Description and characteristics of mustard. Useful properties and contraindications of field mustard Agrotechnical control measures
The weed belongs to the Brassicaceae (Cruciferous) family.
Cultures.
In addition to other crops, it is most often found on spring crops.
Prevalence.
Everywhere.
Description.
Cotyledons are 5...10 mm long, 8...12 mm wide, obversely kidney-shaped. Leaves are 12...20 (up to 40) long, 7...15 mm wide, obovate, on anthocyanin petioles, covered with sparse hairs. The epicotyl is low. The hypocotyl is bare. The shoots have a mustard taste and smell.
The root is taproot, penetrates the soil by 120...157 cm and extends to the sides by 74 cm. The stem is straight, branched, rough, height 30...100 cm. The leaves are alternate, the lower ones are lyre-shaped, the upper ones are oblong. Flowers in racemes. The petals are yellow. The fruit is a cylindrical, slightly tetrahedral, coarsely hairy pod with a long spout, length 20...40 mm. The seeds are spherical, black or brownish-reddish, with a diameter of 1.25...1.75 mm. Weight of 1000 seeds is 1.5...2 g.
Weed biology.
Spring annual. Shoots appear in March - May, as well as in summer. Blooms in May - July. Fruits in July - August. The maximum fertility is 32,000 seeds, which germinate well in the light, and in the soil from a depth of no more than 6...8 cm and remain viable for up to 11 years. The germination rate of freshly ripened and immature seeds is 0.3...20% (higher in dry years). Poisonous plant. It grows in fields and pastures, near roads, in orchards and orchards (it is especially abundant in humid areas).
Conditions affecting weed development.
The minimum temperature for seed germination is 2...4 °C, the optimal is 14...20 °C, the maximum is 42...44 °C.
Preparations for protection.
Agrotechnical control measures
Compliance with agricultural technology.
Distribution and habitat
Economic importance
Synonymy
- Brassica arvensis () Rabenh.(nom. illeg.)
- Brassica arvensis var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) Thell.
- Brassica barbareifolia Ball
- Brassica caber (DC.) Wheeler
- Brassica caber var. pinnatifida (Stokes) L.C.Wheeler
- Brassica caber var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) L.C.Wheeler
- Brassica caber var. stricta (Čelak.) Shinners
- Brassica sinapis Vis.
- Brassica sinapistrum var. orientalis Samp.
- Brassica sinapistrum var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) Samp.
- Brassica xinjiangensis Y.C.Lan & T.Y.Cheo
- Crucifera sinapistra E.H.L.Krause
- Napus agriasinapis K.F. Schimp. & Spenn.
- Raphanus arvensis () Crantz
- Rhamphospermum arvense (L.) Andrz. ex Besser
- Rhamphospermum orientale Andrz.
- Sinapis arvensis var. leiocarpa Gaudin
- Sinapis arvensis var. nilotica O.E.Schulz
- Sinapis arvensis var. orientalis (L.) W.D.J.Koch & Ziz
- Sinapis arvensis var. pinnatifida Stokes
- Sinapis arvensis var. schkuhriana (Rchb.) Hagenb.
- Sinapis kaber DC.
- Sinapis retrohirsuta Besser ex Steud.
- Sinapis schkuhriana Rchb.
- Sinapis schlosseri Heuff. ex Nyman
- Sinapis torosa Gilib.
Taxonomy
View Field mustard belongs to the genus Mustard ( Sinapis) family Brassicas ( Brassicaceae) order Brassicaceae ( Brassicales).
| 44 more orders of flowering plants (according to the APG II System) | about 70 more births | |||||||||||||||
| Department Flowering, or Angiosperms | family Brassicas | view Field mustard | ||||||||||||||
| Kingdom of Plants | order Brassicas | genus Mustard | ||||||||||||||
| another 13-16 departments | 14 more families (according to the APG II System), including Caricaceae, Moringaceae, Resedaceae, Nasturtium | 4 more types | ||||||||||||||
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Notes
Literature
- Gubanov, I. A. et al. 692. Sinapis arvensis L. - Field mustard // . - M.: Scientific T. ed. KMK, Institute of Technology. research, 2003. - T. 2. Angiosperms (dicotyledonous: dicotyledonous). - P. 318. - ISBN 9-87317-128-9.
Links
- (Russian) . Database "Flora of vascular plants of Central Russia". Retrieved January 30, 2014.
- (Italian) . Website altervista.org. Retrieved January 30, 2014.
- (English) . flowersinisrael.com. Retrieved January 30, 2014.
- (German). Website floraweb.de. Retrieved January 30, 2014.
- (Russian) . Website "Humane Gardening". Retrieved January 30, 2014.
Excerpt characterizing field mustard
“Il est tres mauvais, votre jeu de mot, tres spirituel, mais injuste,” said Anna Pavlovna, shaking her wrinkled finger. – Nous ne faisons pas la guerre pour le Roi de Prusse, mais pour les bons principes. Ah, le mechant, ce prince Hippolytel [Your play on words is not good, very clever, but unfair; we are not fighting pour le roi de Prusse (i.e. over trifles), but for good beginnings. Oh, how evil he is, this Prince Hippolyte!],” she said.The conversation continued throughout the evening, focusing mainly on political news. At the end of the evening, he became especially animated when it came to the awards bestowed by the sovereign.
“After all, last year NN received a snuff box with a portrait,” said l “homme a l” esprit profond, [a man of deep intelligence,] “why can’t SS receive the same award?”
“Je vous demande pardon, une tabatiere avec le portrait de l"Empereur est une recompense, mais point une distinction,” said the diplomat, un cadeau plutot. [Sorry, a snuff box with a portrait of the Emperor is a reward, not a distinction; rather a gift.]
– Il y eu plutot des antecedents, je vous citerai Schwarzenberg. [There were examples - Schwarzenberg.]
“C"est impossible, [This is impossible," the other objected.
- Pari. Le grand cordon, c"est different... [The tape is a different matter...]
When everyone got up to leave, Helen, who had said very little all evening, again turned to Boris with a request and a gentle, significant order that he should be with her on Tuesday.
“I really need this,” she said with a smile, looking back at Anna Pavlovna, and Anna Pavlovna, with the sad smile that accompanied her words when speaking about her high patroness, confirmed Helen’s desire. It seemed that that evening, from some words spoken by Boris about the Prussian army, Helen suddenly discovered the need to see him. She seemed to promise him that when he arrived on Tuesday, she would explain this need to him.
Arriving on Tuesday evening at Helen's magnificent salon, Boris did not receive a clear explanation of why he needed to come. There were other guests, the countess spoke little to him, and only saying goodbye, when he kissed her hand, she, with a strange lack of a smile, unexpectedly, in a whisper, said to him: Venez demain diner... le soir. Il faut que vous veniez… Venez. [Come for dinner tomorrow... in the evening. I need you to come... Come.]
On this visit to St. Petersburg, Boris became a close person in the house of Countess Bezukhova.
The war was flaring up, and its theater was approaching the Russian borders. Curses against the enemy of the human race, Bonaparte, were heard everywhere; Warriors and recruits gathered in the villages, and contradictory news came from the theater of war, false as always and therefore interpreted differently.
The life of old Prince Bolkonsky, Prince Andrei and Princess Marya has changed in many ways since 1805.
In 1806, the old prince was appointed one of the eight commanders-in-chief of the militia, then appointed throughout Russia. The old prince, despite his senile weakness, which became especially noticeable during the period of time when he considered his son killed, did not consider himself entitled to refuse the position to which he had been appointed by the sovereign himself, and this newly discovered activity excited and strengthened him. He was constantly traveling around the three provinces entrusted to him; He was pedantic in his duties, strict to the point of cruelty with his subordinates, and he himself went down to the smallest details of the matter. Princess Marya had already stopped taking mathematical lessons from her father, and only in the mornings, accompanied by her nurse, with little Prince Nikolai (as his grandfather called him), entered her father’s study when he was at home. Baby Prince Nikolai lived with his wet nurse and nanny Savishna in the half of the late princess, and Princess Marya spent most of the day in the nursery, replacing, as best she could, a mother to her little nephew. M lle Bourienne, too, seemed to be passionately in love with the boy, and Princess Marya, often depriving herself, yielded to her friend the pleasure of nursing the little angel (as she called her nephew) and playing with him.
At the altar of the Lysogorsk church there was a chapel over the grave of the little princess, and in the chapel a marble monument brought from Italy was erected, depicting an angel spreading his wings and preparing to ascend to heaven. The angel's upper lip was slightly raised, as if he was about to smile, and one day Prince Andrei and Princess Marya, leaving the chapel, admitted to each other that it was strange, the face of this angel reminded them of the face of a deceased woman. But what was even stranger, and what Prince Andrei did not tell his sister, was that in the expression that the artist accidentally gave to the face of the angel, Prince Andrei read the same words of meek reproach that he then read on the face of his dead wife: “Oh, why did you do this to me?..."
Soon after the return of Prince Andrei, the old prince separated his son and gave him Bogucharovo, a large estate located 40 miles from Bald Mountains. Partly because of the difficult memories associated with the Bald Mountains, partly because Prince Andrei did not always feel able to bear his father’s character, and partly because he needed solitude, Prince Andrei took advantage of Bogucharov, built there and spent most of his time there. time.
Prince Andrei, after the Austerlitz campaign, firmly decided never to serve in military service again; and when the war began, and everyone had to serve, he, in order to get rid of active service, accepted a position under his father in collecting the militia. The old prince and his son seemed to change roles after the 1805 campaign. The old prince, excited by the activity, expected all the best from the real campaign; Prince Andrey, on the contrary, not participating in the war and secretly regretting it in his soul, saw only one bad thing.
On February 26, 1807, the old prince left for the district. Prince Andrei, as for the most part during his father’s absences, remained in Bald Mountains. Little Nikolushka had been unwell for the 4th day. The coachmen who drove the old prince returned from the city and brought papers and letters to Prince Andrei.
The valet with letters, not finding the young prince in his office, went to Princess Marya’s half; but he wasn’t there either. The valet was told that the prince had gone to the nursery.
“Please, your Excellency, Petrusha has come with the papers,” said one of the nanny’s girls, turning to Prince Andrei, who was sitting on a small children’s chair and with trembling hands, frowning, dripping medicine from a glass into a glass half filled with water.
- What's happened? - he said angrily, and carelessly shaking his hand, he poured an extra amount of drops from the glass into the glass. He threw the medicine out of the glass onto the floor and asked for water again. The girl handed it to him.
Comment from hajakersch
Easymode if you are a herbalist, you can track them on the minimap.Comment from BulGar1a
you can get it around to flight master have 5 spawnsComment from monk420
Ok, i just got this quest but im not a herbalist, can i still loot the flowers er do i need to buy them from AH? i cant target them er n e thing...Comment from Mikhala
Searched all over Dalaran, no wild mustard. Frustrating.Comment from Gotmilky2
Archmage Pentarus of the Kirin Tor which appears to be one of the best in slot enchants for lower level healers and intellect casters, offering +38 spell power and +22 stamina to the legs.Comment from Gotmilky2
Wild Mustard is found in Dalaran where grass/plants grows. The easiest way to see these places is looking at the map and see where its colored in green. The typical areas Wild Mustard will almost always spawn are behind Sunreaver"s Sanctuary, near Antonida"s Memorial, in front of the Violet Citadel, and inside of Krasus" Landing. I usually go in this order because I will find my last Wild Mustard in Krasus" Landing where the quest turn-in is given to Archmage Pentarus Completing these daily quests will give reputation with the Kirin Tor This is especially useful for pattern collectors because this faction offers a pattern for Jewelcrafting and Tailoring. As of 5.4, the Tailoring pattern offered is Pattern: Sapphire Spellthread which appears to be one of the best in slot enchants for lower level healers and intellect casters, offering +38 spell power and +22 stamina to the legs.Such a seemingly simple plant as field (wild) mustard is distributed almost throughout the globe, but not all people know what useful features and qualities it has. To understand what wild mustard actually is, you should refer to its direct description and detailed characteristics.
Brief description and distribution
A wild annual spring plant of the Cruciferous family, it sprouts from a short taproot, has an erect, branched, stiffly hairy stem up to 60 cm high, drooping petals and umbellate golden-yellow miniature flowers. The fruits of the plant are bivalve pods with sword-shaped long spouts and spherical, dark brown seeds that ripen in a single row.
Wild field mustard is widespread in Egypt and Asian countries; in Russia it is found everywhere on nutritious black earth soils. It is specially grown in France, Holland, India, Kazakhstan, China and Pakistan.
Chemical composition and medicinal properties
Mustard field plant is enriched with various beneficial chemicals. Let's look at its detailed composition:
The medicinal properties are contained in the seeds and are very diverse: - increases the secretion of gastric juice;
- stimulates expectoration of sputum in diseases of the respiratory tract;
- increases libido;
- accelerates wound healing;
- suppresses pathogenic microflora.
Important!Thanks to the glycoside structures contained in mustard seeds, the plant has a pronounced blood-stimulating effect on the human body.
Application
Since ancient times, field mustard has been widely used in many areas - cosmetology, medicine, folk remedies.
In cosmetology, it is valued as a skin supporting and rejuvenating agent. Effects of using field mustard-based cosmetics:
- restores cellular balance in the skin;
- evens out the relief of the face;
- eliminates acne and its traces;
- lightens freckles and age spots;
- stimulates blood flow to the epithelium;
- activates hair growth;
- nourishes and moisturizes the skin;
- enhances the production of collagen and elastin.
Traditional medicine recipes
Since ancient times, people have used mustard, called mustard, in folk medicine, because, despite their harm and toxicity, they have various healing properties. Here are some common medicinal recipes.
Did you know? Wild mustard stem is considered poisonous. For example, pigs that eat barley contaminated with mustard experience severe poisoning, and if the animals snack on seed cake, this will give rise to intestinal diseases.
Recipe 1. Foot bath to eliminate the first symptoms of a cold.
In a large basin you need to take warm water (about 35 degrees), add 3 tablespoons of mustard powder and keep your feet in the prepared water for 10 minutes. But the effect of such a procedure will manifest itself only at the very initial stage of the disease. 
Recipe 2. For the treatment of urolithiasis.
1 tablespoon of seeds is poured into seven glasses of clean water and boiled over low heat for 5 minutes. Then the resulting broth is infused for 2 hours and filtered. Mustard medicine should be taken 2 tablespoons 3 times a day.
Recipe 3. Baths for neuralgic pain.
First, a paste of mustard powder (400 g) is prepared by gradually adding water. After preparation, the mixture is dissolved in a warm bath (temperature no higher than 37 °C). You need to stay in the therapeutic bath for no more than 5 minutes, and after it, wash thoroughly in a warm shower, wipe yourself dry and wrap yourself in a soft blanket. 
Recipe 4. An auxiliary and quick way to relieve the symptoms of sinusitis and severe runny nose.
Soak a clean piece of cloth in hot water, wrap a couple of tablespoons of field mustard in it, roll it up and place it on the bridge of the nose or between the eyebrows.
Recipe 5. Ointment for the treatment of rheumatism.
Required ingredients:
- 50 g mustard powder;
- 50 g camphor;
- 10 ml alcohol (70%);
- 1 egg white.
Systematic position.
Family Brassicaceae Burnett (Cruciferae Juss.), genus Mustard Sinapis L.
Biological group.
Spring annual.
Morphology and biology.
The stem is 10-100 cm tall, angular, branched, covered with horizontally spaced rigid simple hairs, in the axils of the branches there are often reddish-violet spots. The lower leaves are petiolate, pinnately incised, unevenly toothed along the edges with a rounded, blunt upper lobe; the upper ones are sessile, elongated-oval, with a pointed apex. The inflorescence is an elongated raceme. The flowers are actinomorphic, four-membered, the petals are arranged crosswise, yellow, twice as long as the sepals. The fruit is a pod, consists of two segments: the lower one is elongated-cylindrical, dehiscent, multi-seeded (up to 20 seeds), the upper one is elongated into a conical tetrahedral non-dehiscent, usually single-seeded spout, separated from the lower segment by a wedge-shaped ridge. The pod is woody, bare, straw-yellow, with short and thick stalks directed obliquely upward. The seeds are spherical, dark brown or almost black. Blooms in May-June, bears fruit in July-August. Maximum fertility - up to 20,000 seeds. The minimum temperature for seed germination is 2-4°C, the optimal temperature is 14-20°C. Fresh seeds germinate poorly due to their dormant period. Brown seeds have greater energy and germination rate than black ones. Seeds germinate from a depth of no more than 5-6 cm and remain viable in the soil for up to 10 years. The seeds remain viable after passing through the digestive tract of animals.
Spreading.
Europe, North Africa, Asia Minor, Iran, Afghanistan, North America. European part b. USSR (except for the northern regions), Caucasus, Western and Eastern Siberia, Far East, Central Asia.
Ecology.
The massive distribution of S.arvensis is associated with chernozem soils of the forest-steppe and steppe zones. Light- and moisture-loving, grows well in cultivated soil. It is seeded earlier or simultaneously with spring grain crops. Shoots that appear late in the fall, as a rule, do not overwinter.
Economic importance.
A malicious segetal weed of spring crops (especially grain) in the black soil zone of the steppe and forest-steppe zones, sometimes found in vegetable gardens, young fallow lands and fallows, along roads, wastelands. Extracts a large amount of nutrients and moisture from the soil, 2 times more than oats and 6 times more than barley. It is the most important alternative host plant for the causative agent of cruciferous clubroot - Plasmodiophora brassica, as well as a reservoir for many pests of cultivated cruciferous plants (aphids, cabbage fly). Protective measures: correct crop rotation with early-ripening and row crops, fallows, proper preparation of manure, careful control of the purity of the seed.
Literature:
Nikitin V.V. Weeds of the flora of the USSR. Leningrad: Nauka, 1983. 454 p.
The main weeds and field plants of agricultural crops in the Leningrad region. VIR World Collection Catalog, vol. 468. Ed. Agaev M.G. Leningrad: VIR, 1988. pp. 46-48.
Weeds of Eastern Siberia and measures to combat them. Ed. Belykh A.G. Irkutsk: Irkutsk Agricultural Institute, 1974. pp. 25-27.
Weeds of the USSR, vol. 3. Ed. Keller B.A. Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, 1934. pp. 60-63.
Ulyanova T.N. Weeds in the flora of Russia and other CIS countries. St. Petersburg: VIR, 1998. 344 p.
Flora of the USSR, vol. 8. Ed. Komarov V.L., Bush N.A. M.-L.: USSR Academy of Sciences, 1939. P. 467-468.