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Water heater accumulative vertical flat (80 liters). Water heater dimensions Types of water heating equipment

Water heater accumulative vertical flat (80 liters). Water heater dimensions Types of water heating equipment

With the onset of cold weather, more and more often you begin to understand how good it was in the summer. There is nothing better than a cool shower to escape the heat. But only warm water in the taps will save you from the cold, which, unfortunately, can be served either at the height of the heating season or not at all. In some cities there is no hot water all year round. A device called a “boiler” helps to find a solution in this situation, from the English. words boiler – boiler. Although it would be more correct to say that water heater. We don’t need to delve into the correctness of the names, but we’ll try to figure out how not to freeze in the cold season.

It looks like a “dry” heating element

As you may have guessed, the "wet" heating element is located right in the water and accordingly, scale is constantly formed on it. In turn, scale, due to low thermal conductivity, increases the time spent on heating water, and electricity consumption increases accordingly.

"wet" heater

A special magnesium anode. It is a metal pin, which is coated with a layer of up to 30 mm magnesium alloy. It is installed in most cases next to the heating element and significantly reduces the formation of corrosion on the inner tank of the boiler. It is better to entrust this matter to specialists. They will check the degree of wear and carry out all the necessary "procedures".

Experts advise to change the magnesium anode every 15-18 months, and at the same time carry out internal cleaning of the tank, because. otherwise, rust will “eat away” the metal from the inside more and more. One day the tank may burst, and all its contents will begin to pour out right from all the cracks. Our experience with the boiler shows that replacing the anode only slightly extends the life of the device. It's all about the quality of our water, which leaves much to be desired and the anode does not cope with the task as much as possible. But here it is still important to take into account factors such as how often the boiler is used, how high the temperature is set for heating, is it possible to turn off the device during idle hours, etc. All this in a compartment will give more time to enjoy the purchase, we can talk about 5-7 years of continuous work.

When all the nuances are studied, we move on to choice of boiler tank volume. It's hard to give advice here. Everything depends entirely on the type and size of the room where you will install the water heater. Often this is a bathroom or toilet. What matters is the number of family members and how much you are willing to spend on electricity per month.

Recently we saw on sale devices that are designed to save energy. They have a special button, by pressing which you can reduce the power of the device. But experts note a large number of breakdowns of these models due to the fact that the device wears out faster.

It will not be superfluous to have a special water heating temperature controller. In conventional models, this is the usual "wheel", in more expensive models - buttons indicating the current temperature.

Experienced experts suggest that it is better to make it possible to turn off the boiler if you know that you will not use it even for a few hours. If the device does not have a switch, then you can install one like this, correctly and beautifully connecting it on the wall and hiding the wires.

It is enough to heat the water and turn off the device, thus, the water heater will not turn on every time at the slightest change in water temperature (+ - 1 degree). And this will save a lot of money and service life. You can turn on the boiler at night, and all day you will have warm and comfortable water.
When leaving for a long period, it is better to drain the water through a special hole in the tap. It's easy to do. This will save you from a possible breakdown of the boiler and flooding of the neighbors from below.

What volume of a tank for a boiler to choose

When you wonder about how to choose a boiler, then not everyone can understand what volume it should be. Many people advise to take a tank of 200-300 liters to large apartments right away. But we will only partly agree with this. Such a volume will rarely be used to the maximum, requires high costs and complexity in maintenance. Therefore, we advise you to choose tanks with a volume of 80 to 150 liters. Even 80 l. enough to take a bath diluted with cold water, getting the ideal temperature. If you use only a shower, then 2-4 family members will be able to take it calmly, if you don’t sing songs for half an hour 🙂 And a 120 liter device can already cost twice as much as an 80 liter one. Plus, not every room will allow the installation of such units.

Boiler power

Most often on the shelves you can find models with a power of 1.5 - 2 kW. This the best option. Ordinary wiring will easily cope with this. But it is better to consult with an experienced installer. He will check your wires for connectivity. Average tank heating time 80 l. to the maximum temperature (it is very hot, believe me) from 2 to 3 hours.
For the kitchen, a tank with a maximum capacity of 20 liters is suitable. There is absolutely no point in taking more.

Internal coating

Manufacturers of boilers, in order to lure buyers, advertise two types of boilers. Or that stainless steel which costs more or enamel coating (glass-ceramic), slightly cheaper. But the whole point is that stainless steel seems to be better, but the technology for welding seams has not yet reached perfection, so we will get the same corrosion and, over time, leakage along the seams. Their advantage is far from the best. Manufacturers are developing ever more advanced stainless steel and coating systems, so carefully study the model of the boiler before buying, on the Internet.

The enameled surface is also short-lived, cracks may appear inside over time, through which water will negatively affect the metal and then wear parts again. The fact is that enamel very poorly "tolerates" temperature changes. The service life of such a tank is on average 3 years, it can be extended by setting the operating temperature to 50-60 degrees. This is quite a normal value, so as not to expose to serious damage. But keep in mind that bacteria can accumulate inside the boiler if the water is not used for a long time. We advise you to purchase a boiler that is coated with silver ions. Only a few dollars more expensive, but it will protect against germs.

Boiler location type and shape

The issue of location most often becomes in rooms with limited space. The most popular device models with vertical type of accommodation, because take up space along the wall. Plus, in such a boiler, hot water cools down longer. They look like a big barrel-shaped cylinder.

There are also more elongated and flat water heaters. So called "slims", which take up much less space in the apartment. Their cost is much more expensive, but their heating efficiency is higher.

Boiler “slim” or flat

There is also rectangular boiler. A little more “slim”, but also designed to save space.

The horizontal type of placement of boilers also has a place to be. Unfortunately, such devices are inefficient in heating and the water cools faster.

Water heater installation

Most often, the device is placed either in the bathroom or in the toilet. Keep in mind that the fixture and wall must be as reliable as possible. The weight of the boiler can reach 25 kg, and if you add another 80-120 liters of water, it may turn out that not every wall can withstand such a load. Therefore, it is better to entrust the installation to specialists, the durability and warranty service of the water heater largely depend on this. The hardest part of the whole job is the electrical wiring near the installation site. The standard cable may not be enough and will have to be lengthened.

Boiler maintenance

As we already wrote, the internal tank deteriorates first of all, so you need to change it in a timely manner magnesium anode. Try to mark the approximate period for service in advance on the calendar. Also, if necessary, you need to clean the heater from scale. If the water in your area is hard, maintenance should be done once a year. Be sure to ask the store before buying about the possibility of free cleaning during the warranty period. Try not to do maintenance yourself, avoid buying homemade anodes or anodes of questionable quality and manufacture. They can not only disable the device, but be hazardous to health. Original anodes are always sold in branded packaging and are made of very high quality.

There are craftsmen who, in order to prevent the formation of scale on the heating element, before the water enters the boiler, install a flask with salt on the pipe. It is not yet clear how practical this is and how it helps to deal with the problem, but the number of such successful reviews is constantly increasing.

Or these special

We advise you to put on the pipe that goes to the boiler special crane so that fine rust in the water or some other small debris from the water does not enter the water heater. The filter will sometimes have to be cleaned or changed, but this is better than repairing the device.

Popular models of water heaters

We have selected for you the most popular models of boilers that are gaining the largest possible number of positive reviews. It is difficult to single out any particular favorite among manufacturers. Let's just say that technologies are constantly improving and we can already talk about significant progress in the production of boilers. We do not indicate the heating time, because. this parameter depends on the time of year and the temperature you need.

Boiler BOSCH Tronic 1000 T ES 050-5 N 0 WIV-B

Manufacturer Bosch has always been renowned for its reliability and quality of materials. This model of 50 liters is perfect for a small family. There are versions with displacement up to 100 liters. The power of 1.5 kW will not "hit" the wallet much. It is advised to choose the country of origin Bulgaria. Has a good build. Good thermal insulation and outside the boiler does not heat up at all, which means that hot water will be stored longer. An inconvenient solution is the thermostat under the cover, which is held on by 4 self-tapping screws. Regulating the temperature will not be the easiest task.

Power: 1500W
Number of heating elements: 1
Volume: 50 l
Control type: mechanical
Temperature controller: hidden (under the cover)
Inner tank material: glass ceramic
Shape: cylindrical
Features: Magnesium anode

Dimensions: (HxWxD) 79x35x37 cm
Weight: 17.7 kg
White color
Price: $125

Another interesting model for 80 liters. from the company Ariston. The power is already more than the first option - 2.5 kW. Among the shortcomings, users note not quite reliable electronics, but everything is within the warranty repair. Inside the boiler there are two reservoirs isolated from each other and each has its own heating element, which allows you to heat the water as quickly as possible. It is better to entrust the installation to a specialist.

Installation type: wall-mounted, vertical
Power: 2500W
Number of heating elements: 2
Volume: 50 l
Control type: electronic
Type of heating element (TENA): tubular
Shape: rectangular
Additional functions: temperature controller, overheating protection, frost protection, protection against switching on without water
Insulation: 32mm high density polyurethane foam
Included: protective valve, mount, cable with plug
Dimensions: (HxWxD) 109x49x27 cm
Weight: 26 kg
White color
Price: $270

Boiler GORENJE GBF 80

Company boiler GORENJE 80 liters perfectly combines price and quality. The power of 2 kW is provided by two heating elements with a power of 1 kW each. The heaters are hidden (“dry”), which means that they do not have contact with water, provide the best performance in terms of durability. Users note that the heater is able to store hot water for about two days after heating. A family of 4 will be able to shower without any problem. Unfortunately, there is no wire for connecting to the network, but this is not a problem.

Boiler GORENJE GBF 80

Installation type: wall-mounted, vertical
Power: 2000W
Number of heating elements: 2
Volume: 80 l
Type of heating element (heater): hidden ("dry")
Inner tank material: enamelled sheet steel
Shape: cylindrical
Insulation: 17mm
Features: Magnesium anode
Dimensions: (HxWxD) 80.3x45.4x46.1 cm
Weight: 30 kg
White color
Price: $190

Boiler THERMEX IF 100 V

Excellent design and at the same time a decent water volume of 100 liters are combined with a boiler. We liked the rectangular shape and reliable performance. For such a volume, it is not very powerful (2000 kW), but I think you can wait an extra 30 minutes for heating. With this solution, you can already calmly take a bath and soak up the cold winter evenings. The magnesium anode inside is not the best, it will have to be serviced more often, but the model deserves attention.

Installation type: wall-mounted, vertical
Power: 2000W
Volume: 100 l
Control type: electronic
Temperature indicator: electronic
Type of heating element (TENA): open
Inner tank material: stainless steel
Shape: rectangular
Insulation: 17mm
Features: Magnesium anode
Dimensions: (HxWxD) 124.5x49.3x27 cm
Weight: 45 kg
White color
Price: $245

Boiler THERMEX ER 80 V SilverHeat

Perhaps another boiler from the company THERMEX to which we would like to draw your attention. Here, in the name, a surprise is hidden for us - this is SilverHeat. Here TEN coated with a special alloy using silver, on which almost no scale is formed. Users share their experience and talk about the durability of the water heater. Also, bacteria do not accumulate in the boiler due to silver ions. The manufacturer claims that the heating element is almost eternal. However, the heating element can be eternal, but, unfortunately, no one is able to protect the tank from corrosion.

Installation type: wall-mounted, vertical
Power: 1500W
Volume: 80 l
Type of control: mechanical, regulator on the body
Temperature indicator: mechanical
Type of heating element (heater): open, SilverHeat coating
Inner tank material: steel, bioglass porcelain coating
Shape: cylindrical
Insulation: 17mm
Features: magnesium anode
Dimensions: (HxWxD) 79.8x44.5x45.5 cm
Weight: 30 kg
White color
Price: $100

That's all our advice for today. As you can see, buying a boiler requires compliance with small nuances. But they fade against the background of the fact that you will have hot water in your house or apartment. Now you know more about how to choose a boiler, which water heater is better to choose.

Most often, hot water in urban apartments is turned off in the summer. That is why the boiler has become an integral part of the home.

The flow boiler is characterized by small dimensions and the ability to heat a large volume of water.

A person who buys a household boiler should know all the most important things about it. This is due to the fact that the purchase of a boiler lasts approximately 1-2 hours, and the operation of an electrical device of this type lasts for years. To choose a water heater, you need to learn more about each of the existing types.

By type, boilers can be divided into:

Flowing.
Cumulative.

You will need to choose a water heater primarily based on how many people will use this design and what are the purposes of its use.

Providing hot water for showering or washing dishes does not require large costs or boiler capacity. If more than 4 people a day plan to take a bath, you will need to purchase a boiler with a large tank.

Advantages of storage water heater:

relatively low power, which makes it possible to install these structures in almost any room;
heated water can be consumed simultaneously by several draw-off points (kitchen sink, shower, etc.);
low power consumption;
ease of installation and connection;
large supply of hot water.

Disadvantages of a storage water heater:

the need for periodic maintenance;
limits the amount of water that can be used at a given time. Large time spent waiting for the next portion of hot water;
large dimensions.

Advantages of instantaneous water heater:

the possibility of issuing an unlimited amount of hot water;
no need for maintenance;
small dimensions.

Disadvantages of instantaneous water heater:

with the help of a flow-through boiler, it is not possible to provide several water points with hot water at the same time;
high energy costs;
additional network connection requirements due to high power.

How to choose a flow type boiler?

A flow-through water heater is capable of providing instant hot water supply, while its volumes are not limited. The design of this type has small dimensions, and its installation can be easily performed in small rooms. The average water heating temperature when using these structures will be 55-60°C. This boiler can be discreetly installed under the sink. It is worth noting that today there are instantaneous water heaters with a design that can decorate the interior of a bathroom or kitchen. The thing is that the designs have decorated panels - the body is decorated with landscapes, floral patterns and other patterns.

If you do not want to overpay for electricity, it makes sense to choose a water heater that runs on gas. This design is an alternative to electrical options. The cost of gas allows you to talk about savings. In such designs, the chamber can be of an open and closed type. A closed chamber will require additional installation of a chimney, so this option may not be suitable for everyone. An open chamber has a natural draft, so the air will be taken directly from the room. The open chamber design also has a disadvantage. This appliance must not be installed in poorly ventilated rooms.

When choosing an instantaneous water heater, you need to pay attention to power. 18-19 kW may be enough to use a similar design in the kitchen or in the shower, and 25-29 kW will be enough to meet the needs of the bathroom. Power is also expressed relative to the water produced by the heater. On average, gas boilers have a heating capacity of 17, 15, 10 liters of water per minute.

How to choose the right storage water heater?

The storage boiler is a steel closed tank, into which cold water will flow under pressure and be heated using a heating element. These designs can also be gas and electric. In storage boilers, the water temperature can reach 82-85°C. In these devices, it can be adjusted using the electronic control panel or manually.

The required volume of hot water is determined based on the number of users of the structure and the number of water supply points. It makes sense to focus on the above diagram.

It should be understood that hot water from the water heater at the outlet of the tap will be mixed with cold water, therefore the resulting volume of water of a given temperature will exceed the displacement for which the tank of the water heating device is calculated.

To choose the right storage water heater, it is recommended to focus not only on the appearance and price. You will need to compare the following characteristics of electric water heaters:

case material;
type of allocation;
the weight that the water heater has;
the available power of the heating element of the electric boiler;
boiler heat losses;
thickness of the water heater insulation;
the presence of a magnesium anode;
protective enamel.

An important characteristic is the design of the water heater. Tanks of similar designs are made of enamel, stainless steel, plastic, titanium enamel. Models of small volume (10-30 l) most often have a prismatic or square shape, their body is often made of enamelled steel or plastic. Larger models (up to 500 liters) have a rectangular or cylindrical steel body.

Water heaters can be vertical and horizontal. In this case, the choice must be made based on how much free space is available in the room. To save space, it is more advisable to purchase vertical structures.

Household electric water heaters have 3 main parameters: heat loss, heating power, volume. It is these characteristics of the boilers that will affect the efficiency of such a device.

The cost of the storage boiler and its weight

A cheap boiler (with simplified manufacturing technology) has thinner thermal insulation, therefore higher heat losses. For 1 year of daily operation, such a water heater will consume approximately 1000 kW of electricity more than an electric heater, which costs a little more. At the same time, it should be understood that much less water will be received from the first water heater. In most cases, cheap water heaters are designed to operate for a short period of time when the centralized hot water supply is turned off. Similar designs are also used for low temperature operation.

Cheap boilers are designed for periodic safety net, have a good appearance and are able to work out their warranty period well. The sale of water heaters, which are designed for such a safety net, is carried out in almost all household appliance stores.

Inexpensive water heaters will cool down faster, consume more electricity, and accumulate scale.

In most cases, the weight of the boiler depends on the thickness of the metal of the tank. The thicker the wall in the inner tank of the boiler, the longer it will not rust and expand when the water pressure in the tank of the electric water heater increases. For this reason, the paint coating will crack less and lag behind the walls of the inner tank of this design. Most often, cheap boilers are 15% lighter than high-quality water heaters.

From all this, we can conclude that with the same volume, a high-quality water heater cannot be lighter than a cheap device.

Power of the heating element of the storage water heater

Wet heating elements are prone to corrosion and breakage, but win in cost.

The heating rate of water in an electric water heater will be affected by the power of the heating element. If the power is less than 2 kW, the water in a water heater of this type is heated for a long time. If the power is more than 2 kW, then the existing wiring may be overloaded. The shorter the heating element tube, the smaller the heat transfer area and the higher the heating surface temperature. In this regard, more scale will form in the heating element. If there is scale, which can worsen the heat transfer to water from the heating element, then the electric water heater will be turned on for heating almost all the time. It is worth noting that this is approximately 8 extra hours of work per day. It is enough to simply calculate how much more money will be spent on paying for electricity every month. You should be aware that the repair work of boilers that break down due to scale is much more problematic than the planned cleaning of a similar design.

It is recommended to choose an electric water heater with as large a heating element cooling area as possible so that less scale is formed. The optimal heating power of the boiler is 2 kW. It is best to choose a water heater with a maximum cooling area and dry heating elements.

The thickness of the thermal insulation layer of the storage boiler and heat losses

Water heating time up to 50°C in an electric storage water heater depending on the volume of the tank.

A good electric boiler should have a thermal insulation thickness of more than 35 mm. It is made of high-performance polyurethane foam, mounted on the main body of the body. With the optimal thickness of polyurethane foam, minimal heat losses can be ensured if the boiler is operated at temperatures of 55-60°C. A large thickness of the thermal insulation layer always contributes to an increase in the overall dimensions of the boiler. If we compare the external dimensions of electric water heaters of various brands, it is possible to draw a conclusion about the effectiveness and amount of thermal insulation of these water heating structures.

From all this, we can draw the following conclusion: the thicker the thermal insulation layer of the water heater, the faster the water will heat up and cool down more slowly, less electricity will be spent to heat the water.

Water heaters have heat losses that will depend on the thickness of the high-performance polyurethane foam insulation, the expected temperature in the boiler room and the temperature in the boiler boiler. Based on all existing technical data of various models of water heaters, a method was developed for calculating the optimal water temperature for operation, which shows the dependence of the thickness of the boiler thermal insulation on the optimal water heating temperature in this design. The dependence is as follows: 1 mm of thermal insulation thickness is equal to 1.2°С of the difference between the room temperature and the water temperature inside the boiler.

To find out the optimal water heating temperature in the selected water heater, it is necessary to multiply the thickness of the thermal insulation of the selected water heater by a factor of 1.2. To the figure obtained, you will need to add the temperature of the room in which the water heater was installed.

For example, if the thickness of the thermal insulation of the boiler is 35 mm, then it will turn out: 35 x 1.2 \u003d 42 ° C. If the room temperature is 23°C, then: 23°C + 42°C = 65°C.

From this it follows that the selected water heater and its thickness of the thermal insulation layer are calculated for the optimum water heating temperature of 65 ° C (with minimal heat loss). If you increase the temperature in the boiler boiler, heat loss will increase, and the efficiency of such a water heater will decrease. If you calculate the optimal operation for efficient operation, it is possible to set the boiler to an economical mode of operation.

The presence of a magnesium anode and protective enamel

For additional protection and improving the operation of the heating element in the water heater, manufacturers install a flange (magnesium anode). The influence of water hardness in Russia can be clearly observed by all users of household kettles, dishwashers and washing machines. Water heaters are also subject to the destructive effects of scale. The anode is able to remove the salts and minerals that make up the scale. In this way, it is possible to protect the heating element from the appearance of limestone formations and deposits on the surface. Only in this case the heating element will not lose its technical characteristics.

The magnesium anode is subject to wear and will need to be replaced or cleaned over time. In order to be able to extend its operation, manufacturers equip boilers with magnesium anodes of increased mass or install 2 anodes at once at the same time. The resource of the rod on average is calculated for operation of 6-8 years.

The internal coating of the tank can also extend the life of the boiler. For metal, water is an aggressive element, therefore, manufacturers of such structures take care of additional protection of the boiler tank from corrosion. For this, protective enamel is used. Depending on the manufacturer, model of the boiler and its cost, materials based on silicate glass, finely dispersed enamel, titanium enamel and its other types can be used. The tank can also have an additional layer of thermal insulation, which will reduce heat loss and electricity costs for heating cold water.

Choosing a boiler is quite simple if you know all the advantages and disadvantages of each of the designs.

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Consumers using centralized hot water supply remember that most often in summer (and sometimes in other seasons) there is no hot water. Happy owners of private country houses also need to take care of ways to heat water for household and personal needs. Therefore, the question of how to choose a water heater becomes almost every owner.

The option of heating water with gas (geyser) is the most economical option, but it is not always possible to supply gas. You can also use a boiler that runs on oil distillation products. For such a design, a separate room will be required, and in apartments it is completely prohibited.

Since electricity is available in almost all homes, the option of heating water with an electric water heater remains the most relevant. Water heaters of this type are divided into two types: storage and flow. At first glance, they differ only in size: the accumulative one is larger (depending on the volume of the tank), and the flow one is the size of a shoe box. Let's take a closer look at these two types.

Accumulative (capacitive) water heater

The storage water heater consists of a tank filled with water, in which a tubular electric heater is installed. The heating element heats water in the range from 35 to 85 degrees Celsius and turns off (the temperature is set by the user). When the water temperature in the tank drops by 0.5 degrees, the water heater automatically starts heating it to the specified mark.

Instantaneous water heater

The instantaneous water heater works on a different principle - cold water from the water supply passes through a tube (of a tubular electric heater) and, depending on the amount of hot water consumed, turns on a certain number of heating elements. Flowing water heaters do not have their own tank, all the water is heated not in a container, but when passing through a tube - with heating elements.

Compare instantaneous and storage water heaters

Before buying a water heater, it is important to decide what type you need and what are the main differences between these two devices.

	storage water heater	Instantaneous water heater
Weight and size	Depending on the volume of the tank (average 80 l and the size of a washing machine)	Small size and weight (from 2 kg and the size of a shoe box)
Number of users	Medium tanks are designed for two or more people + hot water for the kitchen	With an increase in water consumption, the power of the device increases.
Working conditions	Requires connection to a standard outlet for operation.	There is a certain dependence on the power of the electrical network or gas pressure
Economy	Approximately the same	Approximately the same

A profitable solution is to choose a storage water heater, for the operation of which you will need from 1 to 2.5 kW of electricity. Such a device is quite enough to provide heated water (from 60-75 ° C) to an apartment or a small private house.

How to choose a quality storage boiler

In this section, we will consider in more detail the characteristics of the storage water heater, which will help determine the choice of a quality device. Depending on the increase in the volume and quality of the boiler materials, the price of the water heater also increases.

How to choose the volume of the boiler

The most valuable parameter of a storage water heater is its volume. Consider the volumes of boilers sufficient for domestic needs (averaged indicators):

small capacitive water heaters, from 10 to 15 liters, are used for washing dishes and washbasins (such a volume may not be enough for a shower), they are usually mounted in the same place - under / above the sink or washbasin;
small 30-liter boilers are used by bachelors, and for women who pay more attention to water procedures, this volume may not be enough;
storage boilers from 50 to 100 liters are most often used in apartments. This volume is sufficient for both a married couple (50-80 l) and for a large family with children (80-100 l);
large water heaters with a capacity of 150 l - for large apartments and medium-sized houses. Used in families who prefer to take a bath instead of a shower;
the largest water heaters (200 l) are used to provide hot water to large apartments or a private house. This volume of capacity is enough to provide a family of 6-8 people. A huge boiler is installed on the floor, because due to the large weight, mounting on the wall is unacceptable according to safety regulations.

When choosing a water heater, you should not choose a model, guided only by volume indicators. For larger boilers, more time will be required for heating. Sometimes it is more profitable, for example, to install a water heater with a volume of 50-80 liters in the bathroom, and another one, of a small volume, for hot water in the kitchen.

Heating power and time

Electric water heaters work on the principle of "boiler". Depending on the power of the heating element (an electric heater in the form of a metal tube filled with a heat-conducting electrical insulator) and on the volume of the boiler capacity, the rate of heating cold water to the specified temperature also depends.

Tens are divided into:

"Wet" heating element. Inside with a container of water, a heater made of a copper tube is immersed. Over time, due to direct contact with water, the heater becomes covered with a layer of scale, as a result of which the time for heating water increases significantly. Another disadvantage of using a water heater with a “wet” heating element is galvanic couple (electrochemical corrosion), due to a chemical reaction between the heating element and the tank walls. Not recommended for use with mineralized water;
"Dry" heating element. The heating tube is placed in a protective flask or casing and does not have direct contact with water. Thanks to the protection, the metal tube does not accumulate scale and electrochemical corrosion does not occur. Water heaters with a "dry" heating element have a longer service life.

Power distribution, depending on the volume of the water heater tank:

water heaters with a 30 liter tank use power from 1 to 1.5 kW;
boilers with a volume of 50-80 liters use power from 1.5 to 2.0 kW;
large devices with a capacity of 100-200 liters with a power of 2.0 to 2.5 kW.

The speed of water heating depends on the capacity of the power supply, if the power supply to the outlet is limited to 2 kW, then, accordingly, large models of water heaters (150-200 l) will spend more time heating than indicated in the specifications.

The amount of time required for heating water (75-80 ° C) in models of various volumes:

30 liter boiler with a power consumption of 1-1.5 kW, heating time - 1-1.5 hours;
50 liter boiler with a power consumption of 1.5 kW, heating time - 2 hours;
120 liter boiler with a power consumption of 2 kW, heating time - 4 hours.

From these we get: you should not chase after a large volume, from 50 to 80 liters is enough for an average family, and the heating rate is almost two times different from a model with one and a half volume.

Types of the inner surface of the boiler

Models of water heaters with an internal surface made of glass porcelain and enamel are distinguished by a good price-quality ratio. The disadvantage of such boilers is considered to be sensitivity to sudden changes in temperature, as a result of which a crack may form. This problem can be solved by lowering the upper temperature mark to 60 ° C, but in such a situation it will often be necessary to heat the water.

A titanium-coated stainless steel boiler will differ significantly from an enamelled water heater. As a result, due to the durability of stainless steel, the life of the water heater increases.

Extra options

When buying a storage water heater, you need to pay attention to related products and equipment, which include:

The presence of additional additives in the container coating material (for example, zirconium), which additionally disinfect water.
A safety valve that protects the water heater in case of a sharp jump in water pressure in the pipes.
A set of brackets or anchors for fixing the boiler to the wall or floor.
The presence in the kit of an adapter for 380 V (if such is meant for connecting to the network), or a standard plug for connecting to a household network.
Protective system against power surges.
Automatic shutdown system of the water heater in the absence of water or voltage in the network.
Purifying water filters.
Pressure reducer - to reduce the water pressure when it enters the tank, in case of increased pressure in the water supply system (if the pressure at the entrance to the apartment exceeds 5 bar).

The best models of water heaters

It is easy to get lost in the variety of boiler models. Considering all the characteristics (water heating time, price, service life, design) and many other features, your attention is a list of the best models from reliable manufacturers:

GORENJE;
ARISTON;
NOVATEC;
ZANUSSI;
DRAZICE.

Which model will suit your preferences, you will have to decide for yourself, the characteristics and important points are described in the article, and the design and price are the personal choice of everyone.

Rising prices for hot water gave impetus to the development of the industry of water heaters. They are also bought for summer cottages, a country house, that is, where people are not permanently located, but they want to make this stay the most comfortable by connecting an independent and uninterrupted source of water heating. Electrical installations of a storage type are called boilers. Below we will consider the main aspects that are important to pay attention to when buying and using water heaters. The rating, which is built on the basis of live customer reviews, will help you understand the model range and popularity. The reader will be able to make sense of the myriad of products of this type by taking a closer look at the best boilers.

When choosing, you need to pay attention to such features as:

tank size - can be from 10 liters to 300. But, as practice shows, the most popular boiler-type heaters with a volume of 50, 80 and 100 liters
power. The larger the number in this paragraph, the faster the device will warm the water and, of course, the greater the energy consumption.
a heating element. Inside there may be a heating element or a spiral. The difference is that the former are somewhat more expensive, the latter have to be changed more often.
anti-corrosion anode. This is an element that, if necessary, independently eliminates small cracks in the tank
electrical protection. There are device safety standards, the manufacturer must take care of their provision in reality.

Top boilers for 100 liters

StiebelEltronShz 100 Lcd

The model will provide water supply to several points at the same time. The device is made of solid stainless steel with an internal enamel coating and 2 mm wall thickness. Its advantages:

German quality;
can be installed not only in houses with a voltage of 220 W, but also where there is 380 W;
there are two-tariff energy saving;
in the presence of a direct current anode made of titanium, an almost eternal part;
lsd display;
controlled by a sensor;
energy efficiency;
heat-insulating layer 100 mm thick;
self-diagnosis. A system capable of giving the user data on the location of the breakdown;
high level of protection system quality.

Of the minuses, only a high price tag, equal to approximately $ 1,600.

ElectroluxEwh 100 Royal

In second place is a very well-known brand, some owners of this water heater call it the strongest in the line of such Electrolux products due to the following advantages:

high degree of thermal insulation;
power adjustment function;
economy mode;
an important aspect is the cost of about $ 250.

As disadvantages, you can write down the complete fasteners, which do not allow you to install a water heater on a hollow concrete structure.

GarantermGti 100 V

GarantermGti 100V

Users deservedly consider the advantages:

warranty period of 7 years;
heating element power;
security;
several modes;
interesting design;
cost from $200.

The shortcomings included:

lack of a pipe to drain the water;
inconvenient cleaning process;
frequent malfunctions of heating elements in products that were assembled in China.

Hyundaih-swe1 100VUI068

Another well-known manufacturer of the world market.

Hyundaih-swe1 100VUI068

Hyundai presented its boiler as a reservoir capable of supplying hot water to all members of a large family at the same time. From the positive in it:

internal enamel coating;
quality raw materials;
reliability in work;
the density of the thermally insulating coating, due to its heat is kept in the tank longer;
extended length anti-corrosion anode;
decent automatic protection system;
regulation of the temperature regime, which will allow you to set the desired mode;
cheapness - about $ 130.

The owners of the boiler do not say anything about the shortcomings, remembering the low cost.

AemDem 100c

Manufacturers, production and assembly sites are located in Germany, which speaks for itself.

Advantages of German water heating tanks:

can be connected to both single-phase and three-phase networks;
high power heating element;
quality of thermal insulation;
magnesium anode, which has a visual indicator;
many modes;
the warranty period is 10 years;
heats up to 83 degrees;

From the reviews and characteristics, you can isolate the minus - the high cost that some cannot afford - $ 1,400.

Top quality boilers for 80 liters

Below is the top 80 liter boilers

Ariston Abs Pro EcoSlim 80V

The heater is known primarily for the quality and purity of water after heating thanks to several systems. They infect microbes by heating the water to the required temperature. So the benefits:

perfect water purification;
eco mode;
automatic protection system for all processes of the ABS0 unit;
the presence of a magnesium anode;
low cost - about $ 150.

However, the list of disadvantages included the low power of the device, which means that the liquid will heat up slowly. And not too strong insulating side - the tank cools down quickly compared to other models in this series.

Electrolux Centurioewh 80

The Swedish brand provides an interesting variation of the water heater. The tank is made of stainless steel and has a tubular heating element that heats the water up to 75 degrees. Some of the immediate benefits include:

nice design solution;
flat, compact dimensions of the tank, helping to eliminate the external weight of the structure;
the mass of an empty tank is 14 kg;
has a safety valve;
low price around $160.

The list of negative qualities include:

the exactingness of the tank to the quality of the liquid and, most likely, it will be necessary to install a filter;
no magnesium anti-corrosion anode;
those specimens that are assembled in China do not differ in long service life.

GorenjeOtdSlb6

According to those who have already bought and use this heater, it is he who is able to heat water faster than others in a series of similar ones. Pros:

water quickly heats up to 75 degrees at a power of 2 kW;
profitability;
protective elements in the presence of a thermostat, check valve and protective;
2 heating elements in the device;
internal enamel coating that prevents corrosion;
the presence of a magnesium anode;
Ease of Management;
price category up to $190.

On the negative side, some significant qualities fell:

weight equal to 30 kg;
uncomfortable drain;
drain hose not included.

ThermexSprint 80 Spr-v

The unit, like its previous competitor, is famous for quickly getting boiling water. But in this case, everything is thanks to the Turbo mode, which is able to transfer the technical structure to maximum power mode. As for the tank itself, its surface is made of a glass-ceramic coating. Thus, with a power of 2.5 kW, it makes the water 75 degrees. Positive points:

magnesium anti-corrosion anode;
strong defense system;
compactness;
progressive design.

Of the shortcomings, only that was revealed:

during operation, the contents of the tank occasionally drip through the pressure relief lever;
$200 is a bit overpriced.

TimberkswhRS1 80V

It differs in external simplicity, but behind the facade lies durable operation and easy operation.

Timberkswh RS1 80V

Stainless steel and a layer of enamel is the reason. The good side:

tubularity of the heating element, power 2 kW and its adjustment;
reliability;
anode against corrosion;
5 kg total weight.

From the bad in this model:

during operation, the power wire heats up;
price over $200.

In many regions, this has long become a habit. If there is no hot water all summer or even for several weeks, the solution is obvious. You need to buy a boiler. An electric water heater provides additional comfort and allows you not to depend on the public hot water systems.

The boiler maintains the required water temperature, while having a certain supply of it. There is a large selection of boilers on the Ukrainian market. But in order to choose the right boiler, you need to take into account many nuances.

What is a boiler

The water heater itself is a tank in which cold water is heated to a predetermined temperature using an electric heating element - a heating element.

There are two types of heating element: wet heating element - immersed in water, dry heating element - has no contact with water. Experts believe that the second option is better than the first, since scale does not form on it, which means it will last longer. Dry heating element is located in special flasks and does not come into direct contact with water. Usually dry heating is recommended to be used when the water contains a lot of salts. In this case, the wet heating element will fail much earlier.

The type of heating element is not the only thing that affects how much a boiler costs. Dry heating element will cost more than wet heating element. There are other parameters, due to which the price difference for different types of boiler reaches several thousand hryvnias.

The boiler is round and rectangular, narrow and wide. Basically, rectangular models are more convenient. Narrow boiler - suitable for a niche or cabinet. In this case, a narrow boiler can be both rectangular and oval-round. Before you buy a boiler, you need to figure out where you will install it. Depending on this, you have to make a choice of a boiler.

How does a boiler work

Once in the tank, the water is heated to a predetermined temperature, after which the thermostat turns off the heater. The desired temperature can be set. In the most inexpensive and simple models, the exact value in degrees is not set on the panel - they are limited to symbolic images, meaning gradation from "cold" to "hot". If the boiler is more expensive, then often the electronic control system already allows you to set the temperature with an accuracy of 1-2 degrees. Devices with the ability to program the heating temperature depending on the time will cost even more.

If you have not used water for a long time, for example, you have left for several days, and the boiler has not been turned off, then it will automatically heat the water when the temperature drops. So that the boiler does not work independently and there is no unnecessary consumption of electricity, it is better to turn off the water heater before leaving.

If the water cools down completely during your absence, then when you turn on the boiler, it will heat up for a couple of hours. The volume of the water heater also plays an important role here.

Volume and good wiring is an important point to consider before installing the boiler. Often, when choosing the volume of a water heater, they start from the number of people living in the living space.

The volumes of boilers vary from 10 liters (the smallest), they are often installed in the kitchen to wash dishes - up to 120. Boiler with a capacity of 1.5 - 2 kW - these are the models that Ukrainians most often buy, given that many high-rise buildings have a not very reliable power supply system. A boiler with a capacity of 1.5 kW and a volume of 80 liters will heat cold water in 3 hours. A 2 kW boiler will heat 80 liters in 2 hours. A tank of 50 liters will be heated by a 2 kV boiler in 1 hour.

Returning to the price: the larger the volume of the tank, the more expensive the boiler. Hence the question, do you need a boiler with a tank capacity of 120 liters if you live together?

There are models in which two heating elements are installed. This is a kind of insurance, in situations where there are problems with the use of significant power of electricity while the boiler and, for example, a washing machine or heater are operating at the same time. The inclusion of another powerful consumer can lead to the shutdown of the circuit breaker. In order not to knock out the plugs, due to the high load, you can turn on the boiler to an economical mode when one heating element is working. The water will heat up slowly, but there will be no overload.

Installation

Theoretically, you can install the boiler correctly - connect it to the mains and connect it to the water pipe - you can do it yourself. But it is better to consult a specialist. At the same time, it often happens that the person who bought the boiler has the right to warranty service and free installation. The first thing to determine is the location for the boiler. Most often, it is installed on the wall of the bathroom or toilet. But here the weight of the device is of great importance - after all, even an empty boiler often weighs about 25 kg. Add to this 50, 80 or even 120 kg of water. It is important to know that not every internal wall will support the weight of the boiler. When installing a water heater, it is advisable to use special steel anchors.

To properly install the boiler, professionals advise installing a separate outlet. After all, usually the outlet is designed for a voltage of 220 V and a current of 10 A. If we multiply these values, we get 2,200 W or 2.2 kW: this is the output of a standard outlet. There are also sockets for 16 A, their output can reach 3,520 W or 3.5 kW. If a 10-amp socket - in this case, we can talk about the allowable power of about 2 kW. Hence the approximately equal power of the heating element in the boiler, whether it is 50 or 150 liters.

Installation costs about 600 UAH - plus 300-500 UAH for consumables.

15-20-liter boiler without water 10-13 kg, add the weight of water (15-20 kg) and the output is 25-30 kg load on the wall;
a 50 l boiler weighs 17-20 kg empty and about 70 kg full;
an 80 liter model weighing 20-22 kg may well give 100 kg of additional load on the wall when fully filled with water;
larger models with a volume of 120-150 l provide an even greater load - up to 150-180 kg.

If you have opted for a 100-liter boiler or more, it is better to provide floor support for it. It can be a rack, supports, a locker with stops. Due to this support, most of the load will go to the stand, which will provide insurance to the fasteners.

Self installation

First of all, you need to read the instructions. The installation of a water heater is always described there. Then, you need to put a safety valve. This valve is installed on the cold water supply line (where cold water enters the boiler), cuts off the water supply when the boiler is filled and relieves excess pressure when the water boils, which saves the boiler from explosion.

The installation of the valve is mandatory; during the operation of the boiler, it may drip a little - this is the normal mode of operation. Carefully monitor the valve, clean its moving part from dirt and scale. This is the basis for the safety of the entire boiler system.

Be sure to pay attention to the electrical connection of the boiler. Perhaps in the old apartment you will even have to shift the wiring from the meter to the boiler outlet. The boiler wire itself in 99% of cases should be 3-core - taking into account grounding, which also needs to be checked in the outlet.

If you have old wiring and you are not sure about it, then it would be better to invite an electrician to make a separate line for the water heater or replace the wiring completely.

Problems in use

The boiler works on the principle of an electric kettle. That is, it tends to suffer from scale on the heating element. In Ukraine, hard water flows in taps, and this greatly reduces the life of the device. To combat this problem, softening filters are often installed.

Another problem with boilers is corrosion. To combat it, corrosion protection in the form of a magnesium anode rod is used. Such a rod takes all the impact on itself, gradually collapsing.

Each boiler is provided with an “anti-corrosion anode”. This anode serves as a “magnet” for rust and active chemical elements, thus it protects the boiler tank and must be replaced after 1-2 years and is, in fact, a consumable item. Together with the replacement of the anode, it is desirable to clean the heating element from scale, flush the boiler tank. But even so, in order for the water heater to last longer, it is necessary every six months to invite a master who can assess the condition of the anode rod and heating element and clean them.

Sometimes the master decides to replace the heater. This service is relatively inexpensive, within 300-350 UAH. When compared to buying a new boiler, it is much cheaper. Often, having bought a water heater, people do not think that they need preventive maintenance and maintenance. This saves both money and time. After all, buying a new boiler costs a pretty penny.