for his living soul, which in the end, without any road, the father found and warmed with his own hands." Overcoming death and the fear of death is clearly identified here with finding a father. One thing remains incomprehensible: how the Soviet publishing and journal system could let a work based on the ideas of psychoanalysis banned in the USSR go into print.

Order for a school story

A shot from the film "Wild Dog Dingo", directed by Yuliy Karasik. 1962
"Lenfilm"

The theme of parental divorce, loneliness, the depiction of illogical and strange teenage actions - all this was completely out of the standard for children's and teenage prose of the 1930s. In part, the publication can be explained by the fact that Fraerman was fulfilling a state order: in 1938 he was assigned to write a school story. From a formal point of view, he fulfilled this order: the book contains a school, teachers, and a pioneer detachment. Fraerman fulfilled another publishing requirement formulated at the editorial meeting of Detgiz in January 1938 - to depict childhood friendship and the altruistic potential inherent in this feeling. Yet this does not explain how and why a text was published that went so far beyond the traditional school story.

Scene

A shot from the film "Wild Dog Dingo", directed by Yuliy Karasik. 1962
"Lenfilm"

The story takes place on Far East, presumably in the Khabarovsk Territory, on the border with China. In 1938-1939, these territories were the focus of the Soviet press: first, because of the armed conflict on Lake Khasan (July-September 1938), then, after the release of the story, because of the fighting near the Khalkhin-Gol River, on the border with Mongolia. In both operations, the Red Army entered into a military clash with the Japanese, human losses were great.

In the same 1939, the Far East became the subject of the famous comedy film A Girl with Character, as well as a popular song based on poems by Yevgeny Dolmatovsky, The Brown Button. Both works are united by an episode of the search for and exposure of a Japanese spy. In one case, this is done by a young girl, in the other, by teenagers. Fraerman did not use the same plot move: the story mentions border guards; Tanya's father, a colonel, comes to the Far East from Moscow on official assignment, but the military-strategic status of the place of action is no longer exploited. At the same time, the story contains many descriptions of the taiga and natural landscapes: Fraerman fought in the Far East during the Civil War and knew these places well, and in 1934 he traveled to the Far East as part of a writers' delegation. It is possible that for editors and censors, the geographical aspect could be a weighty argument in favor of publishing this unformatted story from the point of view of socialist realist canons.

Moscow writer

Alexander Fadeev in Berlin. Photograph of Roger and Renata Rössing. 1952
Deutsche Fotothek

The story was first published not as a separate edition in Detgiz, but in the adult venerable magazine Krasnaya Nov. From the beginning of the 1930s, the magazine was headed by Alexander Fadeev, with whom Fraerman was on friendly terms. Five years before the release of "Wild Dog Dingo", in 1934, Fadeev and Fraerman found themselves together on the same writer's trip to the Khabarovsk Territory. In the episode of the arrival of the Moscow writer [ a writer from Moscow comes to the city, and his creative evening is held at the school. Tanya is instructed to present flowers to the writer. Wanting to check if she really is as pretty as they say at school, she goes to the locker room to look in the mirror, but, carried away by looking at her own face, knocks over the bottle of ink and heavily soils her palm. It seems that disaster and public disgrace are inevitable. On the way to the hall, Tanya meets the writer and asks him not to shake hands with her, without explaining the reason. The writer plays out the scene of giving flowers in such a way that no one in the hall notices Tanya's embarrassment and her soiled palm.] there is a great temptation to see the autobiographical background, that is, the image of Fraerman himself, but this would be a mistake. As the story says, the Moscow writer "was born in this city and even studied at this very school." Fraerman was born and raised in Mogilev. But Fadeev really grew up in the Far East and graduated from high school there. In addition, the Moscow writer spoke in a “high voice” and laughed in an even thinner voice - judging by the memoirs of his contemporaries, this was exactly the voice Fadeev had.

Arriving at Tanya's school, the writer not only helps the girl in her difficulty with her hand stained with ink, but also heartfeltly reads a fragment of one of his works about the farewell of his son to his father, and in his high voice Tanya hears "copper, the ringing of a pipe, to which stones respond ". Both chapters of The Wild Dog Dingo, dedicated to the arrival of the Moscow writer, can thus be regarded as a kind of homage to Fadeev, after which the editor-in-chief of Krasnaya Nov and one of the most influential officials of the Union of Soviet Writers should have treated Fraerman's new story with special sympathy .

Great terror

A shot from the film "Wild Dog Dingo", directed by Yuliy Karasik. 1962
"Lenfilm"

The theme of the Great Terror is quite distinguishable in the book. The boy Kolya, the nephew of the second wife of Tanya's father, ended up in their family for unknown reasons - he is called an orphan, but he never talks about the death of his parents. Kolya is excellently educated, knows foreign languages: it can be assumed that his parents not only took care of his education, but were themselves very educated people.

But that's not even the point. Fraerman takes a much bolder step, describing the psychological mechanisms of exclusion of a person rejected and punished by the authorities from the team where he was previously welcomed. At the complaint of one of the school teachers, an article is published in the district newspaper that turns the real facts by 180 degrees: Tanya is accused of dragging her classmate Kolya to skate for fun, despite the snowstorm, after which Kolya was ill for a long time. After reading the article, all the students, except for Kolya and Filka, turn away from Tanya, and it takes a lot of effort to justify the girl and break public opinion. It is hard to imagine a work of Soviet adult literature in 1939, where such an episode would appear:

“Tanya used to feel her friends always next to her, to see their faces, and when she saw their backs now, she was amazed.<…>... In the locker room, he also did not see anything good. In the darkness between the hangers, children were still crowding around the newspaper. Tanya's books were thrown from the mirror to the floor. And right there, on the floor, lay her board [ doshka, or dokha, - a fur coat with fur inside and out.], given to her recently by her father. They walked on it. And no one paid attention to the cloth and beads with which it was sheathed, to its piping of badger fur, which shone like silk underfoot.<…>... Filka knelt down in the dust among the crowd, and many stepped on his fingers. But nevertheless, he collected Tanya's books and, grabbing Tanya's board, tried with all his might to pull it out from under his feet.

So Tanya begins to understand that the school - and society - are not ideally arranged and the only thing that can protect against herd feeling is friendship and loyalty of the closest, trusted people.

A shot from the film "Wild Dog Dingo", directed by Yuliy Karasik. 1962
"Lenfilm"

This discovery was completely unexpected for children's literature in 1939. The orientation of the story to the Russian literary tradition of works about teenagers, associated with the culture of modernism and literature of the 1900s - early 1920s, was also unexpected.

In teenage literature, as a rule, they talk about initiation - a test that transforms a child into adults. Soviet literature of the late 1920s and 1930s usually depicted such initiation in the form of heroic deeds associated with participation in the revolution, civil war collectivization or dispossession. Fraerman chose a different path: his heroine, like the teenage heroes of Russian modernist literature, goes through an internal psychological upheaval associated with the awareness and re-creation of her own personality, finding herself.

The writing

In the chapter where the meeting of the New Year is described, Tanya will experience jealousy, after which, finally, a clear awareness of the feeling that owns her heart comes. The next day, she reflects: “... maybe it really is love, about which fat-cheeked Zhenya speaks without any conscience? Well, let love. Let her ... But I will dance with him today on the Christmas tree. And I'm going to the skating rink. I won't bother them at all. I'll stand there on the edge behind the snowdrift and just watch how they ride. And maybe some strap will untie on his skate. Then I will tie it with my own hands. Yes, I will definitely do that.”

And then she will order herself to forget about Kolya, will try to force herself not to think about him. Let it hurt, let it be unthinkably difficult, she will convince herself that “there are better joys in the world than this, and probably easier ones.”

But what all these spells are worth, all these reasonable arguments, we will learn very soon from the chapter in which the terrible storm is described. Abandoned by Zhenya, Kolya is about to die. Tanya rushes to his rescue. She will show herself to be a true heroine, able to enter into a desperate battle with a terrible element in order to save her beloved. She will pick up a weakening friend and mutter to him: “Do you hear me, Kolya, dear?”

Tanya will do, it seems, the impossible: she will even leave a faithful guard near Kolya, who is unable to move, - her dog Tiger, then sacrifice the poor dog, make her way through a terrible snow storm behind the sledges, and when the sledge stops, the towline will burst, and the dogs will rush off into the snowy darkness, - Tanya herself will pull the sled, finally, exhausted, take on her weakened friend and hold out with him until the arrival of the border guards, led by her father. In this scene, she will not hide her feelings, she will openly express her tenderness, her courage, and her love.

On this high note, in essence, the story of the first love will end, or rather, the first love itself will end there. Tanya decides that it is better for her and her mother to leave so as not to see Kolya, her father, Filka anymore.

When Kolya finds out about this and asks in bewilderment about the reason for leaving, Tanya, with her usual directness and firmness, will answer:

* “Yes, I thought so. Let your father stay with you and with Aunt Nadia - she is also kind, he loves her. And I will never leave my mother. We need to get out of here, I know that.
* - But why? Tell me? Or do you hate me like you used to?
* - Never tell me about it, - Tanya said dully. - What happened to me at first, I don't know. But I was so afraid when you came to us. It's my father, not yours. And maybe that's why I was unfair to you. I hated and feared. But now I want you to be happy, Kolya ... "

After this scene, some readers may be perplexed: well, Tanya fought, suffered, showed true courage, even risked herself and suddenly voluntarily gave up everything. Is this not a bad whim of her explosive nature? Moreover, Kolya, after listening to Tanya, answers her not with Onegin's coldness, but passionately objects.

"- No no! - he shouted in excitement, interrupting her. - I want you to be happy, and your mother, and father, and aunt Nadia. I want everyone to be happy. Can't this be done?

Tanya does not immediately answer this, she thinks intently, and then speaks.

And I would like everyone to be happy, - Tanya said, relentlessly looking into the distance, at the river, where at that time the sun rose and trembled. - And so I came to you. And now I'm leaving. Farewell, the sun has already risen.

Tanya will not pull away when Kolya kisses her on the cheek in a minute. This is the only kiss young heroes for the whole story, but he will no longer excite the girl, will not change anything in her relationship with Kolya. For Tanya finally decided everything, she decided consciously, having carefully thought through the whole difficult situation. And the decision she made is not a retreat, it is her victory. Victory over herself, over her feelings, allowing her to act in full accordance with her convictions. This is strength of character. This victory was given in a difficult struggle, the more precious and instructive it is.

About love, and therefore, about happiness, a short conversation will come again in this chapter. Having met her father, Tanya will put his hand on her shoulder, stroke her, for the first time kiss the infinitely dear parental hand.

* “- Dad,” she says, “my dear dad, forgive me. I used to be angry with you, but now I understand everything. No one is to blame, not me, not you, not mom. Nobody! After all, there are many, many people in the world who deserve love. Truth?
* "True," he said.

This is true, the path to it turned out to be thorny, but Tanya overcame everything, she courageously climbed to that peak, from which everything was revealed to her with sufficient clarity. Now her rebellious soul finds peace, she knows what to do, how to live and move on.

So, all questions have been resolved, everything has been said, all points have been put on 1. Young Tanya Sabaneeva is clear to us: she looks like an ordinary schoolgirl, but we had the opportunity to look into her inner world and see how deep, strong, courageous and active she is. And the fact that all these qualities manifested themselves in the most everyday environment, in the most ordinary everyday life, in purely everyday affairs, is especially valuable. This is exactly what I think. so brings the reader closer to the main character of "The Tale of First Love ...", convinces that resilience, courage, courage, moral purity and nobility are manifested and needed not only in exceptional circumstances, but also in everyday life. The story of Tanya Sabaneeva is remarkable, especially for her peers, and also because she shows with all the frankness of the truth what trials a young heart undergoes when the first strong feeling takes possession of it.

The story of the first love is completed, but the story is not finished yet. All major issues relating to Tanya's relationship with Kolya and with her father have been resolved. But one secondary, but still important issue for the story, has not yet been resolved. Throughout the book, the main character is relentlessly, like a shadow, followed by Filka, not without reason called the faithful Sancho Panza. Tapya has been friends with this wonderful Nanai boy for a long time, she really appreciates his friendship.

At the very beginning of the story, we read: “This is who will be my true friend,” she decided. “I will not exchange him for anyone. Doesn't he share with me everything he has, even the smallest?

The main character of the story, Tanya Sobaneeva, was left without a father when she was eight months old. The father went to another woman and adopted the boy Kolya. In the future, the father will come with a new family to the city where Tanya lives with her mother. The girl holds a grudge against her father and is always in conflict with Kolya, who also taunts Tanya. Then mutual sympathy will arise between them. The girl had a good friend, Filka, who was secretly in love with her. Because of his jealousy, he always arranged intrigues for Kolya.

The story teaches that there is only one step from hatred to love and vice versa. The earth is round, you can never promise something, everything can change in an instant.

Read Fraerman's Wild Dog Dingo Summary

The plot of the work revolves around two comrades Tanya Sabaneeva and Filka, who were in a health camp and are already on their way home. Tanya wants to receive a Dingo dog as a gift. But only the Tiger, a small puppy, and a nanny are waiting for the heroine at home, her mother is not at home, she is forced to work hard, since she alone provides for the family, Tanya's father left the family when she was not even a year old.

Filka tells her friend that his father bought huskies for him, he praises his dad, they have an ideal relationship. The girl does not really like this, the topic of paternity is difficult and unpleasant for her. Tanya states that her father lives on Maroseyki Island. The guys look at the map and do not find such a place, the girl gets angry and walks away.

Tanya accidentally finds a letter from her father. It turns out that the father comes with a new family to live in the same city. Tanya is upset, she is still angry with her father, because he left her and her mother, and left for another woman. Mom often talks with Tanya, and asks not to hold a grudge against her father.

Tanya knew the day when her father was to appear. She decided to meet him with a bouquet. But she never saw her father. Frustrated, the girl gave the flowers to a random stranger in a wheelchair. Later, she finds out that it was Kolya, her father's adopted child.

That difficult moment has come - the meeting of father and daughter after many years.

Kolya is enrolled in the class where Tanya is studying. He sits at the same desk with Filka. Kolya is in constant conflict with Tanya because of his father. He is a smart, diligent, purposeful guy. But Tanya is constantly mocked.

The children learn that a famous writer is coming to town soon. There is a struggle for who will give a bouquet of flowers to him. There are two main contenders for this place - Zhenya and Tanya. In the end, Tanya wins. She is extremely happy, because this is such an honor for her. While Tanya opened the box, she spilled ink on her hand. Cole noticed this. Relations between them began to improve. The boy even made an offer to Tanya - to go to the Christmas tree together.

Has come New Year. Something incomprehensible is going on in Tanya's soul. Only recently she hated her father's new wife and Kolya. And now she has the warmest feelings for him. Waiting for him, constantly thinking about him. Filka is jealous of Tanya for Kostya, because he is not indifferent to her.

Dancing. Filka deceives everyone. He tells Tanya that Kolya will go skating with Zhenya, and Kolya says that he will go with Tanya to watch a school play. The situation is heating up. Out of nowhere, a strong swirl begins. Tanya, with all her strength, goes to the skating rink to inform her friends about this. Zhenya got scared and quickly ran to her house. Kolya injured his leg during the fall, so he could not walk. Tanya goes to Filka and takes a team with dogs. She is brave and determined. At one point, the dogs became uncontrollable, then the heroine was forced to give them her puppy. It was a huge loss for her. Kolya and Tanya are fighting to the last for their lives. The blizzard is getting stronger. Tanya, risk own life, assists Kolya. Filka told the border guards that the children were in danger. They went in search of them.

Here come the holidays. Tanya and a friend visit Kolya, who has received frostbite of body parts.

Beginning of the school year. There are bad rumors about Tanya. Everyone believes that it is she who is to blame for what happened to Kolya. Tanya is upset because she wants to be excluded from the pioneers, she cries, because it is absolutely not her fault in what happened to her friend. She was simply wrongfully accused. Everything was cleared up when Kolya tells everyone the true information.

Tanya goes home. There she talks with her mother about justice, about the meaning of life. Mom tells her that she wants to leave the city. Tanya understands that it is hard for her mother to be close to her father, as she still has feelings for him.

Tanya tells Filka that she wants to see Kolya. Filka informs Tanya's father about this.

Forest. Dawn. Meeting at Cape Koli and Tanya. Kolya confessed his feelings to the girl for the first time. Tanya tells him that soon she and her mother will leave the city. The boy is upset. Tanya admits that it was a difficult year for her. She doesn't want to hurt anyone. Kolya kisses her. The meeting is interrupted, the father and Filka come. Together they go home.

Summer. Tanya says goodbye to a friend who can hardly hold back her tears. The girl leaves.

A picture or drawing of a wild dog Dingo

The story begins with Bulgakov's reminiscences of an abandoned area where he started working as a doctor. He did everything alone, was responsible for everything, without having a quiet moment. Having moved to the city, he is happy to be able to simply read special literature.

  • Summary The Endless Book (story) Michael Ende

    After the death of his mother, the life of ten-year-old Bastian Bux turned into a continuous melancholy. At school, his peers are pestering him for slowness and strangeness, his father is busy with his experiences, and the boy's only friends are books about adventures.

    • “There are books,” M. Prilezhaeva wrote, “which, having entered a person’s heart from childhood and youth, accompany him all his life. They console him in grief, cause reflection, and rejoice.” This is exactly what became for many generations of readers the book of Ruvim Isaevich Fraerman "The Wild Dog Dingo, or The Tale of First Love". Published in 1939, it caused a heated discussion in the press; filmed in 1962 by director Y. Karasik - attracted even closer attention: the film was awarded prizes at two international film festivals; played in a radio show by famous actors, glorified by the famous song of Alexandra Pakhmutova - she soon firmly entered the school curriculum in Far Eastern literature.

    R. I. Fraerman created the story in the village of Solotcha, Ryazan Region, but the Far East, which conquered him from a young age, made the scene of his work. He confessed: "I knew and fell in love with all my heart and the majestic beauty of this region, and its poor<…>peoples. I especially fell in love with the Tungus, these cheerful, tireless hunters who, in need and disaster, managed to keep their souls clean, loved the taiga, knew its laws and the eternal laws of friendship between man and man.

    There, I saw many examples of friendship between Tungus teenage boys and Russian girls, examples of true chivalry and devotion in friendship and love. There I found my Filka."

    Filka, Tanya Sabaneeva, Kolya, their classmates and parents living in a small Far Eastern town - these are the heroes of Fraerman's work. Ordinary people. And the plot of the story is simple: the girl will meet her father, who once left the family, she will have a difficult relationship with the new family of her father, whom she loves and hates at the same time ...

    But why is this story about first love so attractive? “Harmonious, created as if in one breath,” notes E. Putilova, “like a poem in prose, the story is small in volume. But how many events, destinies it contains, how many changes occur with the characters on its pages, how many important discoveries! this one is far from serene, and the strength of Fraerman's book, its enduring charm, perhaps lies in the fact that the author, believing in his reader, boldly and openly showed how dearly love is given to a person, which sometimes turns into torment, doubts, sorrows, suffering. And at the same time, how the human soul grows in this love. " And according to Konstantin Paustovsky, Reuben Isaevich Fraerman "is not so much a prose writer as a poet. This determines a lot both in his life and in his work. The power of Fraerman's influence lies mainly in his poetic vision of the world, in the fact that life appears before us on the pages of his books in his beautiful essence.<…>prefers to write for youth rather than adults. The immediate youthful heart is closer to him than the wise heart of an adult.

    The world of a child's soul with its inexplicable impulses, dreams, admiration for life, hatred, joys and sorrows is revealed by the writer. And first of all, this applies to Tanya Sabaneeva, the main character of the story by R. I. Fraerman, whom we meet in an idyllic setting of pristine nature: the girl sits motionless on a stone, the river pours noise over her; her eyes are lowered, but “their gaze, tired of the brilliance scattered everywhere over the water, was not fixed. She often took it aside and directed it into the distance, where the round mountains, overshadowed by the forest, stood above the river itself.

    The air was still bright, and the sky, constrained by mountains, seemed like a plain among them, slightly illuminated by the sunset.<…>She slowly turned on the stone and slowly walked up the path, where a tall forest descended towards her along the gentle slope of the mountain.

    She entered him boldly.

    The sound of water running between the rows of stones remained behind her, and silence opened before her.

    At first, the author does not even name his heroine: it seems to me that he so wants to preserve the harmony in which the girl is at this moment: the name is not important here - the harmony between Man and Nature is important. But, unfortunately, there is no such harmony in the soul of a schoolgirl. Thoughts, disturbing, restless, do not give Tanya peace. She thinks all the time, dreams, tries "to imagine in her imagination those unexplored lands where and from where the river runs." She wants to see other countries, another world ("Wanderlust" took possession of her).

    But why does the girl want to run away from here so much, why is she not now attracted to this air, familiar to her from the first days of her life, not this sky, not this forest?

    She is alone. And this is her misfortune: "it was empty around<…>The girl was left alone"; "no one is waiting for me in the camp"; "Alone, so we are left with you. We are always alone<…>she alone knew how this freedom weighed on her.

    What is the reason for her loneliness? The girl has a house, a mother (although she is at work in the hospital all the time), Filka's friend, a nanny, a Cossack cat with kittens, a Tiger dog, a duck, irises under the window ... The whole world. But all this will not replace her father, whom Tanya does not know at all and who lives far, far away (it's the same as in Algeria or Tunisia).

    Raising the problem of incomplete families, the author makes you think about many questions. Is it easy for children to experience parental separation? What do they feel? How to build relationships in such a family? How not to bring up hatred for a parent who has left the family? But R. I. Fraerman does not give direct answers, he does not moralize. One thing is clear to him: children in such families grow up early.

    So the heroine, Tanya Sabaneeva, seriously reflects on life beyond her years. Even the nanny remarks: "You are very thoughtful<…>you think a lot." And plunging into the analysis of the life situation, the girl convinces herself that she should not love this man, although her mother never spoke badly about him. And the news of her father's arrival, and even with Nadezhda Petrovna and Kolya, who will study with her in the same class, deprives Tanya of peace for a long time.But without wanting it, the girl is waiting for her father (she wears an elegant dress, plucked irises and locusts, which he loves so much), tries to deceive herself, explaining the reasons for her behavior in a simulated conversation with her mother And even on the pier, peering at the passers-by, she reproaches herself for having succumbed to "the involuntary desire of the heart, which now beats so much and does not know what to do: just die or knock even harder?"

    It is difficult to take the first step towards a child whom I have not seen for almost fifteen years, Colonel Sabaneev, but even more difficult is his daughter. Resentment, hatred fill her thoughts, and her heart reaches out to a loved one. The wall of alienation that has grown between them over the long years of separation cannot be destroyed so quickly, so dinners with her father on Sundays become an ordeal for Tanya: “Tanya entered the house, and the dog remained at the door. How often Tanya wanted her to stay at the door, and the dog entered the house!<…>Tanya's heart was overflowing with mistrust against her will.

    But at the same time, everything attracted her here. Even the nephew of Nadezhda Petrovna Kolya, whom Tanya thinks about more often than she would like, and who becomes the object of her gloating, aggression, anger. Their confrontation (and only Tanya goes into conflict) weighs heavily on the heart of Filka, this faithful Sancho Panza, who is ready to do everything in his power for his friend. The only thing Filka cannot do is understand Tanya and help her cope with her worries, anxieties, and emotions.

    Over time, Tanya Sabaneeva begins to realize a lot, her “eyes open”, that inner hard work (and in this she looks like the heroine of Leo Tolstoy, Natasha Rostova) is bearing fruit: the schoolgirl understands that her mother still loves her father, that no one she will not be such a true friend as Filka, that pain and suffering often coexist with happiness, that Kolya, who she saved in a snowstorm, is very dear to her - she loves him. But the main conclusion that the young heroine makes helps her overcome the sadness of parting with Filka, Kolya, her hometown, childhood: “Everything cannot pass”, just disappear, cannot be forgotten “their friendship and everything that enriched them so much life forever." And this process, so important for Tanya Sabaneeva's search for spiritual harmony, the author shows through her internal monologues, which become a kind of "dialectics of the soul" of the young heroine: "What is this," thought Tanya. “He's talking about me, after all. Is it possible that everyone, and even Filka, are so cruel that they don’t let me forget for a minute what I try with all my might not to remember!”

    Being a master of creating psychologically correct human characters, "deep poetic penetration into the spiritual world of his heroes", the author almost never describes the state of mind of the characters, does not comment on their experiences. R. Fraerman prefers to remain “behind the scenes”, seeks to leave us, the readers, alone with his conclusions, paying special attention, according to V. Nikolaev, "to an accurate description of the external manifestations of the mental state of the characters - posture, movement, gesture, facial expressions, gleam of eyes everything behind which one can see a very complex and hidden from the external view struggle of feelings, a stormy change of experiences, intense work of thought... And here the writer attaches special importance to the tonality of the narration, the musical structure of the author's speech, its syntactic correspondence to the state and appearance of the given hero, the general atmosphere of the described episode. The works of R. Fraerman, so to speak, are always excellently orchestrated. Using a variety of melodic shades, he at the same time knows how to subordinate them to the general system, he will not allow himself to violate the unity of the main motive, the dominant melody ".

    For example, in the episode "On a Fishing" (Chapter 8), we observe the following picture: "Tanya was silent with gloating pleasure. But her chilled figure with an open head, thin hair curled into rings from moisture, as if saying:" Look, what a he, this Kolya, is ". The author draws a parallel between the internal state of the heroine and the state of nature: the girl is saturated with dislike for Kolya, and this morning is filled with moisture, fog and cold. After all, even elementary words of politeness flying from Kolya's mouth cause her to flare anger: "Tanya trembled with anger.

    - "Excuse me, please"! she repeated several times. - What politeness! You'd better not hold us up. We missed a bite because of you."

    And what about the beautiful description of the snowstorm, created with the help of expressive epithets, comparisons, personifications, metaphors?! This music is elemental! Wind, snow, sounds of a storm - the sound of a real orchestra: "A blizzard was already occupying the road. It was a wall, like a downpour, absorbing light and ringing like thunder between rocks.<…>High waves of snow rolled towards her [Tanya] - they blocked the way. She climbed up and down again, and went on and on, her shoulders pushing through the thick, constantly moving air, which at every step desperately clung to her clothes like thorns of creeping grasses. It was dark, full of snow, and nothing could be seen through it.<…>everything disappeared, hid in this white haze.

    How not to remember here "Buran" S.T. Aksakov or the description of a blizzard in A. S. Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter"!?

    Oddly enough, the work of Reuben Fraerman, created in the winter of 1938, when the main literary method in the country was proclaimed at the first congress of writers of socialist realism, is not like other works of this period (it is rather closer to the classics of Russian literature of the nineteenth century). The author does not make any of the characters negative, bad. And to Tanya’s tormenting question, who is to blame for what happened, her mother answers: “... people live together as long as they love each other, and when they don’t love, they don’t live together - they disperse. A person is always free. This is our law for eternity." From other works of the writer about the Far East, “Wild Dog Dingo ...” differs in that the worldview of a “natural” person, an Evenk boy, is opposed by the consciousness of Tanya Sabaneeva, confused by a number of sudden psychological problems that are associated with difficult family relationships, tormenting first love , "difficult age".

    Notes

    1. Prilezhaeva M. Poetic and gentle talent. // Fraerman R.I. Wild dog dingo, or the Tale of first love. Khabarovsk, 1988. S. 5.
    2. Fraerman R. ... Or a story about first love.// Fraerman R.I. Wild dog dingo, or a story about first love. Khabarovsk, 1988, p. 127.
    3. Putilova E. Education of feelings. // Fraerman R.I. Wild dog dingo, or the Tale of first love. Kuznetsova A.A. Honest Komsomol. Tales. Irkutsk, 1987. S. 281.
    4. http.//www.paustovskiy.niv.ru
    5. Fraerman R.I. Dingo Wild Dog, or The Tale of First Love. Khabarovsk, 1988, pp. 10–11.
    6. There. P. 10.
    7. There. S. 11.
    8. There. S. 20.
    9. There. S. 26.
    10. There. S. 32.
    11. There. S. 43.
    12. There. S. 124.
    13. Putilova E. Education of feelings. // Fraerman R.I. Wild dog dingo, or the Tale of first love. Kuznetsova A.A. Honest Komsomol. Tales. Irkutsk, 1987. S. 284.
    14. Fraerman R.I. Dingo Wild Dog, or The Tale of First Love. Khabarovsk, 1988. S. 36.
    15. Nikolaev V.I. A traveler walking beside him: Essay on the work of R. Fraerman. M., 1974. S. 131.
    16. There.
    17. Fraerman R.I. Dingo Wild Dog, or The Tale of First Love. Khabarovsk, 1988, p. 46.
    18. There. S. 47.
    19. There. pp. 97–98.
    20. There. S. 112.

    List of used literature

    1. Fraerman R.I. Dingo Wild Dog, or The Tale of First Love. Khabarovsk: Book. publishing house, 1988.
    2. Nikolaev V.I. A traveler walking beside him: Essay on the work of R. Fraerman. M.: Det. literature. 1974, 175 p.
    3. Writers of our childhood. 100 names: Biographical dictionary in 3 hours. Ch 3. M .: Liberia, 2000. Pp. 464–468.
    4. Prilezhaeva M. Poetic and gentle talent. // Fraerman R.I. Wild dog dingo, or the Tale of first love. Khabarovsk: Book. publishing house, 1988. pp. 5–10.
    5. Putilova E. Education of feelings. // Fraerman R.I. Wild dog dingo, or the Tale of first love. Kuznetsova A.A. Honest Komsomol. Novels: Irkutsk: East Siberian Book Publishing House, 1987, pp. 279–287.
    6. Russian writers of the XX century: Biographical dictionary. – M.: Great Russian Encyclopedia. Rendezvous-A.M., 2000, pp. 719–720.
    7. Fraerman R. ... Or a story about first love.// Fraerman R.I. Wild dog dingo, or a story about first love. Khabarovsk: Book. publishing house, 1988. Pp. 125–127.
    8. Fraerman R. Connection of times: Autobiography.// Aloud to myself. M.: Det. lit., 1973. Pp. 267–275.
    9. Yakovlev Yu. Afterword. // Fraerman R.I. Wild dog dingo, or the Tale of first love. M.: Det. lit., 1973. Pp. 345–349.

    The book "Wild Dog Dingo, or The Tale of First Love", according to many readers, is a work written as if specifically for young girls. It should be read at a time when you want to have fun at recess; when you have to argue with your mother about how long the skirt should be so as not to catch a cold; when all thoughts and dreams are connected with the first love. This book is exciting and exciting and at the same time very sweet, homely "cozy". This is the story of first love - a bright feeling that arose against the backdrop of evil intrigues woven by classmates, as well as family drama.

    Plot plot

    The summary of Fraerman's "Wild Dog Dingo" will not convey the whole atmosphere that captures the reader from the very first pages of the work. The main character of the book, a schoolgirl named Tanya Sabaneeva, will at first seem like all the girls of her age. Her life is the same as that of other Soviet pioneers. And the only thing that sets her apart from the rest is her desire to have a dingo dog. Tanya is the daughter of a single mother, her father left the family when the girl was only eight months old. Reading summary"Wild Dog Dingo" Fraerman, it is difficult to understand the dramatic situation in the life of the main characters. The mother tells her daughter fairy tales that her father now lives in a city called Maroseyka, but the girl does not find him on the map. Mother does not say anything bad about her father, despite the tragedy that befell her.

    unexpected news

    When Tanya returns from the children's camp, she discovers a letter that was addressed to her mother. In it, the father writes that he plans to return to the city, but now with a new family - his wife and stepson. Despite the conflicting feelings that fill her, Tanya still comes to meet her father at the pier. At the port, she cannot find her father, and gives a bouquet of flowers to a disabled boy.

    Subsequently, she learns that this is Kolya, with whom they are now relatives. She thinks a lot about her parents, but at the same time the heroine calls her father "you". "Wild Dog Dingo, or The Tale of First Love" is a book about teenage experiences, about the confusion of feelings that can be going on in the soul of young man or girls at such a tender age. The events described in the book continue to develop in the school class where Kolya appears. Tanya herself is studying in this class, as well as her friend named Filka.

    new feelings

    And now, between half-relatives, the rivalry for the attention of the parent begins, and most often it is Tanya who initiates the scandals. But gradually the girl realizes that she is beginning to have tender feelings for Kolya - she is constantly embarrassed in his presence, looking forward to his appearance. Her experiences become noticeable - her friend Filka is very dissatisfied with them, who treats her classmate with special warmth and does not want to share her company with anyone.

    The character of the main character

    Those students who need to retell a summary of Fraerman's Wild Dingo Dog should remember the path that the main characters of the book go through. It is for every teenager. friendship and betrayal, the need to make important step and finally grow up. This path awaits every hero of the book, but first of all we are talking about Tanya Sabaneeva.

    In fact, it was the main character that Reuben Fraerman described as a “wild dingo dog” - after all, she received such a nickname in a classy team for her isolation. With the help of her experiences, hopes and aspirations, the writer describes the main character traits of the heroine - the ability to sympathize, self-esteem, the ability to understand. Tanya only looks like a simple schoolgirl. In fact, she differs from her comrades in her ability to feel the beautiful, strives with all her might for truth, beauty, and justice. That is why Fraerman's "Wild Dingo Dog" reviews are the most positive. After all, the book evokes bright feelings in the reader, forcing them to empathize with the main character.

    Adulthood beyond your years

    Tanya wholeheartedly sympathizes with her mother, who continues to love her departed father; she tries to understand what is the reason for the family drama, and turns out to be capable of sound conclusions that not every adult in her place could make. Tanya's dreams of unknown countries, of an unusual dingo dog, speak of an ardent and poetic nature. The character of the main character is most clearly revealed in her tender feelings for Kolya. She gives herself to this love with all her heart, but still does not lose herself, she tries to comprehend what is happening to her.

    The summary of Fraerman's "Wild Dog Dingo" will not be able to convey all the nuances described in the book. At first, Tanya was constantly jealous of her father for Kolya, she always quarreled with the newly-made "relative". Despite the fact that Kolya nevertheless tried to make friends with his half-sister (for example, with the help of Gorky's stories), this only leads to one quarrel. A classmate named Zhenya even suggests that Tanya is in love with her stepbrother.

    Buran

    Closer to the onset of the New Year, the feelings that the main characters of Fraerman's Wild Dog Dingo experience are gradually transformed. Tanya realizes that she loves Kolya. Filka, who is in love with Tanya, takes this very hard and, after the end of the dance, decides to intrigue. He informs Tanya that Kolya and Zhenya are going to the skating rink tomorrow. And Kolya says that he plans to go with Tanya to the performance tomorrow. The next day, Tanya goes to the skating rink, but when Kolya and Zhenya appear there, she decides to forget the boy. But on the way, the weather deteriorates, a snowstorm begins, and she decides to warn her comrades. Zhenya manages to quickly escape, but Kolya falls and cannot walk.

    Further development of the plot

    Tanya rushes into the yard to Filka and takes from him the dog team, presented to Filka by her father. Tanya pulls Kolya, but the storm is getting stronger. Fortunately, on the way they come across border guards who save the lives of children. Further, Reuben Fraerman describes how Kolya's cheeks and ears were frostbitten. Tanya and Filka often visit a friend. However, when school begins again, a rumor spreads among classmates that Tanya deliberately dragged Kolya into a snowstorm to destroy him. Tanya is expelled from the pioneer organization. The girl is going through this very hard, but soon everyone will find out how things really were.

    ending

    In the end, Tanya decides to speak frankly with her mother about her problems. They decide to leave the city. The main character tells Filke about this decision and also plans to notify Kolya the next morning. Out of jealousy, Filka tells Kolya and Tanya's father everything. The father appears at the place of their meeting just at the moment when Tanya confesses her feelings to Kolya. After that, the girl leaves to say goodbye to Filka and leaves.

    The history of the creation of the book

    The history of the creation of the "Wild Dog Dingo", according to the researchers of Fraerman's work, originates during the writer's stay in the Far East, where he saw many examples of a truly chivalrous attitude of Tungus boys towards Russian girls. The plot of the book matured in the mind of the writer for several years. When, finally, the writer was ready to create a work, he retired from everyone in the Ryazan village of Solotche. Fraerman's wife recalled that the book was ready in a month. Currently, this piece is very popular among teenagers and young adults, and this is not surprising, because it discusses topics that will be relevant at all times.