Temple of the Mother of God Icon of the Sign of Aleshino. Temples of the Moscow region Pushkinsky district

The village of Aleshino (former name - Aleshnya or Olshnya) on the Olshanka River, with the Church of the Great Martyr George, was in the palace department at the beginning of the 17th century. In 1691, the village with the church located there was granted to Prince Feodor Semenovich Urusov. In 1700, his wife gave this village and yard to the parish of the Great Martyr. George, who was in Moscow on Tverskaya. In 1702, a new church was built in honor of the Great Martyr. George, and the old one was transported to the village of Maksimkovo. Since then, the village has passed from hand to hand. Under the next owner of the village, Major General N.I. Mukhanov, in 1833-1839 local peasants erected the current stone church. Until the thirties of the 20th century, there were two stone churches in the village: the summer Kazan and winter St. George. The Kazan Church was built in the middle of the 18th century as the home of the family of Field Marshal A.B. Buturlina. It was dismantled into bricks in the 30s of the 20th century during the period of anti-religious struggle. In 1936, the St. George Church was closed, but the collective farmers managed to dismantle only the bell tower, and the church itself has survived to this day and was used as a club, a warehouse, and a car service center until 1996. In 1996, the Church of the Great Martyr. St. George the Victorious was handed over to the believers. The temple was in disrepair and huge amounts of money are still required for restoration work. Services there resumed on May 6, 1997, on the day of remembrance of the Holy Great Martyr George the Victorious.

Thrones

Address, telephone numbers and directions

Address: 141200, Moscow region, Pushkinsky district, village. Aleshino.

Directions: Directions from Moscow: From Yaroslavsky station to the station. "Ashukinskaya", then by bus.

Clergy:

Rector - priest Bantorin Roman Yurievich

Attention! Clergy membership and service schedule information may be out of date.
If you have additional information about the composition of the clergy of the temple, about changes in the schedule of services, about the history of the temple, about upcoming and past events at the parish, about the shrines and icons of the temple, about travel options to the temple, etc. - please inform them at

Date of publication or update 04.11.2017

Temples of the Moscow region

St. George's Church

Village Aleshino

Story. The village of Aleshino was formerly called Oleshnya, at the beginning of the 17th century. was in the palace department. In 1691 the village passed to the prince. Fyodor Semenovich Urusov, already then there was a wooden church in honor of St. George the Victorious. By the middle of the 18th century. There were two churches in the village: St. George’s, a wooden one, erected in 1702, and the Kazan’s house church, the family of Field Marshal A. B. Buturlin. In 1839, under Major General N.I. Mukhanov, local peasants erected the now existing stone St. George Church.

In 1936, the temple was closed, the building was used first as a club, then as a warehouse and car service center. The bell tower was destroyed to the ground. During these same years, the Kazan house church was completely dismantled.

In 1996, the St. George Church was returned by believers, and services immediately began there. Currently, the temple has been restored, and a Sunday school operates.

Address: 141200, Moscow region, Pushkinsky district, village. Aleshino, st. River.

Directions: from Moscow from Yaroslavsky station to the station. Pravda (36 km), then by bus (15 km).

An explanation for the name of the village is given by the inscription on the “Apostle” kept in the church, printed in 1687: “This holy Apostle was given to the village of Olshnya; This village was nicknamed Tako supposedly from the alder trees that grew in its place, and the river is nicknamed Olshanka from the alder forest.” According to documents, the village has been known since 1585; a wooden church of the Great Martyr was erected in it. St. George the Victorious, in times of troubles the temple was burned, the village was devastated by the Poles. In 1628 the temple was restored. The village of Aleshino (Oleshnya) at the beginning of the 17th century. was in the palace department. In 1691, the village with the church in honor of the Holy Great Martyr George the Victorious was given to Prince Feodor Semenovich Urusov.

In 1702, a new wooden church was built in the name of the Great Martyr George, and the old one was transported to the village of Maksimkovo on Klyazma. The church assembled in Maksimkovo was consecrated in honor of the icon of the Kazan Most Holy Theotokos. Since then, the village has passed from hand to hand. In 1730, Field Marshal Count Alexander Borisovich Buturlin became the owner of the village. Buturlin built a rich estate, a stone house church in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God (destroyed during Soviet times), laid out a park, and built ponds on the river. In 1756, Empress Elizaveta Petrovna stopped here to rest on her way to Trinity.

Existing Church of the Great Martyr. St. George the Victorious was built in 1833-1839. in the traditions of classicism, the new owner of the estate was the Knight of St. George, Colonel Nikolai Ilyich Mukhanov. In 1936, this temple was closed and used as a club, warehouse and car service station. The bell tower was destroyed to the ground.

The church building was transferred to the Orthodox in 1996, and since 1997 regular services have been held there. In 2005, the bell tower was rebuilt, the bells were hung, the inside of the temple was re-plastered, and restoration is underway.

On October 19, 2008, in the village of Aleshino, Pushkin district, a long-awaited celebration by the village residents took place - the great consecration of the temple in the name of the Great Martyr. St. George the Victorious. In addition to the patronal feast day, the day of celebration of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God is especially revered, since in the village there was another church in honor of the Kazan Icon, built in the mid-18th century. as the housewife of the family of Field Marshal A.B. Buturlina.

The temple in honor of the Kazan Icon was a rare example of Elizabethan baroque for the Moscow region. The single-domed church, covered with a dome with a dome, with a small refectory and altar, looked like a single double-height volume. A bell tower was attached to it. It was built at the expense of Field Marshal Count A.B. Buturlin as an estate. Since 1927 it has not been used for worship, in 1931 it was dismantled into bricks, and currently nothing has survived from it.

Material used from the Moscow diocese website http://www.mepar.ru/eparhy/temples/?temple=626 and the history of the village

The name of the village is not at all connected with a man’s name, as it is perceived in modern terms. The explanation is given by the inscription on the “Apostle” kept in the church, printed in 1687: “This holy Apostle was given to the village of Olshnya; This village was nicknamed Tako supposedly from the alder trees that grew in its place, and the river is nicknamed Olshanka from the alder forest.” So, Olshnya-Oleshnya (Aleshnya) - Aleshino.

According to documents, the village has been known since the end of the 16th century. He passed through the palace department, that is, he was in a privileged position. In 1585, the wooden Church of the Great Martyr George was erected there. “According to the tale of the priest of the St. George Church Theodore with the clergy (1680), to that church of the church land there are 12 arable fields in the field, and in two because, hay on the Olypanka river with new clearing mowing 40 kopecks, and that church land apart, in strips, between the peasant land, but they don’t have arable forest growth in the fields, and the peasants in the village of Aleshni took possession of much of that field church land by force, and onizh, the peasants, built 4 peasant households on the field church land; and beside the same St. George’s Church, the wasteland of Zuev, and in it there are 60 kopecks of hay fields and 14 quarters of arable land are overgrown with forest, and in two quarters, and that wasteland is 3 versts from the village along the Dmitrov road" (from the Kholmogorovs' "Historical Materials").

During troubled times, the temple was burned, the village was devastated by the Poles. In 1628 the temple was restored. In the village of Aleshne in 1646 there were 44 peasant households. For many years Aleshnya was a palace village, that is, the income from it went to the maintenance of the royal court. But in 1691 it was granted to the boyar Fyodor Semenovich Urusov (died in 1694)

F.S. Urusov (second cousin of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich) was a governor in Novgorod, headed the Reitarsky, Inozemny and Pushkarsky orders. In 1700, the widow of the boyar Fekla Semyonovna gave Aleshnya as a dowry for her daughter Marya Fedorovna, who was married to the owner of neighboring Eldigin, Prince Boris Ivanovich Kurakin (1676-1727).

In 1702, a new church was built in Aleshna, and the old one was transported to the small village of Maksimkovo on Klyazma (8 peasant households), which was then owned by the princes Lvov, uncle and nephew, who allocated 16 acres from their land for church needs. The church assembled in Maksimkovo was consecrated in honor of the icon of the Kazan Most Holy Theotokos; the last mention of it was in documents for 1789. In 1704, in Aleshna there was a patrimonial courtyard and 80 peasant households.

In 1730, the village of Aleshino became the property of A.B. Buturlin (1694-1767), married to the daughter of Boris Ivanovich Kurakin. The Buturlinsky period is one of the remarkable ones in the history of the village. Field Marshal Count Alexander Borisovich Buturlin began his career as an orderly for secret assignments with Peter I and especially rose to prominence under Elizabeth Petrovna, whose favorite he was. He graduated from the Naval Academy, participated in the Persian Campaign (1722-1723), the Russian-Turkish War (1735-1739), served as Moscow governor-general, and in 1760 received the title of count. P.A. Buturlin (1734-1787), son of A.B. Buturlina, - envoy to Spain, D.P. Buturlin (1763-1829), grandson, director of the Hermitage from 1810 to 1817. In Aleshna A.B. Buturlin built a rich estate, where he often visited, a stone house church in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God of unusually elegant architectural forms, laid out a park, and built ponds on the river.

In 1756, Empress Elizaveta Petrovna (daughter of Peter I), on her way to the Trinity-Sergius Monastery, stopped by A.B. Buturlina in Oleshnya. You can imagine a picture of that time. The Empress's cortege enters Oleshnya through a specially built arch. Carriages decorated with gold, brocade, and velvet stop near the manor house, crowds of people greet the empress, the festive ringing of church bells and a cannon salute are heard. In the house there is a luxuriously decorated table, bursting with food, music... The old park with mighty linden and oak trees several girths in size has been partially preserved from the time of the eminent nobleman. At the end of the 18th century, the village was owned by Arkady Ivanovich Tersky, a close relative of A.B. Buturlina.

The current church of the Holy Great Martyr George the Victorious (or Yegor, in the language of the old-timers) was built in 1833-1839. in the traditions of classicism, the new owner of the estate was the Knight of St. George, Colonel Nikolai Ilyich Mukhanov. Residents of nearby villages were assigned to it: Yakshino, Chernozemovo, Kstinino and Ordinovo. In 1852, Aleshino became the property of Major General Sergei Nikolaevich Mukhanov. At the end of the 19th century, the village was home to the estate of Karl Pakmel, one of the Russified Germans, who later sold it to the Pushkin manufacturer Armands. Since 1910, the estate has been registered with the brothers Alexander Evgenievich and Nikolai Evgenievich Armand, co-owners of Pushkin textile factories.

Before the revolution, in Aleshino there was a zemstvo school, a hospital, a library, there were three teahouses: the Galyanov brothers, Gulichkin and Kolokolov, and three shops. Under the NEP, an art-tel worked on sewing leather shoes and clothes, and knitted paint brushes.

In the 1930s, the summer stone Kazan Church was dismantled into bricks by the Aleshin collective farm. At the same time, a wooden chapel that stood on the left bank of the Olshanka, in the nearby forest, was destroyed. In 1936, the St. George Church was closed and the bell tower was destroyed. The building was used as a club, warehouse, and car service workshops.

In 1996, the temple was returned to believers and restored, and regular services are held. In 2005, the bell tower was rebuilt, the bells were hung, the inside of the temple was re-plastered, and restoration work was carried out. In 2008, the Great Consecration of the St. George Church was performed by Archbishop Gregory of Mozhaisk.

http://agios.itkm.ru/7974

The Church of the Great Martyr and Victorious George was built in 1837-1839. in the traditions of late classicism. Closed in 1933-1936. and ruined. It has been restored since 1996. It is an object of cultural heritage of regional significance (Resolution of the Government of the Moscow Region dated March 15, 2002 No. 84/9).

The previously existing Church of St. George the Great Martyr in the village of Aleshne (Oleshnye).

The village of Oleshnya on the Olshanka River with the Church of the Great Martyr. George at the beginning of the 17th century. was located in the Moscow district, Radonezh and Belistan, in the palace department and is mentioned in the receipt books of the state order for 1631-33. In 1680, when inspecting church lands, by decree of Patriarch Joachim, it turned out that “according to the tale of the priest of the St. George Church Fyodor with the clergy, to that church of the church land there are 12 chety of arable land in the field, 40 kopecks of hay along the Olshanka River...”.

A new church was built in the village of Aleshna, and the old one was transported in 1702 to the village of Maksimkovo and built there in honor of the icon of the Kazan Most Holy Theotokos.

The village of Aleshnya with the wooden church of St. Vmch. George in 1691 was granted to Prince Fyodor Semenovich Urusov, who died in 1694, and on April 18, Patriarch Adrian went to the funeral service of the boyar Prince Fyodor Semenovich Urusov. In 1700, his wife, the widow Princess Fekla Semyonovna, gave this village and yard in Moscow, on Tverskaya, in the parish of Georgiy, on Krasno Gorka, as a dowry to her daughter Princess Marya Feodorovna, when she married Prince B.I. Kurakin. In the village of Aleshna in 1646 there were 44 peasant households; in 1704 - a courtyard of patrimonial lands and 80 peasant households.

Kholmogorov V.I., Kholmogorov G.I. “Historical materials about churches and villages of the 16th - 18th centuries.” Issue 5, Radonezh tithe of the Moscow district. Publication of the Imperial Society of Russian History and Antiquities at Moscow University. Moscow, in the University Printing House (M. Katkov), on Strastnoy Boulevard, 1886.

Aleshino is a village in the Pushkinsky district of the Moscow region. Formally, it is listed as a village and is part of the Eldiginsky rural settlement. But, since there is a church in Aleshino, we will, in accordance with Russian rules and traditions, call it a village.
Aleshino stands on the banks of the Olshanka river of the same name. Yes, that’s right, the same name. The name of both the river and the village was given by thickets of alder, of which there are many here and now.
On the Apostle kept in the church, published in 1687, there was an inscription: “This, holy Apostle was given in the village of Oleshnyu; this village was nicknamed so supposedly from the alder trees that grew in its place, but this scripture is correct: this village in previous years was always called Olshnya, and the river is called Olshanka from the alder forest.”
Olesha-Oleshnya-Oleshnya-Aleshnya-Alyoshino. This is how the name of the village was transformed.
This year is his anniversary. 555 years ago, the village of Olesha was first mentioned in the spiritual charter of Grand Duke Vasily II Vasilyevich the Dark.
I had two goals for visiting Aleshino - to get water from the source and wander around the village with a camera. If you drive from Eldigino, before entering the village there will be a sign “Source, swimming pool”. Let's start with them.


2. The source itself.

3. Baths. The hogweed behind the baths has grown especially well this year.


4. Well. Its function is not entirely clear.


5. Synthetic sun brings life to the landscape.


6. On the same path, but closer to the highway, there is a building of a former hospital.


7. The hospital was built by the Armands in the early 1900s.


8. And it’s still quite a strong building. Put a roof on it and it will last another 100 years. Now only the one-story part on the right is used. It houses an outpatient clinic. True, there has been an announcement for a long time that the nurse is on vacation. Maybe on maternity leave? And since there are no other public buildings in the village, the local election commission works there.


9.

Let's return to the highway and walk towards the small concrete ring.
In the lowland, right on the bank of Olshanka, on Rechnaya Street, there is the Church of the Great Martyr George the Victorious. It is surrounded on three sides by water - a river and an upper pond.
In 1585, a wooden church of the Great Martyr George was erected in the village. During troubled times, the temple was burned, the village was devastated by the Poles. In 1628 the temple was restored.
At the heart of today's temple is a church built in 1833-1839 under the owner N.I. Mukhanov. Peasants from the nearby villages of Kstinino, Yakshino, Chernozemovo, Ordinovo, and wealthy parishioners came here for pilgrimage: landowners and merchants donated a lot to the church. Its walls were beautifully painted, there was a carved iconostasis, and a large bell sounded beautifully. St. George was considered the patron saint of cattle breeding; on his memorial day, April 23 (old style), cattle were usually driven out to the field after a long winter. The peasants believed that Saint George would protect their livestock from any misfortune. According to the recollections of the old-timers of Aleshino, this was the main holiday of the village - tables with icons were taken out into the open and a prayer service was served. They also planted onions on Yegor. This holiday was also called St. George's Day. So, Georgy, Egor and Yuri are, in fact, one name.
In 1936, the temple was closed, and the bell tower was dismantled into bricks. The temple building was used as a club, warehouse, and car service workshops.
10. In 1996, the St. George Church was returned to believers and restored. Services are held in the temple. In 2005, the bell tower was rebuilt and the bells were hung. In the morning there was just a service going on, so I didn’t go inside with my camera.


11.

12. The southern aisle of the church is the Theotokos.


13. Restored bell tower.

14. There was another church in the village - the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. The church was built by A.B. Buturlin and played the role of a house church. In the 1930s, the church was dismantled into bricks to build a silo. Photo taken from pushkino.tv.

15. From the church there is a pedestrian bridge across the river. First snow this year.


16. Olshanka River. This area is the very edge of the Klinsko-Dmitrovskaya ridge, the terrain is quite hilly, so the river is fast. It flows into the Vyaz, the Elm flows into the Kokotka already in the Pestovsky reservoir, and mixes with the Volga water flowing through the canal named after. Moscow, and then to Ucha and Klyazma.


17. The bridge leads us to the war memorial.


18. The memorial plaque mentions residents not only of Aleshino, but also of neighboring villages - Yakshino, Ordinovo, Chernozemovo, Balabanovo, Khlopenevo.

19. A soldier with a machine gun that I don’t understand.

A little more history.
For many years, Oleshnya was a palace village, that is, the income from it went to the maintenance of the royal court. But in 1691 it was granted to the boyar Fyodor Semenovich Urusov (died in 1694)
F.S. Urusov (second cousin of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich) was a governor in Novgorod, headed the Reitarsky, Inozemny and Pushkarsky orders. In 1700, the widow of the boyar Fekla Semyonovna gave Aleshnya as a dowry for her daughter Marya Fedorovna, who was married to the owner of neighboring Eldigin, Prince Boris Ivanovich Kurakin.
In 1730, the village of Aleshino became the property of A.B. Buturlin, married to the daughter of Boris Ivanovich Kurakin. The Buturlinsky period is one of the remarkable ones in the history of the village. Field Marshal Count Alexander Borisovich Buturlin began his career as an orderly for secret assignments with Peter I and especially rose to prominence under Elizabeth Petrovna, whose favorite he was. He graduated from the Naval Academy, participated in the Persian Campaign (1722-1723), the Russian-Turkish War (1735-1739), served as Moscow Governor-General, and in 1760 received the title of count.
In Aleshna A.B. Buturlin built a rich estate, laid out a park, and built ponds on the river.
In 1756, Empress Elizaveta Petrovna, on her way to the Trinity-Sergius Monastery, stopped by A.B. Buturlina to Aleshnya.
The old park with mighty linden and oak trees several girths in size has been partially preserved from the time of the eminent nobleman. I couldn't find any traces of this park. Those linden trees near the war memorial are too young.
20. And Parkovaya Street appears in different places in the village, and it is difficult to understand exactly where the park was.


At the end of the 18th century, the village was owned by Arkady Ivanovich Tersky, a close relative of A.B. Buturlina.
Then the village passes from one owner to another: the owner of Aleshni was Ekaterina Buturlina’s brother, Pyotr Alexandrovich, then Arkady Ivanovich Tersky, then Colonel Nikolai Ilyich Mukhanov.
In the second half of the 19th century, the village was acquired by a hereditary honorary citizen, merchant of the 1st guild Evgeny Ivanovich Armand. A house was built not far from the Armanda temple (it burned down in the 1990s). Since 1910, the estate has been registered with the brothers Alexander Evgenievich and Nikolai Evgenievich Armand, co-owners of Pushkin textile factories.
21. If I understand correctly, there is now a building materials store on the site of the burnt manor house. At least 10 years ago there were some ruins at this place.


Aleshino remained with the Armands until the 1917 revolution. In the village there was a zemstvo school, a hospital, a library, there were three teahouses: the Galyanov brothers, Gulichkin and Kolokolov, there were three shops.
During the Great Patriotic War, Pacific sailors, Siberian divisions, and tank crews were stationed in Aleshino - the front passed a few kilometers from here. There was even a hospital set up here for wounded soldiers.
Now there are about 250 permanent residents in Aleshino. In the summer, the number of people increases noticeably due to summer residents. Several linden trees remain from the old estates; traces of the former layout of the linden park can be traced. Among the estate buildings, the building of the volost hospital and the cascading ponds on the Olshanka River survived.
From the remnants of the “former luxury” we saw a hospital and a temple. Then we will go downstream of the Olshanka to a cascade of ponds.
The cascade now consists of three ponds.
22. The top one is the smallest and shallowest. In the morning it was covered with thin ice.


23. Medium - it is also average in size.


24. Dam between the middle and lower ponds.


25. The lower pond is the largest. Until recently, it belonged to a community of fishermen and hunters, and you could catch carp there for money. The photo shows only the top part of it, the rest is around the corner. Now the harvest of cottages has grown on the former state farm field.


26. On the left bank of the lower pond I noticed a one-story wooden building. A concrete staircase descends directly from it into the pond.

34. What are the names of the mushrooms that grow on alder trees in the village of Olshna on the banks of the Olshanka River? Only "alders"!

In 2008, a tuberculosis hospital was opened in a former pioneer camp near Aleshino. Somehow I didn’t want to go there.

They write that in the Aleshinsky cemetery there is a family place of the Armand family. Inessa Armand's ex-husband Alexander Armand was buried at the local cemetery in 1943; later in the 70s, his wife Stepanida Ivanovna Armand was buried next to his grave. On the way back, I stopped at the cemetery, walked around its territory, accompanied by two charming watchdogs, but found nothing of the kind. Apparently, the old part of the cemetery was hidden from me somewhere, or the monuments on the Armand graves simply did not stand out among the rest. It’s a pity, after all, this family did a lot for the village.