Why is the verb the most lively part of speech. Text for work
MUNICIPAL STATE GENERAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION SHAROM SECONDARY SCHOOL
Individual project
The verb is the liveliest part of speech.
Completed by: 6th grade student MKOU ShSSh
Bochkarev Eduard.
Project leader: Russian language teacher
and literature Lapshina Ekaterina Sergeevna
Sharomy
2017
Table of contents
Introduction
Relevance of the chosen topic, goals, objectives, hypothesis ..............................1
Main part
1. "Verbs are words that animate everything to which they are attached."
(A.M. Peshkovsky)………………………………………..............................2-3
2. Verbs of speech (on the example of A.P. Chekhov’s story “The Death of an Official”)……………………….........…………………………………… .3-5
Verbs of labor……………………………………………………...........…5-6
Verbs of sound and color (on the example of A. Pushkin's poems "Winter Evening", A. Pleshcheev "The Grass is Green" ........................................... ..6-8
Verbs that convey emotions (M. Borodinskaya, A. Fet)………......8
The power of the Russian verb……………………………...……...................................8-9
Practical part.………………………………...................................................10- eleven
Conclusion…………………………………………….12-13
References…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….14
The verb is the most vital part of speech.
“The verb is the most fire-breathing, the most lively part of speech. In the verb flows the scarlet, freshest, arterial blood of the tongue.
Why, the purpose of the verb is to express the action itself!
A. Yugov.
Relevance.
The Russian language is the national language of the Russian people, which has the richest traditions and the highest culture. The language spiritualizes the whole nation, its whole life, history, customs. The relevance of my work lies in the fact that the topic "Verb", which is given a significant place in the curriculum, is quite complicated, but entertaining topic studied at school. But, unfortunately, for many students it does not cause due interest. But the verb is one of the brightest and most necessary parts of speech. I believe that this topic is relevant, since knowledge of the native language, its wealth is necessary for everyone.
Target.
The purpose of my work is to prove that, in addition to the content richness of the verb, it also has a high aesthetic value, which many writers have specifically paid attention to.
Arouse cognitive interest in the Russian language.
Be able to apply the acquired knowledge in practice.
Tasks.
Analyze literary texts, identifying the features of the use of verbs in them.
Find passages in which the verb plays different roles.
Analyze the texts compiled by the students of our school in terms of the use of verbs.
Hypothesis.
Suppose that our speech does not become poorer and more inexpressive without verbs.
Many linguists believe that the verb is the most complex and most capacious part of speech; besides, he has ample opportunities to describe life in its development, movement. A.N. Tolstoy wrote: “Movement and its expression - the verb - is the basis of the language. Finding the right verb for a phrase means giving movement to the phrase.”
In works of art, everything that the author talks about only “comes to life” when events, people, the motives of their actions, the properties of characters are presented in dynamics, in action. This is the law of artistic reflection of life, which was known even by ancient poets. Aristotle stated: "Those expressions represent a thing visually, which depict it in action."
The verb plays a huge role in our speech. After all, it’s not for nothing that great people say about the verb:
“According to my deep conviction, all the strikingness of prose is in the verb, for the verb is the effectiveness of character.” (Yu. Bondarev).
“Verbs are words that give life to everything they are attached to.” (A.M. Peshkovsky)
The verb is an unusual part of speech. It is unusual already in that it denotes an action, and therefore the verb has great potential for expressing countless actions that accompany a person and the diverse aspects of his activity (labor, social, economic, scientific, social, political, etc.), various natural phenomena.
In terms of frequency of use, the verb ranks second (after nouns). The total frequency list of 9 thousand words of verbs includes about 2500. The most frequent of them are able, say, speak, know, become, see, want, go, give, eat, stand,
to live, to have, to look, to seem, to take, to understand, to do, to do, to mean.
Verbs of speech.
There are excellent examples of the use of verbs of speech in fiction. Here, for example, is a short humorous story by A.P. Chekhov's Death of an Official.
The plot of the story is simple: one evening, Ivan Dmitrievich Chervyakov went to the theater, where he accidentally sneezed on the civilian general Brizzhalov. After this incident, Chervyakov was very worried, he went to apologize to the general many times, not realizing that he had already forgiven him for a long time. In the end, Chervyakov was so worried that he died. There are 151 verbs and 18 verb forms (participles and participles) in the story. Since we have a narrative, most of the verbs are in the past tense: sat, looked, muttered, leaned, etc.
Verbs are used in artistic speech, first of all, to convey movement, expressing the dynamics of the surrounding world and the spiritual life of a person. “But suddenly his face frowned, his eyes rolled up, his breathing stopped ... he took the binoculars away from his eyes, bent down and ... apchkhi !!!”, (5 verbs were found in one sentence). Of particular importance for characterizing the hero is the choice of the most expressive, “ key" verbs. For example, when transmitting a dialogue, writers often refuse to use the verbs “speaking” (said, answered, repeated, asked), but try to find words that depict actions that accompany speech:
“Yesterday I came to disturb your-stvo,” he muttered ...
The writer in such a short story, along with the verb said, uses the following verbs: whispered, muttered, began to report, addressed, barked, repeated.
Such a replacement of some verb words by others is possible only in works of art.
The writer repeatedly uses lexical repetition in the story, expressed precisely by the verb. Lexical repetition is the repetition of the same word or phrase. By repeating a word in the text, a key concept is highlighted:
Sneezed, as you can see. Sneezing is not forbidden to anyone and nowhere. The peasants sneeze, and the police chiefs, and sometimes even secret advisers. Everyone is sneezing.
I apologized for the fact that, sneezing, I splashed, sir ... but I did not even think to laugh. Do I dare to laugh? If we laugh, then there will be no respect for persons ... there will be ...
When so, I will no longer apologize to this fanfaron! To hell with him! I'll write him a letter, but I won't go! By God, I won't!
The writer also uses the antithesis expressed by verbs, which also helps him to highlight this particular action in the story:
Chervyakov was not in the least embarrassed, wiped himself with a handkerchief and, like a polite man, looked around him: had he disturbed anyone with his sneezing? But here it was necessary to be embarrassed.
If we carefully look at all the verbs used by A.P. Chekhov, we will see that throughout the whole work some verbs (their forms) are used several times. Analyzing these verbs, I concluded that it is in them that the main meaning of the story lies . We will be able to retell the text using only these verbs, and the content will still be clear:
Main character once sneezed at the general, splashing the general's bald head. Then he thought about the incident all the time and apologized to the general many times, and the general thought that Chervyakov was simply laughing at him.
Verbs also help the writer build the temporal layer of the narrative. The story begins with the use of past tense verbs:
“One fine evening, an equally fine executor, Ivan Dmitritch Chervyakov, was sitting in the second row of seats and looking through binoculars at the Corneville Bells. He looked and felt himself on top of bliss. But suddenly…".
Labor verbs.
There are an infinite number of proverbs and sayings about labor:
- If you don't work hard, you won't get bread.
- Labor feeds a person, but laziness spoils.
- Patience and a little effort.
How did the language "respond" to this most important area of human activity? What words exist in the language to fully reflect the greatness of human labor?
Let us recall the most common words denoting labor activity: work, do, work. And each branch has its own words: in agriculture - to plow, sow, mow, harrow, rake, reap, weed, harvest, thresh, dig, etc.; in construction - to build, plaster, asphalt, concrete, paint, whitewash, knead, etc .; at home - cook, clean, wash, wash, bake, wipe, rinse, squeeze, cut, iron, soak, salt, etc.
But even with a large number of labor verbs, they still do not cover the entire variety of labor activity. You can, for example, name the most common professions: teacher, doctor, engineer, turner, locksmith, director, accountant, conductor, artist, architect, cook, foreman, cashier, artist, etc. - and we see that the verbs, there are no denoting actions associated with these professions, in this case we are forced to use descriptive phrases: I work as a doctor, teacher, architect, etc. turning or locksmith work.
The conclusion suggests itself: most of the names of professions do not have corresponding verb designations. This has its own purpose. Professions are called nouns, their number is constantly increasing, not every noun can form a verb, therefore, to designate a person’s labor activity in Russian, as a rule, descriptive phrases are used, consisting of a common “labor” verb work + profession name ( I work as an artist, cook, accountant, etc.).
Verbs of sound and color.
Everywhere we are surrounded by sounds. We wake up from the loud ringing of the alarm clock, doors begin to slam, a truck rumbles by in the street, dishes rattle in the kitchen.
And how many sounds we will hear in the forest! Birds sing in different voices, a stream murmurs playfully, hundred-year-old pines rustle, leaves rustle, and your heart beats loudly from the overflowing joy of communicating with nature.
Speaking about the verbs of sound, one cannot but recall A.S. Pushkin.
The poet V. Rozhdestvensky, analyzing the poem "Winter Evening", draws attention to how A.S. Pushkin describes a blizzard. The image of a blizzard (storm) is first given through visual impressions:
A storm covers the sky with mist,
Whirlwinds of snow twisting.
Then the author moves on to sound images:
Like a beast, she will howl
That will cry like a child
That on a dilapidated roof
Suddenly straw rustles,
Like a belated traveler
There will be a knock on our window.
The whole passage is full of movement, life, and this is achieved by Pushkin through the masterful use of verbs. What does a storm do? She “covers the sky”, “howls”, “cries”, “rustles with straw”, “knocks on the window”. It is impossible not to notice that almost all verbs have the prefix for-, which tells them, on the one hand, the meaning of the beginning of the action, and on the other, the single musical rhythm of the stanza.
About love A.S. The poet S. Marshak also writes Pushkin to verbs:
“Verbs, magnificent, energetic, effective, permeate the entire description of the Poltava battle:
Shelves closed their ranks,
Arrows scattered in the bushes.
Cannonballs roll, bullets whistle;
Cold bayonets hung.
Sons of beloved victory,
Through the fire of the trenches, the Swedes are torn;
Agitated, the cavalry flies;
The infantry is moving behind her ... "
One more example of such use of tenses can be given from a poem by Alexei Pleshcheev. This poem is also interesting because, along with verbs of motion, verbs of color and sound also occupy a large place. The poet not only describes the arrival of spring, but also draws it and endows it with music.
The grass is green
The sun shines;
Swallow with spring
It flies to us in the canopy.
With her the sun is more beautiful
And spring is sweeter ...
Chirp out of the way
Hello to us soon!
I will give you grains
And you sing a song
What from distant countries
Brought along...
In this poem there are verbs of all three tenses:
in the first stanza - imperfective present tense verbs: green, flies, shines;
in the second stanza there is only one imperative verb - the lyrical hero addresses the swallow: chirp;
in the third stanza, the poet uses three verbs: the future tense verb dam; sing the imperative verb and the past tense verb brought, which is found in the last line of the poem, which, in fact, causes joy, because the swallow brought spring. The natural combination of different times creates one of the poetic effects of these poems. Verbs that convey emotions.
"The sorceress sits, pouting, On the whole wide world ...". M. Borodinskaya.
“The clear moon will say: “I missed you alone. I have blue silence in the cool halls ... ". M. Borodinskaya.
“At night the wind is angry, Yes, it knocks on the window ...”. A.A. Fet.
The power of the Russian verb.
“An amazing property of the Russian verb is its ability not only to name the action, but also to show how it proceeds in time.” And it proceeds in an unusually diverse way: it can be performed long time(jump, push, scream, think, listen), but it can happen at one moment (jump, push, shout, flash), it can indicate the beginning of the action (sing, scream, get sick, thunder) or, conversely, its end (sing out, finish, finish, finish, finish reading), may indicate an action brought to a certain result (read, cook, whiten, rebuild, fry), or occur from time to time, with some interruptions (stir, walk, feed, read), or action limited in time (sit, lie down, read, talk).
There are many of these meanings, but it is already obvious that these peculiar meanings arise when either a new prefix is added to the verb, or
new suffix, and sometimes both. So, for example, almost all the meanings mentioned here can be formed from the verb to play: to play, to finish playing, to win, to finish playing, to win back, etc.
It was this property of the verb that delighted the artists of the word. So, V.G. Belinsky wrote: “... the Russian language is unusually rich for expressing natural phenomena ... Indeed, what wealth for depicting the phenomena of natural reality lies only in Russian verbs that have views! swim, swim, sail, sail, swim, sail, swim; swim away, swim away, swim, swim, swim, swim, swim, swim ... ".
The same idea was repeated by the remarkable poet of the early twentieth century V.Ya. Bryusov: “The strength of the Russian verb is what school grammarians call species. Let's take four verbs of the same root: to become, to put, to stand, to become. From them, with the help of prefixes before, with, for, from, etc., and the suffixes of “multipleness”, about 300 verbs can be formed ... These are: become, become, stand up, get up, insert, get, get, get, get, etc. ."
Thus, V.Ya. Bryusov, like V.G. Belinsky, and many other Russian writers saw in the ability of a verb to attach various prefixes and suffixes to itself as a powerful means of enriching the Russian language with verbs.
Practical part.
In order to better understand the role of verbs in Russian, I decided to conduct a small study at school. The students had to describe rainy weather in five sentences. You can report that it is raining outside in different ways. For example, it's raining - a simple statement of fact. We don't know anything about rain except that it is. Or you can do it in another way, for example, like this:
“Finally it started to rain. How nice to feel his warm drops. The summer rain beats cheerfully on the roof. He is getting stronger. And then came such a heavy downpour that you can hardly see anything. How fresh it was! It's great that it's finally raining."
"Rain is coming. With his noise, he eclipsed all other sounds. The birds stopped singing their merry songs. All around, only the wind sings along with the rain. Rain fills the air with moisture. Drops are flowing down the glass, the trees have become wet and sad.”
“The spring storm has begun. Large drops left black dots on the pavement. The rain gathered strength under bright flashes of lightning and thunder. The bright light of lightning for a fraction of a second illuminated everything around, blinding the eyes, like an annoying photographer. The rain ended as suddenly as it started.
“Rain - it is wet, cold, it falls on the street in summer or autumn. And also in the spring. If it goes in the summer, then it is warm, and if it goes in the fall, then it is cold. In spring and summer it always rains with thunder and lightning. After the rain, everything around becomes wet. Everyone wears umbrellas when it rains so they don't get wet.
The study involved 19 students in grades 6 and 8.
In the course of the study, it was revealed that in all works, when describing rain, students use verbs. The minimum number of verbs in the work is 1; the maximum is 15.
One verb occurs in 5 works. These are verbs: goes (in 2 works), hurts (head), hit (in the face), is located.
In total, there were verbs in the works (in terms of use in this task, verbs take the second place after nouns).
When describing rain, students mainly used action verbs (): goes, flies, runs, walks, etc .; in second place are state verbs (): I want to sleep, it becomes, etc.
The average number of verbs used in texts is 5-8;
nouns - 11.
Conclusion.
The word "verb" in ancient Rus' meant speech in general. So in the dictionary of V. Dahl the following definition is given: "A verb is a person's speech, a reasonable dialect, a language."
In our work, we wanted to show how great the figurative power of the verb is when writers and poets use it in their works. Here is what A.N. Tolstoy: “Movement and expression - the verb - is the basis of the language. To find the right verb for a phrase is to give movement to the phrase.” So this movement is directly related to the high aesthetic value of the verb.
Analyzing the texts of literary works, we saw that the most important stylistic function of the verb in artistic speech is to give dynamism to descriptions. The verb is used in artistic speech primarily to convey movement, expressing the dynamics of the surrounding world and the spiritual life of a person. If the writer wants to display pictures in which objects cease to be motionless, to “breathe life” into the narrative, he turns to verbs. Thanks to the verb, we treat the text as if it were alive, we clearly understand what the hero is doing, what he feels, what is happening around him. The predominance of verbs contributes to the emotionality and brightness of the text.
We would like to finish the work with the words of K. G. Paustovsky: “Miracles can be done with the Russian language. There is nothing in our life and in our minds that could not be conveyed by the Russian word. The sound of music, the spectral brilliance of colors, the play of light, the noise and shadow of gardens, the vagueness of sleep, the heavy rumble of a thunderstorm, the whisper of children and the rustle of sea gravel. There are no such sounds, images and thoughts - complex and simple - for which there would not be an exact expression in our language.
So, our hypothesis has failed completely.
What are objects without me?
Only names
But I will come - everything will come into action,
A rocket is flying, people are building buildings,
And rye grows in the fields.
(V. Kondrashov)
In conclusion of my work, I want to say that now for me the verb is not just a part of speech, but “the most living part of speech.” References.
Grigoryan L.T. “My language is my friend” - M: Enlightenment, 2008.
I.D. Zverev "With love for nature".
A. Korinfsky "People's Rus'".
B. Shergin "Graceful Masters".
Org A.O. "Olympic tasks in the Russian language" - M: Education, 2006.
Bondarko A.V., Bulanin L.L. Russian verb. - L., "Enlightenment", 1967.
Golub I.B. Stylistics of the Russian language. - M.: Iris-Press, 1997. Internet resources
http://sctroe.okis.ru/file/sctroe/urokiuchitelei/SVOYAIGRA.dochttp://metodisty.ru/m/files/view/svoya_igra_2011_02_26http://metodisty.ru/m/files/view/igra
MUNICIPAL STATE GENERAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION SHAROM SECONDARY SCHOOL
Individual project
The verb is the liveliest part of speech.
Completed by: 6th grade student MKOU ShSSh
Bochkarev Eduard.
Project leader: Russian language teacher
and literature Lapshina Ekaterina Sergeevna
Sharomy
2017
Introduction
Relevance of the chosen topic, goals, objectives, hypothesis ..............................1
Main part
1. "Verbs are words that animate everything to which they are attached."
(A.M. Peshkovsky)………………………………………..............................2-3
2. Verbs of speech (on the example of A.P. Chekhov’s story “The Death of an Official”)……………………….........…………………………………… .3-5
Verbs of labor……………………………………………………...........…5-6
Verbs of sound and color (on the example of A. Pushkin's poems "Winter Evening", A. Pleshcheev "The Grass is Green" ........................................... ..6-8
Verbs that convey emotions (M. Borodinskaya, A. Fet)………......8
The power of the Russian verb……………………………...……...................................8-9
Practical part.………………………………...................................................10- eleven
Conclusion…………………………………………….12-13
References………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….14
The verb is the most vital part of speech.
“The verb is the most fire-breathing, the most lively part of speech. In the verb flows the scarlet, freshest, arterial blood of the tongue.
Why, the purpose of the verb is to express the action itself!
A. Yugov.
Relevance.
The Russian language is the national language of the Russian people, which has the richest traditions and the highest culture. The language spiritualizes the whole nation, its whole life, history, customs. The relevance of my work lies in the fact that the topic "Verb", which has a significant place in the curriculum, is a rather complex, but entertaining topic studied at school. But, unfortunately, for many students it does not cause due interest. But the verb is one of the brightest and most necessary parts of speech. I believe that this topic is relevant, since knowledge of the native language, its wealth is necessary for everyone.
Target.
The purpose of my work is to prove that, in addition to the content richness of the verb, it also has a high aesthetic value, which many writers have specifically paid attention to.
summon cognitive interestto the Russian language.
Be able to apply the acquired knowledge in practice.
Tasks .
Analyze literary texts, identifying the features of the use of verbs in them.
Find passages in which the verb plays different roles.
Analyze the texts compiled by the students of our school in terms of the use of verbs.
Hypothesis.
Suppose that our speech does not become poorer and more inexpressive without verbs.
Many linguists believe that the verb is the most complex and most capacious part of speech; besides, he has ample opportunities to describe life in its development, movement. A.N. Tolstoy wrote: “Movement and its expression - the verb - is the basis of the language. Finding the right verb for a phrase means giving movement to the phrase.”
In works of art, everything that the author talks about only “comes to life” when events, people, the motives of their actions, the properties of characters are presented in dynamics, in action. This is the law of artistic reflection of life, which was known even by ancient poets. Aristotle stated: "Those expressions represent a thing visually, which depict it in action."
The verb plays a huge role in our speech. After all, it’s not for nothing that great people say about the verb:
“According to my deep conviction, all the strikingness of prose is in the verb, for the verb is the effectiveness of character.” (Yu. Bondarev).
“Verbs are words that give life to everything they are attached to.” (A.M. Peshkovsky)
The verb is an unusual part of speech. It is unusual already in that it denotes an action, and therefore the verb has great potential for expressing countless actions that accompany a person and the diverse aspects of his activity (labor, social, economic, scientific, social, political, etc.), various natural phenomena.
In terms of frequency of use, the verb ranks second (after nouns). The total frequency list of 9 thousand words of verbs includes about 2500. The most frequent of them arebe able, say, speak, know, become, see, want, go, give, eat, stand,
to live, to have, to look, to seem, to take, to understand, to do, to do, to mean.
Verbs of speech.
There are excellent examples of the use of verbs of speech in fiction. Here, for example, is a short humorous story by A.P. Chekhov's Death of an Official.
The plot of the story is simple: one evening, Ivan Dmitrievich Chervyakov went to the theater, where he accidentally sneezed on the civilian general Brizzhalov. After this incident, Chervyakov was very worried, he went to apologize to the general many times, not realizing that he had already forgiven him for a long time. In the end, Chervyakov was so worried that he died.
There are 151 verbs and 18 verb forms (participles and gerunds) in the story. Since we have a narrative, most of the verbs are in the past tense: sat, looked, muttered, leaned, etc.
Verbs are used in artistic speech, first of all, to convey movement, expressing the dynamics of the surrounding world and the spiritual life of a person. But suddenly his facewinced , eyes rolled up , breath stopped … He took from the eyes of binoculars, bent down and... apchi!!!”, (5 verbs were found in one sentence).
Of particular importance for the characterization of the hero is the choice of the most expressive, "key" verbs. For example, when conveying dialogue, writers often refrain from using the verbs "speaking" (said, answered, repeated, asked ), but try to find words depicting actions that accompany speech:
- I came yesterday to disturb your-stvo, - he muttered ...
The writer in such a short story along with the verbsaid uses the following verbs:whispered, muttered, began to report, addressed, barked, repeated.
Such a replacement of some verb words by others is possible only in works of art.
The writer repeatedly uses lexical repetition in the story, expressed precisely by the verb. Lexical repetition is the repetition of the same word or phrase. By repeating a word in the text, a key concept is highlighted:
sneezed as you can see. Sneeze no one and nowhere is forbidden.sneeze and peasants, and police chiefs, and sometimes even secret advisers. Allsneeze .
I apologized forsneezing, splashed with ..., and laugh I didn't think so. Do I darelaugh? If we will laugh , so then there will be no respect for persons ... there will be ...
When so I won't I'm more sorry for this fanfaron! To hell with him! I'll write him a letter, and goI won't! By God I won't !
The writer also uses the antithesis expressed by verbs, which also helps him to highlight this particular action in the story:
Chervyakov not at allnot embarrassed , wiped himself with a handkerchief and, like a polite person, looked around him: did he disturb anyone with his sneezing? But here I had tobe embarrassed .
If we carefully look at all the verbs used by A.P. Chekhov, we will see that throughout the entire work some verbs (their forms) are used several times.
Analyzing these verbs, I concluded that it is in them that the main meaning of the story lies. We will be able to retell the text using only these verbs, and the content will still be clear:
The main character oncesneezed on the general splashing general's baldness. Then he alwaysthought about the incident and many timesapologized before the general, and the generalthought that Chervyakov is just above himlaughs .
Verbs also help the writer build the temporal layer of the narrative. The story begins with the use of past tense verbs:
“One fine evening, a no less excellent executor, Ivan Dmitritch Chervyakov,sat in the second row of seats andlooked through binoculars on the "Corneville Bells". Helooked and felt yourself to the pinnacle of bliss. But suddenly…".
Labor verbs.
There are an infinite number of proverbs and sayings about labor:
If you don't work hard, you won't get bread.
Labor feeds a person, but laziness spoils.
Patience and a little effort.
How did the language "respond" to this most important area of human activity? What words exist in the language to fully reflect the greatness of human labor?
Let's remember the most common words for labor activity:work, do, work. And each industry has its own words: in agriculture -plow, sow, mow, harrow, rake, reap, weed, harvest, thresh, dig and etc.; in construction -build, plaster, asphalt, concrete, paint, whitewash, knead and etc.; at home -cook, clean, wash, wash, bake, wipe, rinse, squeeze, cut, iron, soak, salt and etc.
But even with a large number of labor verbs, they still do not cover the entire variety of labor activity. You can, for example, name the most common professions:teacher, doctor, engineer, turner, locksmith, director, accountant, conductor, artist, architect, cook, foreman, cashier, artist etc. - and we see that there are no verbs denoting actions associated with these professions, and in this case we are forced to use descriptive phrases:I work as a doctor, teacher, architect etc. Available verbs liketo turn, to carve do not mean "to work as a turner or locksmith", but only "to be able to perform turning or locksmith work."
The conclusion suggests itself: most of the names of professions do not have corresponding verb designations. This has its own purpose. Professions are called nouns, their number is constantly increasing, not from every noun - the name of a profession can form a verb, therefore, to denote a person’s labor activity in Russian, as a rule, descriptive phrases are used, consisting of a common “labor” verbwork + profession name (I work as an artist, cook, accountant and so on.).
Verbs of sound and color.
Everywhere we are surrounded by sounds. We wake up from the bursting ringing of the alarm clock, they beginclap doors, outside rumbles truck passing by, in the kitchenthunder crockery.
And how many sounds we will hear in the forest! discordantsing birds, playfullymurmurs Creek, make noise century pines,rustles foliage, and you are loudknocking heart from the overflowing joy of communion with nature.
Speaking about the verbs of sound, one cannot but recall A.S. Pushkin.
The poet V. Rozhdestvensky, analyzing the poem "Winter Evening", draws attention to how A.S. Pushkin describes a blizzard. The image of a blizzard (storm) is first given through visual impressions:
A storm covers the sky with mist,
Whirlwinds of snow twisting.
Like a beast, she will howl
That will cry like a child
That on a dilapidated roof
Suddenly straw rustles,
Like a belated traveler
There will be a knock on our window.
The whole passage is full of movement, life, and this is achieved by Pushkin through the masterful use of verbs. What does a storm do? She “covers the sky”, “howls”, “cries”, “rustles with straw”, “knocks on the window”. It is impossible not to notice that almost all verbs have a prefixbehind- , which tells them, on the one hand, the meaning of the beginning of the action, and on the other hand, a single musical rhythm of the stanza.
About love A.S. The poet S. Marshak also writes Pushkin to verbs:
“Verbs, magnificent, energetic, effective, permeate the entire description of the Poltava battle:
Shelves closed their ranks,
Arrows scattered in the bushes.
Cannonballs roll, bullets whistle;
Cold bayonets hung.
Sons of beloved victory,
Through the fire of the trenches, the Swedes are torn;
Agitated, the cavalry flies;
The infantry is moving behind her ... "
One more example of such use of tenses can be given from a poem by Alexei Pleshcheev. This poem is also interesting because, along with verbs of motion, verbs of color and sound also occupy a large place. The poet not only describes the arrival of spring, but also draws it and endows it with music.
The grass is green
The sun shines;
Swallow with spring
It flies to us in the canopy.
With her the sun is more beautiful
And spring is sweeter ...
Chirp out of the way
Hello to us soon!
I will give you grains
And you sing a song
What from distant countries
Brought along...
In this poem there are verbs of all three tenses:
in the first stanza - present tense imperfective verbs:turns green, flies, shines;
in the second stanza there is only one imperative verb - the lyrical hero refers to the swallow:chirp ;
in the third stanza, the poet uses three verbs: the verb of the future tenseladies ; imperative verbsing and past tense verbbrought , which is found in the last line of the poem, which, in fact, causes joy, because the swallow brought spring. The natural combination of different times creates one of the poetic effects of these poems.
Verbs that convey emotions.
"The sorceress sits,pouting To the whole wide world ... ". M. Borodinskaya.
"The clear moon will say:" Imissed you one. I have blue silence in the cool halls ... ". M. Borodinskaya.
"In the night the wind angry Yes, knocking on the window ... ". A.A. Fet.
The power of the Russian verb.
“An amazing property of the Russian verb is its ability not only to name the action, but also to show how it proceeds in time”. And it proceeds in an unusually diverse way: it can take a long time (jump, push, shout, think, listen ), but it can happen at one moment (jump, push, shout, flash ), can indicate the beginning of an action (to sing, to scream, to get sick, to rattle ) or, conversely, its end (to sing, to finish, to complete, to complete, to complete ), may indicate an action brought to a certain result (read, cook, whiten, rebuild, fry ), or occur from time to time, with some interruptions (stir, walk, feed, read ), or an action limited in time (sit, lie down, read, talk ).
There are many of these meanings, but it is already obvious that these peculiar meanings arise when either a new prefix is added to the verb, or
new suffix, and sometimes both. So, for example, from the verbplay almost all the values mentioned here can be formed:to win, to win, to win, to win, to recoup and etc.
It was this property of the verb that delighted the artists of the word. So, V.G. Belinsky wrote: “... the Russian language is unusually rich for expressing natural phenomena ... Indeed, what wealth for depicting the phenomena of natural reality lies only in Russian verbs that have views!swim, swim, sail, sail, swim, sail, swim; swim away, swim away, swim, swim, swim, swim, swim, swim …».
The same idea was repeated by the remarkable poet of the early twentieth century V.Ya. Bryusov: “The strength of the Russian verb is what school grammarians call species. Let's take four verbs of the same root:to become, to stand, to stand, to become . From them with the help of attachmentsbefore, with, for, from and others, and the suffixes of "multipleness" can form about 300 verbs ... These are:get up, get up, get up, get up, get up, get out, get out, get out, get out etc."
Thus, V.Ya. Bryusov, like V.G. Belinsky, and many other Russian writers saw in the ability of a verb to attach various prefixes and suffixes to itself as a powerful means of enriching the Russian language with verbs.
Practical part.
In order to better understand the role of verbs in Russian, I decided to conduct a small study at school. The students had to describe rainy weather in five sentences. You can report that it is raining outside in different ways. For example, it's raining - a simple statement of fact. We don't know anything about rain except that it is. Or you can do it in another way, for example, like this:
“Finally it started to rain. How nice to feel his warm drops. The summer rain beats cheerfully on the roof. He is getting stronger. And then came such a heavy downpour that you can hardly see anything. How fresh it was! It's great that it's finally raining."
"Rain is coming. With his noise, he eclipsed all other sounds. The birds stopped singing their merry songs. All around, only the wind sings along with the rain. Rain fills the air with moisture. Drops are flowing down the glass, the trees have become wet and sad.”
“The spring storm has begun. Large drops left black dots on the pavement. The rain gathered strength under bright flashes of lightning and thunder. The bright light of lightning for a fraction of a second illuminated everything around, blinding the eyes, like an annoying photographer. The rain ended as suddenly as it started.
“Rain - it is wet, cold, it falls on the street in summer or autumn. And also in the spring. If it goes in the summer, then it is warm, and if it goes in the fall, then it is cold. In spring and summer it always rains with thunder and lightning. After the rain, everything around becomes wet. Everyone wears umbrellas when it rains so they don't get wet.
The study involved 19 students in grades 6 and 8.
In the course of the study, it was revealed that in all works, when describing rain, students use verbs. The minimum number of verbs in the work is 1; the maximum is 15.
One verb occurs in 5 works. These are verbs: goes (in 2 works), hurts (head), hit (in the face), is located.
In total, there were verbs in the works (in terms of use in this task, verbs take the second place after nouns).
When describing rain, students mainly used action verbs (): goes, flies, runs, walks, etc .; in second place are state verbs (): I want to sleep, it becomes, etc.
The average number of verbs used in texts is 5-8;
nouns - 11.
Conclusion.
The word "verb" in ancient Rus' meant speech in general. So in the dictionary of V. Dahl the following definition is given: "A verb is a person's speech, a reasonable dialect, a language."
In our work, we wanted to show how great the figurative power of the verb is when writers and poets use it in their works. Here is what A.N. Tolstoy: “Movement and expression - the verb - is the basis of the language. To find the right verb for a phrase is to give movement to the phrase.” So this movement is directly related to the high aesthetic value of the verb.
Analyzing the texts of literary works, we saw that the most important stylistic function of the verb in artistic speech is to give dynamism to descriptions. The verb is used in artistic speech primarily to convey movement, expressing the dynamics of the surrounding world and the spiritual life of a person. If the writer wants to display pictures in which objects cease to be motionless, to “breathe life” into the narrative, he turns to verbs. Thanks to the verb, we treat the text as if it were alive, we clearly understand what the hero is doing, what he feels, what is happening around him. The predominance of verbs contributes to the emotionality and brightness of the text.
We would like to finish the work with the words of K. G. Paustovsky: “Miracles can be done with the Russian language. There is nothing in our life and in our minds that could not be conveyed by the Russian word. The sound of music, the spectral brilliance of colors, the play of light, the noise and shadow of gardens, the vagueness of sleep, the heavy rumble of a thunderstorm, the whisper of children and the rustle of sea gravel. There are no such sounds, images and thoughts - complex and simple - for which there would not be an exact expression in our language.
So, our hypothesis has failed completely.
What are objects without me?
Only names
But I will come - everything will come into action,
A rocket is flying, people are building buildings,
And rye grows in the fields.
(V. Kondrashov)
In conclusion of my work, I want to say that now for me the verb is not just a part of speech, but "the most lively part of speech."
Bibliography .
Grigoryan L.T. “My language is my friend” - M: Enlightenment, 2008.
I.D. Zverev "With love for nature".
A. Korinfsky "People's Rus'".
B. Shergin "Graceful Masters".
Org A.O. "Olympic tasks in the Russian language" - M: Education, 2006.
Exercise
Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the writer A.K. Yugova: “The verb is the most lively part of speech. In the verb flows the scarlet, freshest, arterial blood of the tongue. Why, the purpose of the verb is to express the action itself! Arguing your answer, give 2 (two) examples from the read text.
Option 1
The main part of speech in the language responsible for denoting an action is the verb. Without it, there is no eventfulness, no dynamics of the narrative.
If verbs are removed from the text offered to us for analysis, it will lose all coherence and meaning. The first sentence without the words “remember” and “named” will turn into a set of particles, adverbs and pronouns!
And how many verbs in the last paragraph help the narrator convey his pain! How much he would like to do to lessen the pangs of conscience! And these aspirations are conveyed in sentence 55 precisely by verbs. They emphasize the narrator's keen desire to redeem himself.
Yes, writer A.K. Yugov was not mistaken when he said that "the scarlet, freshest, arterial blood of the tongue flows in the verb."
Option 2
The world in which we live and which is depicted in the works is constantly changing, developing, and it is the verbs that help to convey these actions.
Let's illustrate the wide range of use of this part of speech by grouping examples, which are numerous in V. Nadyrshin's text.
So, verbs are capable of denoting physical actions (“rushed”, “thrown away”), movements in space (“hidden”, “left”), the activity of the sense organs (“looked”), a change in state (“stopped”, “translated”) , speech ("asked", "answered", "said"). One has only to remove verbs from the text or language - and everything freezes, loses its meaning.
Indeed, “the verb is the most lively part of speech. In the verb flows the scarlet, freshest, arterial blood of the tongue. Why, the purpose of the verb is to express the action itself!
I absolutely agree with this statement of the writer A.K. Yugov.
Option 3
Is it possible to imagine a coherent narrative in which movement is not depicted in any way, there are no actions, details that describe what is happening? Is it hard...
The verb is “the most lively part of speech,” as the writer A.K. Yugov. In this part of speech, the process is presented in grammatical forms of tense, person and mood, which makes it a unique means of describing processes and actions.
Let us turn to the story of V. Nadyrshin for examples.
The verbs in it report that the story is about an event that happened in the past (“called”, “lived”, “translated”, “put”). The future dialogue of the heroes of the story is guessed by the imperative verb “come in”: in fact, the boys weren’t sitting silently in the apartment?
In addition, the future tense verbs “forgive”, “understand”, “listen” in sentences 57-59 indicate that the narrator has not yet lost hope of redeeming himself. It is in these verbs that the main meaning of these sentences is contained.
Indeed, the verb is an almost indispensable part of speech in the language.
Text for work
(1) I don't remember his name. (2) He lived at the sorting station and moved to our school temporarily, because his mother was admitted to the hospital, and here, in the third microdistrict, my grandmother lived. (Z) They put a new one with me, and I didn’t like it: that means when I asked to put me with Kolka
Lykov - you can’t, put Sanya Tabukhov in jail - again you can’t, but here, it turns out, you can!
(4) The newcomer turned to me several times with some stupid questions: “What is your name?”, “Where do you live?” ... (5) I answered reluctantly, through my teeth, and he got off.
(6) And after school they took him to beat. (7) This is called "registration". (8) They beat frivolously, more for the form, as they say, nothing personal, just such a tradition. (9) The newcomer, seeing the crowd that surrounded him, rushed to Seryozhka Romanov, who was standing next to him, threw him aside with a blow and, deftly dodging Kolka Lykov, like the wind, disappeared into the yards. (10) 3 they ran to him, but they could not catch up. (I) Seryozhka, sobbing, wiped the blood from his broken lip, and we frowned at him. (12) We decided not to wait for tomorrow, but to pay off the newcomer today at all costs.
(13) - Dimon, you were sitting with him, you had peace with him! (14) Go to him, call him to your house - listen to music there or something else ... - Kolka asked me. (15) - You are smart, cheat somehow so that he goes out into the street.
(16) I was flattered that Kolka turned to me, that he called me smart in front of everyone, that, in his opinion, only I can fulfill an assignment that requires ingenuity and resourcefulness.
(17) Half an hour later I was already ringing the door of the apartment where the new one lived.
(18) - What do you want?
(19) - Like what? (20) Look into your eyes! I said mockingly. (21) - You rushed off like a swift-footed doe, and I received the full program for you.
(22) -What do you have to do with it?
(23) - How about what? - I was surprised. (24) - We are sitting together, which means we are friends, so they broke me for you! (25) My ribs still hurt... (26) Can I get through?
(27) - Come on...
(28) We drank tea, he showed his drawings ... (29) He drew well. (ZO) Then I looked at the clock and called him to visit me.
(31) - Let's just not today!
(32) Everything inside me fell: the guys from our class were already waiting for us in ambush near the unfinished house.
(33) - You see, my brother is sick, and I wanted you to draw him some picture, he loves different fairy tales, magical worlds ...
(34) - Well, if so, then let's go ...
(35) I remember that path to the centimeter, as if walking barefoot on nails. (Zb) The newcomer said something to me, and I nodded my head hastily. (37) Rib of an unfinished house. (38) I see broken asphalt, rolls of roofing material, the edge of the package where album sheets and paints lie ... (39) Hot air, like a file, cuts my chest. (40) I stopped. (41) And the new one took a few more steps. (42) The bushes moved. (43) Everything! (44) Kolka Lykov slowly came out to meet us and smiled ominously.
(45) The worst was next. (46) Fate, apparently, decided to take me to the last circle of my hell. (47) The new one suddenly screeched, grabbed a stone and shouted: “Dimon, run!”. (48) But, seeing that we were already surrounded, that I could not escape, he attacked Tolka Vlasov, clearing my way.
(49) - Dimon, run! (50) What are you standing for?
(51) And then I smiled, and the rest laughed. (52) Only then did he understand everything and looked at me. (bZ) Surprised, incredulous. (54) At that moment, it seemed to me that the skin burned by this look, like a stocking, slipped off my body ...
(55) ... For many years I have been dreaming of saving someone: I dream of pulling a drowning man out of the water, protecting a girl from hooligans, taking the wounded from the battlefield and even agree to die, doing a heroic deed. (56) But no one drowns in my way, no one burns, no one asks me for help. (57) In pitifully outstretched palms I carry my bloodied heart: I still hope that someday I will see the boy betrayed by me and he will forgive me. (58) Or at least understand. (59) Or, at least, he will listen ... (60) But he lives somewhere on the Sorting Room, he was temporarily transferred to our school, and our life paths they can't all cross.
(According to V. Nadyrshin)
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"The concept of the verb" - Perform a mutual check. Today we have an extraordinary lesson - a journey through the sea of knowledge. The wind is raging. Fill in the table: What do you already know about the verb? Unlock the key down and then you will receive a prize. All without exception? Island "Zakreplendiya". Wind. (Geographic map). Ship-. Can you name the resulting word?
"Verb as a part of speech" - A minor member of the sentence. What are you doing? 7) In what cases is the conjugation correctly defined? 9) In what words is the vowel -e- written at the end? A verb is a part of speech denoting a sign of an object. 5) In what verbs is the suffix -and- written? A verb is a part of speech denoting the action of an object. Learn...sh Clean...sh Steps...sh Count...sh.
"Spelling Verbs" - Lesson plan. Determine if a soft sign is needed after the hissing ones. Then the upper scythe, greeting the sun, stopped jumping up and down and chuffing. Final testing. Check. The dog felt very hungry and went for himself to look for a hare trail. Insert the missing letters. Merged or separate. Spelling NOT with nouns and adjectives.
“Ti in verbs” - In accordance with this understanding, -t / -ti, of course, can be recognized as an ending. does not specify what -TH is. Morphemics. Analysis of linguistic literature. Affixes are divided into. To study the linguistic literature on this issue. The purpose of the study: Morphemes are divided into root morphemes and affixes.
“Russian lesson grade 4 verb” - When the ending is stressed, You can easily find out what conjugation! Ford…t sits standing. The concept of conjugation of verbs. Relaxation: - For nouns - declension, and for verbs - ... conjugation - For verbs, like for pronouns, you can define - to pour - ... person, number - Verbs of 1 conjugation end with a vowel ... e 2 conjugations end with a vowel … And.
“Verb in Grade 4” - Guess the letters and add up the topic of the lesson: A G O L Verb. Green_t meadow, full of flowers. Memo on the definition of a vowel at the end of a verb. A golden star trembles in the blue sky. Smell of fresh grass. Sample entry in a notebook: For verbs, indicate the conjugation, person and number. Morning. Write text. Thematic accounting of knowledge on the topic "Verb" Grade 4.
State educational institution
average comprehensive school № 000
Kirovsky district of St. Petersburg
on the topic
"The verb is" the most fire-breathing, most lively part of speech".
Project completed: 6th grade
Project leader: , teacher
Russian language and literature
Saint Petersburg
Introduction.
The verb is an unusual part of speech.
The verb is an unusual part of speech. It is unusual already in that it denotes an action, and therefore the verb has great potential for expressing countless actions that accompany a person and the diverse aspects of his activity (labor, social, economic, scientific, social, political, etc.), various natural phenomena.
In terms of frequency of use, the verb ranks second (after nouns). The total frequency list of 9 thousand words of verbs includes about 2500. The most frequent of them are be able, say, speak, know, become, see, want, go, give, eat, stand, live, have, look, seem, take, understand, do, do, mean.
Main part
High aesthetic value of the verb.
The purpose of my work is to prove that, in addition to the content richness of the verb, it also has a high aesthetic value, which many writers have specifically paid attention to.
Here is one of the most striking statements of the famous Soviet writer
A. Yugova: “The verb is the most fire-breathing, the most lively part of speech. In the verb flows the scarlet, freshest, arterial blood of the tongue. Why, the purpose of the verb is to express the action itself!
Verbs of speech.
Excellent examples of the use of verbs of speech in fiction can be cited. For example, V. Rasputin in the story "Deadline" on three randomly selected pages uses about 20 different verbs of speech, thoughts, feelings, repeating only the word twice say. These are the verbs: remember, ask, speak, know, explain, laugh, confess, suggest, grumble, wave, prick, get angry, get angry, ask, complain, praise, say, advise, smack.
The artistic effect is enhanced if adverbs that characterize verbs are added to the verbs of speech: agreed in surprise, interrupted in fright, reasonably asked, cheerfully said and so on.
The expressiveness of the language is achieved not only by the selection of new verbs, but also by the use of verbs that differ in prefixes ( to say, to tell, to say, to understate, to retell; to ask, to question, to inquire, to inquire, to interrogate). Especially many prefixed verbs are formed from the verb speak: start talking- "start talking"; sentence- "to speak, accompanying this with any action"; speak out- "pronounce, say"; stipulate- “to set some conditions in advance”, “to raise an accusation against someone”; dissuade- “persuade not to do something”, “stop talking”; persuade- "convince someone"; slander- “to say a lot of something”, “falsely accuse someone”, etc.
Labor verbs.
There are an infinite number of proverbs and sayings about labor:
If you don't work hard, you won't get bread.
Labor feeds a person, but laziness spoils.
Patience and a little effort.
Labor money feeds for a century, etc.
How did the language "respond" to this most important area of human activity? What words exist in the language to fully reflect the greatness of human labor?
Let's remember the most common words for labor activity: work, do, work. And each industry has its own words: in agriculture - plow, sow, mow, harrow, rake, reap, weed, harvest, thresh, dig and etc.; in construction - build, plaster, asphalt, concrete, paint, whitewash, knead and etc.; at home - cook, clean, wash, wash, bake, wipe, rinse, squeeze, cut, iron, soak, salt and etc.
But even with a large number of labor verbs, they still do not cover the entire variety of labor activity. You can, for example, name the most common professions: teacher, doctor, engineer, turner, locksmith, director, accountant, conductor, artist, architect, cook, foreman, cashier, artist etc. - and we see that there are no verbs denoting actions associated with these professions, and in this case we are forced to use descriptive phrases: I work as a doctor, teacher, architect etc. Available verbs like to turn, to carve do not mean "to work as a turner or locksmith", but only "to be able to perform turning or locksmith work."
The conclusion suggests itself: most of the names of professions do not have corresponding verb designations. This has its own purpose. Professions are called nouns, their number is constantly increasing, not from every noun - the name of a profession can form a verb, therefore, to denote a person’s labor activity in Russian, as a rule, descriptive phrases are used, consisting of a common “labor” verb work+ profession name ( I work as an artist, cook, accountant and so on.).
Verbs of sound and color.
Everywhere we are surrounded by sounds. We wake up from the bursting ringing of the alarm clock, they begin clap doors, outside rumbles truck passing by, in the kitchen thunder crockery.
And how many sounds we will hear in the forest! discordant sing birds, playfully murmurs Creek, make noise century pines, rustles foliage, and you are loud knocking heart from the overflowing joy of communion with nature.
The remarkable Russian writer A. Melnikov-Pechersky, describing the forest, its beauty in his novel "In the Forests", creates a vivid picture of flowering herbs and different-sounding voices.
“All the trees are in full sap, all the herbs are blooming, fragrant. Wherever you look, there are flowers, flowers, and flowers... There turns yellow hypericum, turn blue dark blue bells and amid bright emerald green turns white fragrant kupena and redden bone berries.
Forest voices are moaning, incessantly crackle grasshoppers and grasshoppers in the tall grass, ... like a chimney trumpets black yellow, ... squeak grouse, plaintively cuckoo cuckoos and different voices fun chirping waxwings, robins, forest larks and other small birds…”.
Speaking about the verbs of sound, one cannot help but recall. Researchers of his work noted that the poet was always stingy with adjectives. There are stanzas in which adjectives are almost completely absent, and in this case the verbs become the ideological and artistic center of the text.
Poet Sun. Rozhdestvensky, analyzing the poem "Winter Evening", draws attention to how he describes the blizzard. The image of a blizzard (storm) is first given through visual impressions:
A storm covers the sky with mist,
Like a beast, she will howl
That will cry like a child
Suddenly straw rustles,
Like a belated traveler
There will be a knock on our window.
The whole passage is full of movement, life, and this is achieved by Pushkin through the masterful use of verbs. What does a storm do? She “covers the sky”, “howls”, “cries”, “rustles with straw”, “knocks on the window”. It is impossible not to notice that almost all verbs have a prefix behind-, which tells them, on the one hand, the meaning of the beginning of the action, and on the other hand, a single musical rhythm of the stanza.
The poet S. Marshak also writes about love for verbs:
“Verbs, magnificent, energetic, effective, permeate the entire description of the Battle of Poltava:
Shelves closed their ranks,
Arrows scattered in the bushes.
Cannonballs roll, bullets whistle;
Cold bayonets hung.
Sons of beloved victory,
Through the fire of the trenches, the Swedes are torn;
Agitated, the cavalry flies;
The infantry is moving behind her ... "
The power of the Russian verb.
An amazing property of the Russian verb is its ability not only to name the action, but also to show how it proceeds in time. And it proceeds in an unusually diverse way: it can take a long time ( jump, push, shout, think, listen), but it can happen at one moment ( jump, push, shout, flash), can indicate the beginning of an action ( to sing, to scream, to get sick, to rattle) or, conversely, its end ( to sing, to finish, to complete, to complete, to complete), may indicate an action brought to a certain result ( read, cook, whiten, rebuild, fry), or occur from time to time, with some interruptions ( stir, walk, feed, read), or an action limited in time ( sit, lie down, read, talk).
There are many of these meanings, but it is already obvious that these peculiar meanings arise when either a new prefix or a new suffix is added to the verb, and sometimes both. So, for example, from the verb play almost all the values mentioned here can be formed: to win, to win, to win, to win, to recoup and etc.
It was this property of the verb that delighted the artists of the word. So, he wrote: “... the Russian language is unusually rich for expressing natural phenomena ... Indeed, what wealth for depicting the phenomena of natural reality lies only in Russian verbs that have views! swim, swim, sail, sail, swim, sail, swim; swim away, swim away, swim, swim, swim, swim, swim, swim ... "
The same thought was repeated by a remarkable poet of the early twentieth century: “The power of the Russian verb is that school grammars call species. Let's take four verbs of the same root: to become, to stand, to stand, to become. From them with the help of attachments before, with, for, from and others, and the suffixes of "multipleness" can form about 300 verbs ... These are: get up, get up, get up, get up, get up, get out, get out, get out, get out etc."
Thus, like many other Russian writers, he saw in the possibility of a verb to attach various prefixes and suffixes to itself as a powerful means of enriching the Russian language with verbs.
Conclusion.
The word "verb" in ancient Rus' meant speech in general. So in the dictionary of V. Dahl the following definition is given: "A verb is a person's speech, a reasonable dialect, a language." But this is just a definition.
In my work, I wanted to show how great the figurative power of the verb is when writers and poets use it in their works. Here is what he writes about the verb
: “Movement and expression - the verb - is the basis of the language. To find the right verb for a phrase is to give movement to the phrase.” So this movement is directly related to the high aesthetic value of the verb.
In conclusion of my work, I want to say that now for me the verb is not just a part of speech, but "the most lively part of speech."