Ways to purify drinking water at home. How to purify water at home

Everyone knows that it is better not to drink tap water, as it can be harmful to health. Even boiling does not solve all problems with drinking water. You can, of course, buy water in stores, but it is quite expensive and not always convenient. A simple and reasonable solution would be to purify drinking water at home. There are many fairly effective and reliable built-in household water filters, faucet attachments, portable filter jugs and various water treatment plants. However, there are other methods to purify tap water.

The main methods of self-purification of tap water

Sedimentation of tap water

Chlorine destroys pathogenic bacteria, so the city water supply is chlorinated. As a result of this process, water acquires an unpleasant taste and smell. Drinking such water is unsafe, since chlorine tends to accumulate in the body, which is unsafe for health.

During boiling, chlorine forms compounds harmful to the human body. To avoid this, it is recommended to defend tap water. To do this, pour water from the tap into a container (preferably glass, not plastic) and leave for 6-8 hours. During this time, impurities of heavy metals and chlorine compounds will evaporate from the water, salts of heavy metals will settle to the bottom. Next, you need to carefully pour 3/4 of the liquid into another container, and drain the remaining sediment.

Saturation of water with silicon

Silicon is the strongest water activator, which has powerful bactericidal properties and is one of the best filters. Water, after treatment with silicon, becomes pleasant to the taste, does not deteriorate and can be stored for a long time. This is an easy way to get required amount an element that has been used by people for centuries. Previously, black silicon even laid out the bottoms of wells. It is a mineral that includes silicon dioxide. Silicon is able to stabilize the structure of water and displace pathogenic substances from it that negatively affect our body.

Silicon can be purchased at some pharmacies, ordered online, or found at stone shows. Also can be found in natural conditions.

Before you start filtering tap water with flint, you need to thoroughly wash the stones, and then fill them with water and leave for several days. It is necessary to filter the water in a glass container, covering it with gauze so that dust does not get in. A container of water is best left at room temperature and daylight (but not in direct sunlight). The crystals must be systematically washed (once a week) so that plaque does not form on them.

Silicon water should be stored in a glass container under closed lid. Thus, the water will retain its properties for several months. medicinal properties. For healing, such water should be drunk in small portions several times a day. Water containing silicon should not be boiled.

freezing water

In the process of freezing, the water is purified from salts of heavy metals. Melt water is good for human health.

This method is very simple and accessible to everyone. You just need to collect cold water in plastic bottles, place in the freezer and wait until about half freezes. Unfrozen water must be drained, as it is harmful to the human body.

Ice needs to be thawed, it is useful to drink melted water and wash it (it has a beneficial effect on the skin condition). It is important to consider here that only the ice that is transparent is useful. If the ice is cloudy, it means that there is a high concentration of harmful substances in the water.

The disadvantage of this method of water purification is that along with harmful salts, useful ones that are necessary for the human body are also destroyed.

Water purification with activated carbon

Filter water with activated carbon effective way. Coal helps to improve the taste and smell of water, relieves it of harmful impurities by absorbing harmful substances.

To purify tap water with activated charcoal, you need to wrap the tablets in gauze or cotton wool, place them on the bottom of a glass container with water. The liquid will thus be cleared in 10-12 hours.

Using this method, it is important to know that water with coal cannot be kept in a warm room so that coal does not become a habitat for various microorganisms.

Water purification with silver

Everyone knows that silver has bactericidal properties and perfectly purifies water.

To purify water in this way, it is best to use 925 sterling silver. A silver object, such as a silver spoon, should be placed in a glass container with water and left for 8-10 hours. Before use, the spoon should be thoroughly washed using soda. If the silver object is dull, it must be rubbed to a shine, since the oxide film on its surface prevents the silver from coming into contact with water. At the end of the filtration, the spoon is rinsed and wiped dry.

"Silver" water does not lose its beneficial features and stored for a long time.

It is important to know that silver is a toxic and dangerous metal for the human body, so this water should be drunk in doses so that the metabolism is not disturbed.

It should be noted that the methods of water purification in natural conditions are somewhat different.

Water purification with additives

Purify tap water by yourself You can also add various liquids and substances to it:

- Vinegar. To 1 liter of water, add 1 teaspoon of vinegar:

- Iodine. For 1 liter of water you will need 3 drops of 5% iodine;

- Wine. Pour 300 grams of young dry white wine into 1 liter of water;

- Bunch of rowan. Natural antibiotics, which are contained in mountain ash, within 3 hours will destroy bacteria in water no worse than chlorine. Affordable and easy way.

- Willow bark, juniper branches, bird cherry leaves or onion peel in terms of the nature of the effect on bacteria in water, they are in no way inferior to the properties of mountain ash. The cleaning time is somewhat longer - about 12 hours.

It is worth emphasizing that it is necessary to filter and disinfect water following the instructions. It is important to wait for the designated time and not to rush.

20 01.16

The basis of the foundations is water. You can eat healthy as much as you like, but if you absorb polluted water every day, sooner or later the body will begin to malfunction. The quality of water is directly related to the quality of life.

If you care about the health of your loved ones, realize the need for clean water for the body, then you need to know simple methods and techniques for cleaning it. How to purify tap water at home without buying expensive equipment? Let's try to figure it out.

Several reasons to choose cleaning

Tap water, especially in metropolitan areas, has an excessive amount of impurities. It is difficult to get rid of chlorine, chemical compounds that have a dangerous effect on the body. Often this is due to several reasons.

1. The equipment is outdated and needs updating.
2. There are components that pollute water resources.
3. Advanced cleaning technologies are not used.
4. Instead of environmentally safe methods chemicals are applied.
5. The old water supply system does not allow creating conditions for the preservation of clean water.

The catastrophic situation with the city's water supply and sewerage system cannot be corrected with words. But you can improve the water itself with simple, inexpensive and reliable means that are easy to use at home. It will be suitable for drinking, cooking and hygienic purposes.

When we lived in Pyt-Yakh, the water sometimes flowed like this, and the hair was dyed red. Good thing we got out of there quickly. However, clear water does not mean high quality.

By learning how to make clean water yourself, you can:

• do not worry about its quality, it will always be excellent;
• choose ways, change techniques and methods, comparing what works better;
• significantly save on purchases of filters, jugs, cleaning systems, using folk ways for the best result;
• learn new things about the quality and composition of water in the region of residence;
• based on the data, select the best types, methods.

Effective Approaches

• The simplest and most common way, but not the most effective, is boiling. Did you know that chlorine will not disappear? And the water doesn't taste very good either.

By the way, if you boil for 15-20 minutes, but not in a kettle, but with an open lid in an enamel pan, the water will become ionized. It should be poured into a thermos and drink a little bit throughout the day. Moritz wrote that such water is capable of removing toxins.

I myself have not done this, but if you have tried it or have your own opinion on this matter, write in the comments.

• Can be cleaned from harmful microorganisms by mixing with table salt. This method is more suitable for cooking or for camping conditions. At the same time, you need to remember that a lot of salt should not be consumed, although salt is an excellent antiseptic.

• It is much better to use a small piece of silicon, the effectiveness of which has been proven by special analysis. It can be purchased at a pharmacy or online. The technology is simple.

1. A mineral weighing up to 10 g is placed at the bottom of a 2-liter jar.
2. Fill with water.
3. Leave in the light, but not in direct sunlight for a day.
4. After that, the water purified by silicon is drained and drunk.

• Since ancient times, water has been purified with silver. To do this, you can put any silver item on the bottom of the jar. bactericidal and healing properties guaranteed. Just 8 hours is enough.

I have used this method before. I had a silver spoon and I put it at the bottom of the jar. The water tasted so good. I am writing and I understand that this process needs to be resumed. I think that you can put decoration on the bottom. By the way, I love silver very much, moreover, much more than gold.

• Freezing and thawing gives a good cleansing effect. Water is poured into convenient containers and placed in the freezer, in winter you can go to the balcony. The first frozen crust, which formed after an hour or two, is thrown out.

The water is overflowed and re-frozen. When it freezes about two-thirds, it is taken out of the freezer again. This time, the liquid is drained, and the ice remains.

This ice is pure beautiful "zeroed" water. After such a procedure, it is believed that it turns into a "live" and has healing powers.

For the first time, it is better to make melt water on a day off in order to delve into the process, note the time at different stages, so that it would be easier later. And, of course, it is good to freeze a lot of water at once.

• The method of cleaning with the mineral shungite is gaining more and more popularity. It is controversial about its effectiveness, as there are contraindications for individuals prone to the growth of cancer cells (although this issue is controversial). Shungite is even recommended by Zeland himself.

The method is similar to the silicon approach. You can not change the stones often, it is enough to clean them with sandpaper from lime and impurities once every six months.

• An interesting method using activated charcoal.

1. Take the funnel.
2. Put a cotton swab or disk on the bottom.
3. Crush a blister of activated charcoal.
4. Wrap it in a thick cloth and place on cotton wool.

The home filter is ready. It is simple and reliable in operation. Retains heavy metals, does not change the taste of water.

Questionable Procedures

• Among folk remedies willow bark, elderberry, bird cherry leaves, iodine, wine, vinegar are used. A specific smell, a very controversial effectiveness and other limitations ...
• The method of cleaning with magnets is doubtful. It is recommended to wrap the pipes with magnetic tapes, creating a field. It is unlikely to be of any use. What do you think?
• Due to settling, some results can be achieved, for example, some impurities will disappear, but the metal will remain at the bottom of the dish. Do it in 3-liter jars for at least 2 days. With this method, part of the water is lost, which is not economical. You can not drink the water that has precipitated.

Whatever method, method is chosen, you need to know how effective the cleaning was. You can take water for analysis to the SanEpidemStation, both before treatment and after, for comparison.

Keep in mind that water resources are different everywhere. Try several options and find the best one for you and your family.

How to make a filter yourself (video)

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Thank you for your attention. Drink clean water! Be healthy.

Until we meet again, your Evgenia Shestel

At home, you can purify water using household filters, freezing, settling, boiling, as well as a combination of all these and some other methods.

Spring water does not flow from our taps. This problem has been going on for more than a decade, and there is still no global solution. Perhaps, somewhere in a distant country, foreign public utilities have already found a way to supply “clean tears” to homes. And we can only look for our own methods of water purification for each individual apartment.

Why can't you leave it as it is?

The quality of tap water is far from any sanitary and simply human standards. Chlorination or, at best, fluoridation relieves it of infectious agents, but does not at all save it from additives such as pesticides, nitrates, salts of heavy metals.

Although industrial methods of water purification should become more perfect from year to year, in fact, only MPC standards change. The concentrations of harmful substances allowed for domestic water are artificially inflated and simply legalize the chemical "cocktail" that enters our taps.

Cleaning Options

There are many home ways to purify water from harmful or simply undesirable impurities, but each of them fights with one group of substances or organisms. Therefore, to obtain the desired result, it is often necessary to take a whole range of measures.

Water purification at home is possible in several ways, but it is important to understand the physics of each process, since it is quite difficult to ideally separate liquid into drinking and technical.

Water purification by settling

This method not only allows the heavy sediment to be separated, it also gives the water time to self-purify itself of volatile ammonia and chlorine compounds. In order for the process to be as efficient as possible, the water is settled in a container with a wide top and without a lid for at least 8 hours. Then you can pour it into a clean container, trying not to mix the layers, and pour out the lower quarter altogether.

After each settling, rinse the walls and bottom of the main container with a solution of acetic or citric acid to remove limescale.

Water filters

At one time, there was a boom in various filtration systems, the manufacturers of which promised trouble-free water softening at home and almost 100% cleaning result. Gradually, the less effective ones were eliminated, and the most reliable methods continue to be used in everyday life:

• Capacitive filter jugs are quite versatile, since they can be equipped with cassettes with different degrees of water purification. The main thing is not to forget to change them regularly.
• Multi-level filtration systems - show themselves best of all, but also cost accordingly. But they simultaneously use different methods of water purification, freeing it not only from garbage, but also from chlorine, rust suspension, some types of bacteria and viruses.

Boiling

The method is as old as the world, and effective not only for the destruction of pathogens. During boiling, calcium salts are removed from the water. True, they do not disappear at all, but settle on the inner surface of the kettle, after which they have to be removed from the dishes. Other dissolved substances cannot be neutralized in this way, and water purification from odor during boiling is impossible.

For rough preparation and disinfection of at least 50-70 percent, the water should boil for at least 10-15 minutes, since most pathogens do not die immediately. A higher pathogen kill rate of 98-99% requires even more time - about half an hour. And in the case of anthrax, it will take at least an hour to boil water. So an electric kettle with auto-off is definitely not suitable for these purposes.

But boiling has a downside. Most urban water treatment plants resort to chlorination in the old fashioned way, and after boiling, the chlorine residues turn into a dangerous carcinogen - chloroform. In addition, a natural decrease in the volume of water increases the percentage of other impurities in it. So this method should be used only in conjunction with settling, and double - before boiling and after it.

Distillation

Simply put, evaporation. The same boiling, but the resulting steam will have to be collected. You will need a homemade water purification device that works on the principle of a distillation apparatus. The design can be the simplest:

• closed container for boiling;
• steam outlet tube;
• cooling coil;
• container for collecting distilled water.

In this case, all harmful substances will remain in the evaporator tank, and ideally pure water will be collected in the condensing coil. Of course, it tastes unpleasant, and you shouldn’t use distillate regularly - after all, the supply of minerals in the human body is replenished, including drinking water. Moreover, the distilled liquid will dissolve useful salts already in the cells and wash out the substances necessary for normal life.

Purification with silver and copper

Our distant ancestors knew how to purify water and make it safe. At least those who were rich enough to "drink and eat on silver." The disinfecting effect of pure argentum is indeed widely known, but only the precious metal is needed not technical and not even jewelry, which comes with the addition of low-melting copper. In silver dishes, water is defended for about a day. If there is no such container, you can simply put a silver object in a regular container.

Copper kitchen utensils give a similar effect, but it is not recommended to keep water in it for longer than 4 hours. Otherwise, instead of a disinfected liquid, you will get a solution of toxic compounds transferred from copper.

Freezing

Surprisingly effective way to partially get rid of pathogenic bacteria and almost completely remove dissolved salts from the liquid. In this case, no complex device for water purification is required, except perhaps a sufficiently capacious freezer.

The liquid from the tap must be poured into plastic bottles, but not to the very neck, but leaving a couple of centimeters free. As it freezes, the water will expand in volume and may burst the container. For the same reason, glass cannot be used at all.

Send the prepared containers to the freezer, but monitor the condition of the water. When half to two thirds of the volume freezes, the remains must be poured out - they contain a large amount of mineral impurities that do not allow the liquid to quickly solidify at the set 0 ° C. Ice can be thawed and used for its intended purpose, or additional water purification methods can be applied to improve the result.

Ozonation

Safe cleaning methods aimed specifically at water disinfection are used in modern ozonation systems. 20 minutes of operation of such a device is enough to destroy most harmful microbes. For some time, this effect persists, so it is very useful to wash food products with ozonated water so that they become safe for humans.

Infusion on minerals (flint, shungite)

The method is very similar to settling tap water in a separate container, but with the addition of minerals. Silicon for water purification should be taken smaller so that the total surface area of ​​​​the stones is maximum. It has a disinfecting effect and even benefits the body. has a rejuvenating, immunostimulating effect, strengthens the walls of blood vessels.

You can buy this miracle mineral in a pharmacy, and it is not difficult to use it: pour it with water and leave it to infuse for a day or two. Silicon attracts impurities and pathogenic microbes, so only the upper layers of water can be used, otherwise the whole point of purification is lost. After that, the precipitate is removed and the next portion is poured. But first, inspect the pebbles so that they do not have a thin coating. If the silicon is contaminated, it must be washed under running water with a clean toothbrush.

Shungite for the same purposes is recommended to be taken larger - one 100-gram stone is needed for each liter of liquid. The preparation is almost the same as the silicon water recipe: steeping for 3 days and pouring over the top layers. The mineral needs cleaning every six months.

Shungite water should not be drunk by people prone to oncology, blood clots and with high acidity of gastric juice.

Folk methods

Many plants common in our latitudes also have cleansing properties. For example, when using rowan branches, even complete purification of water from the smell is possible - you just need to put fresh cuts into it for a couple of hours. Willow bark, juniper and bird cherry leaves give the same bactericidal effect after 12 hours.

For quick cleaning of harmful impurities, use activated charcoal at the rate of 1 tablet per glass. After a quarter of an hour, the water can be filtered and subjected to disinfecting treatment. Alternatively, use a homemade carbon filter, laying several layers of gauze with crushed powder. Or simply wrap the tablets in a clean piece of bandage and leave them in a container of water overnight.

Tap water contains a number of harmful chemical compounds and elements. The use of such water impairs the taste of drinks and dishes, can worsen well-being and health, and also lead to all sorts of diseases.

To disinfect tap water, it is chlorinated, which kills viruses and bacteria, but as a side effect of its use, the protein structures of the body are destroyed, the condition of the mucous membranes worsens, and the intestinal microbiota suffers.

Often, bleach contributes to the development of allergies. To eliminate the above problems, water must be rid of chlorine and other substances dissolved in it, for which there are a number of methods. And, of course, all problems with drinking water are solved by water delivery.

Water filters

The most common way to clean tap water is to purchase and use household filters. These can be stationary filters built into plumbing fixtures or filter jugs.

Water is poured into the filter jug, after settling in it, it can be drunk or used to purchase food. The filter must be changed at least once a month.

But there are cheaper and easier ways to clean.

Boiling and settling

To clean, boil water in a saucepan with the lid removed for 15 minutes. Boiling eliminates all harmful elements except bleach. But the bleach will evaporate if the water sits for 8 hours. In a container with settled water, heavy metal compounds accumulate in the lower third of the vessel; in order to obtain clean water, 2/3 of the contents should be carefully drained from above for further use.

freezing water

Melt water contains significantly less harmful impurities than tap water. Do not freeze water in glass containers or plastic bottles; food-safe plastic containers are most suitable.

Wait until the water exposed to frost or in the freezer is half frozen, and drain the unfrozen part. Melt the ice and use it as drinking water.

Water purification with activated carbon

Wrap activated charcoal tablets purchased at the pharmacy in gauze and place in a vessel with tap water at the rate of 1 charcoal tablet per 1 liter of water. It takes 8 hours to fully purify the water.

Water purification with silicon and silver

Purchase silicon in the form of pebbles at the pharmacy, rinse them with warm water, place them in a glass jar at the rate of 3 g of silicon per 1 liter of water. The jar should be placed in a shaded place, and after 3 days, drink the water carefully drained from above, the lower layers of water should not be consumed.

Metallic silver disinfects water well, for which a silver coin or spoon should be placed in a vessel with water for 10-12 hours.

Other methods of water purification

There are other ways to purify water, but they are ineffective or not suitable for everyone. The effectiveness of water purification with magnets has not been proven, and the strength of the impact of magnets of different designs differs by dozens of times, and water purified with shungite is contraindicated for people with a number of diseases, acute and chronic.

We did not even mention the purification of water with table salt, since the use of this water exceeds the recommended daily intake of table salt, and dry white wine (although this method was widely used in antiquity and the Middle Ages).

In field conditions, you can purify water by adding 1-2 teaspoons of 6% table or apple cider vinegar per liter of water, or 3 drops of pharmacy 5% alcohol tincture of iodine, complete cleaning by these methods takes 6 hours.

Rowan clears water even faster - put a bunch of rowan in a container for 3 hours. If rowan does not grow nearby, you can use bird cherry leaves, willow bark, juniper branches or onion peel. Such cleaning requires 12 hours of time.

It so happened that tap water is often the only source of water for a modern city dweller. At the same time, such water in our country almost never meets the quality criteria, either for drinking or for cooking.

Not everyone can afford special filters, devices, their components. What can be done in this case, how to purify water at home on your own?

Home water purification methods

These methods are simple and do not require any costs, or these costs are negligible. The most famous of them are boiling, freezing, settling, as well as purification with activated carbon, silver, shungite.

Boiling

The main advantage of boiling is the guaranteed total destruction of bacteria. When boiled, they decompose chemical elements like chlorine, ammonia, radon and some other heavy compounds.

Boiled water is safe to drink. Some cleaning by boiling exists, but has its drawbacks:

Firstly, this is a change in the structure of water. Boiling "dead" water, because in this process, along with the destruction of harmful substances, oxygen is removed.

Secondly, in the process of evaporating some of the water, the concentration of salts in the remaining liquid increases. Salts in the form of scale and lime deposits are deposited on the walls of the dishes. Particles of these sediments enter our stomach every day.

It is not difficult to imagine the consequences of such processes: these are kidney stones, arthrosis, and liver dysfunction.

Important! A few years ago, scientists proved that in the process of boiling one unsafe substance is formed - chloroform. It is derived from ordinary chlorine and, if ingested for a long time, promotes the formation of cancer cells. Conclusion - the method of boiling should not be the main and only method of water purification.

Freeze

The essence of the method is to filter the liquid by the method of its crystallization. Freezing gives the best cleaning result. But in order to get truly purified water, it is not enough just to freeze and thaw it. To get high-quality cleaning, you need to make sure that the freezing process occurs smoothly.

After freezing, you need to remove the frozen water located in the middle of the container, it is this that should not be consumed. When the liquid freezes, the main component crystallizes in the coldest place. That is, only pure water freezes first, and if it is separated from contaminants and heavy metals, the purification is a success.

You can remove the frozen liquid from the middle as follows:

• take out and put the central part under warm water, leaving it like that until a thawed patch forms in the center. After all, it is there that all heavy metals and pollution that are undesirable for us will accumulate.
• The ice that remains is the most valuable. This will be the most purified water.

settling

This method is based on the fact that heavy metals will settle, and the upper layers of the water will become cleaner.

Most often, settling is used to clean tap water from chlorine.

The method is suitable if nothing else can be done. Water should stand for at least 2-3 hours and not be mixed.

After settling, the percentage of chlorine in the upper third of the tank will decrease significantly.

But upholding does not solve the problem of cleaning from dirt, bacteria, pathogens. Therefore, after settling, water still cannot be eaten without boiling.

Water purification with activated carbon

Activated carbon is a part of many coagulants (lat. coagulatio coagulation), so we can assume that this method really works. Activated carbon is able to cope with unpleasant and specific odors, if any, and also, as a sorbent, it will “pull out” all harmful impurities from the liquid.

The cleaning process is as follows:

• five activated charcoal tablets are tightly wrapped in gauze and placed on the bottom of a container of water.
• The cleaning time is five to six hours. Further, Activated carbon starts to act.
• After that, the water can be safely consumed. The method is simply indispensable in extreme conditions: on a campaign, in military operations, and even on a desert island.

Silver

No less entertaining is the method of purifying water with silver, which came to the world from Ancient India. The ancient inhabitants noticed the amazing properties of silver and copper dishes, especially the effect of water was strong if the contents of the vessel were exposed to the sun. Water that has received a charge of silver ions is not only completely disinfected, but also improves metabolic processes, has a beneficial effect on the immune system.

"Silver Water" has long won many adherents of this method around the world. Hundreds of scientific treatises have been written on the topic of water positively charged with silver ions. The whole “salt” is as follows: water enters into a chemical reaction with silver molecules, enriching it with positively charged ions.

Important! A concentration of 20-40 micrograms makes silver water healthy and safe to drink.

For external use - masks, lotions, treatment of dishes - doctors recommend a concentrate - 10,000 mcg, which in its action can be compared with a powerful antiseptic.

Carefully! It is absolutely impossible to drink such a solution - this will entail poisoning. Like everything useful, silver water has reverse side, so the main thing is not to overdo it.

To purify water with homemade silver, just dip a silver spoon, bracelet or other silver jewelry into the decanter.

Water interacts with silver for 2-3 days and only after that it becomes ionized. With such an ionization period, there is no risk of obtaining a concentrate - this would take much longer.

Water purification with shungite

Another method that has gained wide popularity in recent years is water purification with shungite.

Shungite is a natural mineral. The uniqueness of the stone is due to the rare form of carbon molecules called fullerenes. Shungite is used for water conditioning. When interacting with a liquid, the globular carbon of shungite shares its miraculous properties with it. Possessing bipolar properties, it is able to mix with the components of animate and inanimate nature.

Shungite water is prepared as follows:

• Rinse shungite thoroughly.
• Pour at the rate of 150 g per 2-3 liters of water.
• Infusion 3 days.
• Can be used for bathing, drinking, cooking.

“Water” and “life” are related and complementary concepts. No water, no life.

The human body consists of two thirds of water and everyone, on average, drinks neither more nor less during their life - about 75 tons of water. That is why it is very important to monitor the purity of this vital product.

How to purify water at home is up to you. The main thing is to make the right choice and enjoy the taste - there is nothing more amazing than real pure water.