Do-it-yourself summer house - the main stages of construction and decoration (95 photos). Frame garden house (35 photos): projects

Even a small country house should have at least a kitchen and a recreation room. If you plan to spend the whole summer outside the city, in addition to often receiving guests, it makes sense to build a full-fledged building with all the amenities. We invite you to look at photos of country house projects.

Basic requirements of SNiP

The requirements for a building located on a garden plot are less stringent than for a residential building. However, if during the construction process you create discomfort for your neighbors, you may be forced to demolish the finished building.

Therefore, before choosing a project, you should familiarize yourself with the basic requirements of SNiP:

  • even on a small plot, the building can only be located at a distance of 3 m from the neighbor’s fence
  • the minimum distance from public territory (road) is also 3 m, and if there is a passage 5 m
  • if there are other buildings on your site, in order to reduce the risk of their fire, the distance between block or stone buildings is left at least 6 m, between a stone and a wooden building 10 m, if both buildings are wooden - 15 m; when using wood only as a ceiling - 8 m
  • if there is a nearby power line, the distance from it is from 10 m; from the high-voltage line it is even greater, up to 40 m
  • a certain distance (up to 4 m) must be retreated from tree trunks; 2 m is sufficient from low-growing trees.

Don't forget about building density. With standard dacha plot sizes of 6-10 acres, you have the right to occupy no more than 30% of the area with buildings.

The territory must have a mesh or lattice fence 1.5 m high. Solid fences are allowed only if this is agreed upon by the meeting of gardening members or both neighbors agree to this.

Do I need any permission?

According to Art. 51 clause 1 part 17 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, if the building is not intended for permanent residence, no special construction permit is required. But to obtain ownership rights to an already built garden house, as well as to other outbuildings, you will need to issue a cadastral passport and register with the Registration Chamber (according to a simplified scheme).

If it is planned to erect a residential building on a garden plot with the right to register in it, then it will be necessary to obtain a special permit signed by the executive authorities and a construction passport. As well as permission from the fire inspectorate. In the future, registration of ownership of the building will also be required.

Even a small building should last long enough

To make your country house as comfortable as possible, you should listen to the opinions of experts:

  • No matter how much you would like to build something unusual on your site, with little construction experience it is better to settle on a universal project that has already been tested over the years
  • when planning, you should immediately determine the size of the rooms and their location; this will allow you to immediately determine the supply of communications (sewage and water supply), which are laid at the stage of building the foundation
  • In order to save your own money, the design of even a temporary building must be thought out so that in the future it can be used as a bathhouse, barn or summer kitchen
  • be sure to take into account the possibility of further adding additional premises to the building: verandas, terraces, bathhouses and other buildings
  • even in a small house it is worth providing not only a relaxation room, but also a kitchen area
  • in the absence of other buildings, a separate place should be allocated for placing garden tools
  • the building must be durable enough to last at least 25-30 years

How much will construction cost?

Regardless of the size of the future garden house, before starting construction you will need to calculate the cost of its construction. To do this you need to think about:

  • Main settings: length, width and height of the building
  • type of foundation and its height
  • the type of materials used to construct the walls and their thickness
  • roof type
  • materials used for flooring
  • dimensions of each room
  • heating methods (if planned)
  • types of finishing materials
  • communication methods: electricity, sewerage, etc.

There are enough programs on the Internet that can calculate the approximate cost of construction of any type of building. Most of them have a free trial period. You can also use online calculators for calculations. Please note that the cost of materials may differ from those in your region of residence.

Since prices during the construction of a country house may increase if construction is planned for a long time, It is better to include a reserve of at least 10-20% of the total cost in the estimate. When calculating the cost, do not forget that such “little things” as roofing bolts, screws, primer, and plaster will also require considerable expenses.

It is better to purchase materials in one place - bulk purchases will be much cheaper.

Choosing a location on the site

Choosing the optimal location on the site

First you need to draw up a scale plan of the estate and mark the cardinal directions on it. We immediately mark on it existing buildings and large plants that are not subject to demolition. We shade all restricted areas on the plan (distances from the fence, power lines, etc.).

You should also not locate the building near compost pits and toilets - with the slightest breeze, unpleasant odors will enter the house. We mark favorable zones in dotted lines. Try to plan the site in such a way that even after construction there will be space for outbuildings (if they are needed), recreation areas, for example, a swimming pool, gazebos, playgrounds, etc.

In addition to the distances from neighboring buildings and roads established by SNiP, you should also focus on other factors:

  • It is better to locate a country house closer to access roads and sources of communications: loading and unloading crops and household items will not be a big problem in this case, and connecting to power supply and other communications will be cheaper
  • wind direction: to prevent the building from drying out quickly, you should not place windows and doors on the side of the prevailing winds
  • When the windows face south or east, the room will quickly overheat in the summer; it is better if the sun hits them in the afternoon
  • so that groundwater does not destroy the foundation of the building, the house is located on the most elevated place; on wetlands, if there is no alternative, you will need to consider a reliable drainage system and waterproofing the foundation
  • Pay attention to the appearance from the window, because comfort always comes from such little things.

Take your time choosing a project. Start development at least six months before the start of construction so that you have the opportunity to think it through thoroughly and make calculations without rushing.

We are drawing up a project

Of course, the design of a country house can be ordered from a specialized organization, but the prices for such services are considerable. When building a small house, it is much easier to use ready-made diagrams, which are abundant on the Internet, and supplement them with your own calculations.

Building plan

You will need several drawings. The first one indicates the location of all rooms, entrances and window openings, as well as the thickness of walls and partitions. The second figure shows the layout of the foundation and the roofing scheme.

Small building project

It is impractical to build too large a structure on 3-6 acres of land– it will take up most of the site. A grandiose structure is not required even if you spend little time at the dacha. In some cases, a small building without a foundation and assembled from boards or even plywood is sufficient. However, such a house will not last long.

Inexpensive panel or foam block buildings on a pile foundation will cost a minimal amount and will even go to your grandchildren. A small country house can have a standard size of 3x3 or 4x4 m, and it will even be possible to provide a separate small walk-through kitchen-dining room. The second room will have one or two sleeping places.

A small house may have only one room with space for kitchen cabinets, a dining table and a sleeping area. But even for a small country house, it makes sense to attach a winter glazed veranda or terrace along the long side of the building, 2 m long. The veranda is built on a common foundation or the foundation for it is poured separately.

Such a house can be made with a summer or winter attic. A medium-sized building will occupy a minimum of free space on the land plot, while the living area will increase. If there is an attic, bedrooms are located in it, and on the ground floor there is a kitchen and a bathroom.

It is better to complement such a building with a veranda or terrace, where you can comfortably settle down to relax in the evening. For better heat retention, a vestibule can be provided in front of the entrance. A small summer shower will fit perfectly on the veranda.

If lightweight timber is used to build walls, and there are no problems with the soil (it is not too wet or loose, and groundwater does not rise too high), it is sufficient to erect a strip foundation. The foundation for the stove is prepared simultaneously with the foundation of the house. For a veranda, a columnar base will be sufficient.

For a log house made of 150x150 timber, a strip of foundation 25 cm wide is prepared. The terrace is installed separately on pillars with a cross-section of 25 cm, buried in the ground at a distance of 60 cm. When building in marshy areas or erecting brick walls, you will need a full-fledged deeply buried foundation.

To save money, the foundation for the veranda can be made as a separate lightweight foundation (column or pile). It can be added after construction is completed. But the option with a separate foundation is suitable only if there is soil that is not prone to movement, otherwise the foundation will move.

Large house project

If the family is large and the country house is planned to be used as a residential one, including in winter, it makes sense to build a permanent building from rounded logs, timber or even brick according to ready-made designs measuring 5.3x8.4 m, 7x8.4 m, 10x8 m and more. You can also order the development of your own non-standard project.

Such houses require a full strip foundation. It is laid below the freezing point of the soil, so that when seasonal temperatures change, movement and deformation of the structure does not occur.

A large country house can be two-story or consist of one floor and an insulated attic. It will have enough space not only for residents, but also for guests. On the ground floor there is a kitchen, bathroom and living room, and on the second floor there are bedrooms, children's rooms, an office and other rooms if necessary.

To avoid unnecessary problems with the supply of water, gas and sewerage, it is not worth moving the bathroom and cooking room to the second floor. It is also customary to arrange the living room on the ground floor, near the kitchen and away from the bedrooms.

If the building is planned to be used all year round, it is better to build not an attic, but a full second floor. Otherwise, almost the same amount of money will be spent on its insulation, wind and vapor barrier as on the construction of the second floor. It is also necessary to take into account heating costs - in the winter cold, solid walls will store heat much better than even well-insulated thin attic walls.

House with an attic

A country house with an attic will cost less than the construction of a full-fledged two-story building only if it will be used only in the summer. But even when arranging it you will need insulation. Otherwise, on sunny days it will be too hot. The heat insulation layer is made slightly thinner than for winter use.

If only the first floor is heated, only the walls of the building and the ceiling are insulated, leaving the attic cold. The door/lid intended for access to the upper floor is made as tight as possible and additionally insulated.

When constructing a conventional gable roof, the living space in the attic will not be enough. To increase the free space, the roof is made broken. However, its construction is more complex, and more materials will be required.

Another way to expand the space in the attic is to raise the walls just above the first floor. Such houses are called “one-and-a-half story houses.” By raising the walls, the area of ​​the premises will increase slightly.

Project of a house with a glazed veranda

The veranda can be attached to only one side of the house or run along two or even three walls. On heaving soils, it is better to build the foundation for it simultaneously with the foundation of the house. After all, when making a separate shallow foundation, you will gain only 1-2 m.

Most often, the veranda is completely glazed or the lower half of the wall is covered, and double-glazed windows or single frames are inserted along the top. You will receive a full-fledged room in which you can equip a dining room, living room or kitchen. In the warm season, the windows can be opened wide.

The veranda can also serve as a continuation of the living room. It can also be equipped with a small sports corner, a children's playroom or even an office.

House with terrace

On the covered terrace you can not only sit down for tea on a warm summer evening. On hot or rainy days, you can use it to do some current chores without littering the house. Often it is built upon completion of the main construction on a separate columnar foundation.

The garage is built as an extension to the house or is located on the ground floor. The walls and foundation can be made of brick or concrete blocks. If the soil is wet or loose, the house is installed on a reinforced concrete pad.

Two-storey house

If the family is large enough, and the size of the plot does not allow building a large country house, it makes sense to build a two-story building. In this case, you will be able to squeeze the maximum benefit out of even a small piece of land. The size of such a structure can be any from 4x4 m to 10x10 m or more.

The construction of a second floor will not cost much more. The load on the foundation increases by only 60%. Costs for flooring and roofing do not increase at all. Only the cost of materials for walls and floor coverings will be added. Thus, a square meter of area will cost less than in the case of a one-story building.

Experts do not advise overloading houses made of timber with an additional floor. It has enough advantages, but its strength has limits.

Country house combined with a bathhouse or sauna

If the land plot does not allow you to allocate a separate place for the construction of a bathhouse, it is quite possible to attach it to a country house. Such a project is also economically beneficial - after all, much more building materials will be needed for a separate building. There will be no need for separate communications - light and water supply.

Very often, a bathhouse or sauna is added to a house after construction is completed. The foundation for it is selected depending on the type of soil and the total weight of the building. To protect against moisture, the walls are carefully waterproofed.

Even if the bathhouse is being built simultaneously with a residential building, the foundation for it is made separate so that due to the difference in humidity, cracks do not appear and it does not move away from the general structure. The foundation must be built separately from the foundation of the house.

Indeed, due to high humidity, cracks may appear in it, and the base of the bathhouse will begin to move away from the foundation of the entire structure. Sewer and water supply pipes are laid in it. A separate drainage pit is prepared at a distance of at least 3-5 m from the foundation.

To prevent moisture from entering the room, the entrances to the bathhouse or sauna and the house are made separate. Between them you can build a covered corridor-transition, veranda, gazebo, or at least a canopy - in this case, when moving from the bathhouse to the house in winter, the likelihood of catching a cold is reduced. Since baths and saunas are a source of high humidity, you should carefully consider the ventilation system and waterproofing of the room.

In addition to ventilation holes, it is advisable to provide a window or small window for ventilation. The most acceptable option is to connect the steam room to a wall with a stove located in the house. In this case, the bathhouse or sauna will dry out much faster.

House with bay window

A bay window is a small part of a room protruding beyond the facade. Such structures will look ridiculous against the background of a building of a regular shape. A bay window will look harmonious only if there is a complex architecture, an unusual shape of windows, a roof or an entrance lobby.

It can be built into only one of the floors or pass through two floors at once. The bay window can have any shape: from semicircular to trapezoidal or pentagonal. With its help, it is possible to expand the area of ​​the building - in such extensions there are dining areas, winter gardens or work rooms.

In the absence of experience in construction, it is hardly possible to create such a structure, and the project will need to be ordered from specialists. However, such a house looks very unusual.

It is possible to attach a bay window after the construction of the country house. In this case, cantilever slabs are used as the foundation, which are built into the load-bearing wall. Such a foundation is buried to the same level as the foundation of the entire house. To lay out shaped protrusions, brick or profiled timber with a special locking system is most often used.

The protruding elements of the bay window lead to a weakening of the rigidity of the entire structure, so the frame of the house must be strengthened.

How much will it cost to purchase a finished building?

If you have no experience in construction, it makes sense to purchase a ready-made turnkey building. Depending on the allocated amount, you can buy either a simple panel structure or a full-fledged structure made of timber or logs. Since the cost of materials in each region may vary, it is better to find out the prices for such houses on the relevant websites.

  • For example, a small house made of 3x3 m timber with clapboard cladding will cost 60 thousand rubles.
  • An average-sized building of 5x3 m will cost about 10 thousand rubles.
  • A full-fledged log house with a veranda can be purchased for 270 thousand rubles.

Materials used for construction

The choice of foundation type depends on the type of soil and the total weight of the structure:

  • columnar or pile foundations made from concrete blocks, bricks, reinforced concrete, rubble stone in increments of 1-2.5 m; to combine them into one structure that serves as the support of the house, a grillage made of wood or metal is used; the most economical option, more suitable for light timber or frame buildings, log houses; in country construction, screw piles are mainly used; driven, driven and drilled piles are used less frequently;
  • strip foundation: a more durable support made of reinforced concrete, brick or rubble, such a tape runs along the entire perimeter of the house and internal partitions; is divided into two types: shallowly buried in the ground at 40-70 cm and deeply buried (used for heaving soils) 1.5-1.8 m below the freezing level; strip bases can be used for any type of house from cast, block to brick;
  • slab base in the form of a monolithic reinforced slab located on a sand and gravel bed; when the soil heaves, such a foundation is capable of lowering and rising without any deformation; such a base simultaneously serves as a subfloor; Suitable for all types of buildings, including large ones.

A columnar foundation on loose soils or with close groundwater passage is unacceptable. In these cases, strip foundations are used.

Most types of foundations are built on a 20-30 cm sand and gravel cushion, which protects the foundation from groundwater and capillary moisture. It is especially important in the presence of heaving (peaty and clayey) soil, which, when frozen, changes its volume and rises to the top. In the absence of a sand and gravel substrate, this can lead to warping of the foundation and cracking of the walls.

This cushion also helps to perfectly level the base before pouring the foundation. With its help, the pressure of the building on the ground is distributed more evenly. If it is absent and the structure settles unevenly, it may simply warp. Such a pillow is not made only on sandy soils or very wetlands.

When laying the foundation, sewerage and water supply pipes are immediately laid. Their depth is 0.5 m below the freezing point of the soil. If this is not possible, the pipes are additionally insulated. To ensure gravity flow of liquid, they are laid at a slight inclination of 4-7°.

Wall materials

The choice of materials for the walls of a country house depends on many factors: personal preferences, region of construction, duration of residence (all year round or only in the summer), project requirements and, of course, the allocated amount:

  • frame or panel buildings: their main advantages are low cost and ease of construction; The disadvantages include high flammability, low wind resistance and poor thermal insulation - a few years after the shrinkage of mineral wool or polystyrene foam laid between the frame posts, it will be difficult to heat the house; service life 30-40 years;
  • slag-cast: inexpensive buildings, for arranging the walls, formwork is prepared into which a mixture of cement and coal slag is poured; this method was even used in the construction of residential buildings several decades ago; the main disadvantage of this material is its low moisture resistance: inside such rooms, due to dampness, fungus quickly grows; service life up to 50-70 years;
  • lightweight houses made of gas or foam blocks: these inexpensive materials are 8 times larger than ordinary bricks, so the construction of the building will be quick, in addition, the blocks are easy to saw or drill; due to their high porosity they have high heat and sound insulation; the service life of aerated concrete is up to 50-80 years, foam blocks are slightly lower;
  • sandwich panel houses: unlike frame and panel panels, the strength element in them is not racks and crossbars, but the panel itself, filled with polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam or mineral wool. Such structures do not require assembly - fragments of the future building are delivered ready-made, all that remains is to assemble them; although such products are more expensive than panel and frame products, the disadvantages are the same - high flammability and short service life; although manufacturers claim that such a house can last up to a hundred years, in practice, within a couple of decades after the insulation shrinks, it will be problematic to live in the house permanently;
  • houses made of timber or log cabins: durable eco-friendly building; excellent heat retention; service life 100 years or more; garden houses made of timber can be purchased ready-made, “turnkey”;
  • brick or stone buildings: their construction will cost much more, but they will last 100-150 years or more.

Roof

For an inexpensive country house, it would be optimal to use a roof made of metal tiles or corrugated sheets. Such a roof is quite durable and not afraid of bad weather and can last up to 40 years. Rolled metal coated with a colored protective film looks quite aesthetically pleasing. Metal tiles are more convenient when arranging roofs of complex shapes.

The disadvantages of these two materials include a high noise level during rain or wind - the impact of every drop will be heard in the room. That is why it is worth considering soundproofing the ceiling.

Inexpensive polystyrene foam is a good heat insulator, but there is no point in using it as a sound insulator - it conducts sounds quite well. In addition, this material is flammable.

When using roofing felt as a roof, it is better to choose a material with an additional protective coating in the form of abrasive chips - it will last longer. However, the service life of inexpensive bitumen-based materials is short and is only 12-15 years. For euroroofing felt based on fiberglass, it lasts a little longer - 20-30 years.

The most optimal material for the roof of a building used not only in summer, but also in winter, is slate. At a relatively low cost, it has excellent characteristics - it is not afraid of temperature changes, is chemically resistant, and its actual service life is up to 30-40 years. However, slate weighs a lot and increases the load on the foundation, so this fact must be taken into account when laying the foundation.

Arrangement of partitions

There is a rule in construction: partitions should not exceed the weight of load-bearing walls. The simplest inexpensive structures are frame, panel or plank. It is better not to use drywall in an unheated building - it quickly absorbs moisture and will warp over time.

In such a house it is better to use ordinary partitions made of boards, then covered with shingles and plastered with lime. Any types of partitions are installed only on the subfloor. After installing the frame, which is attached to the frames to the floor and ceiling, heat insulators are laid inside, with the help of which heat is more evenly distributed indoors.

When constructing walls from timber or logs, the arrangement of partitions begins only after the wood has settled. The timber will settle for at least 6 months, but it will take at least a year for the logs to dry out. Glued laminated timber almost does not shrink, so the installation of partitions can begin immediately after construction is completed.

Facade finishing

Facade plaster

Cinder block houses or cinder-cast structures can simply be plastered and then painted with façade paint. Frame houses are covered with wood, finished with siding, block house (log panels) or thermal panels. It is also possible to plaster them.

If you have available funds, you can clad your country house with a ventilated facade with porcelain tiles or bricks. However, the cost of these materials cannot be called democratic.

Insulation

If a heated building is not insulated sufficiently, this will lead not only to increased costs for coal or gas, but also to the appearance of condensation in the premises due to high temperature differences. Protecting the building from temperature changes and excess moisture by installing insulation will significantly extend its service life.

It is better to insulate a building only from the facade side, so that the dew point (the temperature at which water vapor turns into water) does not move inside the building. You will need to insulate both the foundation, the ceiling above the basement (between the joists or under the screed), the attic floor, and the walls themselves.

As a heat insulator, you can use inexpensive polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam, mineral wool, sawdust or expanded clay. The last two are used as foundation insulation and attic backfill. Extruded polystyrene foam, resistant to rotting, can be used both for thermal insulation of walls and insulation of the foundation of a house.

To insulate the walls, a frame is prepared, between which waterproofing and a layer of insulation are laid. It is recommended to install a film on top of the heat insulator to serve as a wind barrier. Next, the frame is covered with any finishing material.

A frame house is an excellent solution for a country house. This structure can be erected in a short period of time and does not require special construction skills. Today we will talk about how to build a frame house on a site, we will talk about the main stages of construction and mistakes made that are easy to avoid. The design really exists, it was made by hand.

Frame house project

Preparing a frame house project is the initial and most important stage of construction. allows the construction of buildings of different heights and purposes on the site. We decided to build a 6 by 4 light frame house on the site, consisting of one single room, with four windows and a hip roof. Insulation of the house was not provided, since it is planned to be used exclusively in the summer.

You can find it online, or you can draw the project yourself. To develop a project, special programs are mainly used, but if the house does not have complex architectural solutions, you can draw it by hand on a regular sheet of paper.

Project of a frame house on a piece of paper.

The drawing must indicate all the functional parts of the house, such as door and window openings, the roof structure, the thickness of the walls, floors, you can indicate what materials will be used in the work and calculate the approximate cost of construction in order to build a frame house inexpensively.

It is the design drawing that allows you to determine what economic costs will be needed for construction.

Frame house foundation

Once the decision has been made to build a frame house for a summer residence and a rough plan for it has been drawn up, you can begin to select a suitable site for construction. The surface should preferably be flat, then there will be no problems with installing the foundation and installing the floor.


The logs were treated with protective impregnation.

We decided to do without a foundation and began building the floor directly on the ground, which was leveled with gravel. This is the first and main mistake when we started building an inexpensive frame house.

Installation of floor joists on crushed stone.

We built the floor frame from nine 150x50 mm six-meter-long boards, which allowed us to install transverse floor joists without joints along the entire length of the house. In addition, we used two more four-meter boards, which were placed on the end of the log. The distance between the floor joists was 500 mm, which is quite enough for the given thickness of the board and the thickness of the plywood for the floor.

Before thoroughly nailing the floor joists together, you need to make sure that the diagonals of this base are equal to each other. You also need to check the location of the frame house relative to the neighboring fence and. It is important to check the horizontal level of the floor joists that are located on the crushed stone, and if necessary, add it easily.

Despite the fact that a turnkey frame house is considered a fairly lightweight structure and can be built directly on the ground, the foundation of a frame house performs certain functions:

  1. Evenly distributes loads from the entire structure.
  2. Ensures the durability of the structure, protecting it from freezing and groundwater.
  3. Prevents warping and shrinkage during soil movement.

Strip foundation

Before building, it is better to choose a strip foundation for that type of construction. You will spend more time and effort on construction, but you will make the entire structure durable. Strip foundations will be especially in demand if construction is carried out on stable soils.

Strip foundation on crushed stone.

When constructing a strip foundation, you can organize additional rooms in the basement. If a basement is not planned, then soil remains inside the foundation contour. Please note that the width of the strip foundation should be greater than the thickness of the walls of your frame house.

After the construction of the foundation is completed, the lower frame of the floor is installed, it is done using a beam or board placed on the end. The board is installed around the perimeter of the foundation, or along the perimeter of the future house directly on the ground (as in our case). The joints are connected using nails; the structure can be further strengthened using special metal staples. To enhance the load-bearing capacity of the floor structure, transverse joists are installed.

On a note

The floorboard must be treated with an antiseptic.

When building our house, we immediately started installing the frame, but after framing it is advisable to start installing the subfloor. If the house is planned to be used not only in the summer, insulation material is laid between the joists, then a vapor barrier film, and the last layer is plywood sheets.

Frame of a frame house

A do-it-yourself frame country house has a lightweight structure and a lightweight frame. The frame of the frame house is attached to the floor frame.


Installation of frame house walls.

Initially, corner posts are installed; metal brackets can be used for reliable fastening, but we did without using them. The U-shaped frame of the wall is knocked together at the bottom and must be fastened with corner jibs, and only after that it is raised and fixed on temporary supports.


Power frame of the walls of a summer house.

To ensure greater reliability of the structure, we attached each corner post with additional jibs at the top and bottom, so they protect the frame house in the photo from loosening. We nailed two corner posts of the frame in each corner together with 100 mm nails.

After installing the main corner posts, you can begin to secure the remaining ones, one each on a four-meter wall and two posts on a six-meter wall. The boards of the top trim along the long wall are fastened together by two beams.

Hip roof

As soon as the main supporting frame of the frame garden house has been erected, you can begin to build the roof truss system.


Hip roof ridge with central rafters.

We decided on the type of roof and its slope at the stage of drawing up the design of the future house. A small frame house will have a hip roof, with a minimum slope for that type of roof of 20 degrees. In a hip roof, two slopes have a trapezoidal shape, the other two have a triangular shape.

The frame summer house has a hip roof, which provides additional protection for the entire structure due to the fact that all slopes are inclined.

At the first stage of the construction of the rafter system, the installation of the mauerlat is carried out - a special wooden beam or board, which is installed along the entire perimeter of the frame walls. In this case, we did without muerlat, and distributed the load over the top strapping, which has good rigidity due to the fact that it stands on the end of the board.


Hip roof power frame.

At the next stage, the ridge girder is installed, the size of which must be calculated correctly, since it is this component of the roof that bears the main load. The two-meter-long ridge girder and central rafters were assembled on the ground, and only then were they lifted up and installed.

After fixing the ridge girder, they install diagonal rafters, which, like the ridge itself, are made of 150 by 50 mm boards. Diagonal rafters rest with one edge on the ridge, and the other edge on the corner where the top frame of the house meets. All fastenings are made using ordinary metal nails, which does not in any way affect the strength of the structure.

When the power frame of the hip roof is ready, you can continue to build the roof further. The intermediate rafters and outer rafters are attached, which we made from two inch pieces nailed together.


Hip roof rafter system.

After installing the rafter system, it is necessary to install the hip roof sheathing. We made it from an inch and began nailing it from the eaves overhang towards the ridge, with the same distance between the sheathing boards.


Sheathing of the roof truss system.

A one-story frame house can be covered with a roofing covering and a regular metal profile can be used. This roofing material is easy to work with; it is coated with special substances that protect against corrosion and premature destruction. Other advantages of this roofing material include light weight, affordable cost and a huge range of colors.

Before installing the material, you need to take care of additional protection of the structure. For these purposes, you can use a waterproofing material that is attached directly to the rafter system with metal brackets. But we did not use it for the reason that the frame house will not be insulated.


Roof made of metal profiles.

Installation of the metal profile begins from the end of the roof. The main thing is to install the first sheet correctly; the location of all subsequent ones depends on it. The first sheet of metal profile is attached to the ridge girder using self-tapping screws, all subsequent sheets are overlapped with the previous sheets and connected with self-tapping screws.

External cladding of the house

After completing the roof construction, you can begin cladding the frame. In our case, the frame of the frame house was sheathed on the outside with OSB sheets. In this case, only two far walls were sheathed with OSB, one of them was directed towards the fence, and the other to the side. Before the OSB sheets were screwed onto the self-tapping screws, we installed additional 100 mm inch posts.


Covering external walls with OSB sheets.

For the summer frame house, we decided to make four large square windows of 1500 mm each, because we wanted more light. We also made the frame for the windows from an inch board; it turned out to be light, because the entire load is carried by the power frame of the garden house made from a 150 by 50 mm board.


Frame for four windows.

The two front sides of the frame country house were covered with a block house to add individuality to the structure. Due to the fact that the house was built only on weekends, the block house was immediately treated with a special wood impregnation to imitate mahogany.


Covering the front wall with a block house.

In the place where the door is mounted in the house, two racks made of 150 by 50 boards were installed to more securely fasten the door.


Door trim and installation.

If you plan to live in a house not only in hot weather, then it is important to insulate the interior walls with mineral wool and waterproof the interior walls after working with the block house. The waterproofing film is attached around the entire perimeter of the interior; it simply covers the opening. After attaching, the film is carefully trimmed and secured inside the window and door opening using a construction stapler.


Frame house without inserted windows.

After this, you can begin finishing the frame house with your own hands.

Interior lining of the house

The interior cladding of the house is done using lining. Since the frame garden house was originally planned to be used only in the summer, the walls were not insulated; the frame was simply sheathed with OSB sheets and blockhouse.


Finishing of internal walls with clapboard.

To improve the performance characteristics of the structure, insulation is performed. At the previous stage, we already wrote about how to properly lay waterproofing film after installing insulation. Most often, such structures use either mineral wool or ordinary polystyrene foam.

They can be built on a summer cottage; they are made from special panels, the design of which already includes both insulation and waterproofing. The lining is attached on top of the insulation.

Windows and doors

When fixing windows, be sure to leave openings that will be filled with polyurethane foam. If the profile does not have a protective transport film, it is better to paste it around the perimeter with mounting tape; this procedure will protect the structure from expansion of the mounting foam.


Installation of single-leaf windows.

Our inexpensive frame house used windows that open to the sides like on a balcony. If you encounter difficulties during installation, it is better to involve specialists in the work. The protection of the room from cold and moisture will depend on the correct installation of window and door profiles.

On a note

The polyurethane foam is carefully trimmed only after it has completely hardened; at the same stage, all protective films are removed.

Laminate flooring

You can begin installing the finished floor only after completing the installation of windows and doors, otherwise air entering the room from the street can cause damage to the floor covering.


Laminate flooring in the house.

In our frame garden house, we decided to use high-quality laminate. Laying is carried out on a subfloor made of plywood, on top of which a special sealing material is laid.

Roof insulation with foam plastic

After completing the flooring work, we started thinking about insulating the roof and further increasing sound insulation during rain. This is another serious mistake - it is advisable to complete all the finishing work, including the roof, and only then begin installing the floor covering, otherwise there is a high risk of simply ruining the floor.


Roof insulation with foam plastic.

We decided to insulate the frame country house with our own hands using polystyrene foam. The foam panels are attached to the rafter system from the inside of the house tightly to each other; if gaps remain, cold air will easily penetrate into the room. It is not necessary to attach a waterproofing film between the roof sheathing and the foam.


Roof sheathing with OSB panels.

The foam is covered with OSB panels on top, after which you can begin finishing the roof or leave everything as is.


Almost finished finishing.

Today we talked about how to build a frame garden house with your own hands, based on personal experience. Some mistakes were made during the construction process, but they had virtually no effect on the overall functionality of the structure.

The frame house took several years to build, because most of the time was on weekends and only on our own. With such DIY construction, you can count on low prices for frame houses. In our example, you saw that anyone can build a frame house, even without deep construction skills.

Construction of a small frame house at the dacha will not take much time and will not even require large financial investments. Hundreds of designs for comfortable houses with a porch, attic, and a full second floor have been developed for suburban areas. There are options with a kitchen and bathroom - comfortable country homes. And there are small huts for relaxation on days off. Familiarize yourself with the features and principles of frame construction. Choose a project and make your dream come true.

Advantages of frame houses for a summer residence

To understand the reasons for the popularity of frame houses for summer cottages, you need to pay attention to their many advantages:

  • Speed ​​of construction. From the moment of approval of the project of a house with an area of ​​up to 150 sq. As a rule, it takes less than 90 working days until it is ready for finishing. This time is enough for the construction team to completely assemble the structure of the building on the customer’s site.
  • Low cost. Construction of a house from a wooden frame costs on average 30% cheaper than building with bricks, blocks or timber. These savings come from minimizing waste, rational use of materials and building a simple foundation.
  • No special equipment is required during construction work.
  • Relatively light weight. Small frame houses usually weigh no more than 20 tons. Thanks to this, a wooden frame house can be installed on inexpensive pile or shallow strip foundations.

  • If necessary, such a house can be disassembled and moved to another location.
  • Lack of seasonality of construction. Construction work can be carried out regardless of weather conditions and season, since the technology does not involve wet processes.
  • Easy to install. If you wish and have minimal construction skills, you can build a simple frame house on your own.
  • Thermal comfort. In buildings made of wooden frames, the air warms up quickly and heat is retained well. This helps create a comfortable microclimate and saves on heating costs.
  • Duration of operation. In terms of their service life (30-50 years), frame buildings are practically not inferior to block and brick ones.
  • Aesthetic properties. The technology allows you to create houses of almost any configuration.
  • Interior and exterior decoration are simplified due to the initially flat surface of the walls.

Preparing for construction - choosing a project

Before starting construction work, you should choose a frame country house project, or at least sketch out the layout and decide on the height and overall dimensions. This is necessary to calculate the required amount of materials and subsequent purchases.

For a small plot, you can choose a country house with an area of ​​4x6 or 6x6 square meters. m. These are houses with the simplest layout: one or two rooms and a small terrace. Such economy class ones are most often chosen by summer residents. You can order such a house turnkey or build it yourself.

Depending on the seasonality of residence, country houses can be heated. But, if you do not plan to operate the house in the cold season, the presence of a heating system is not necessary. At the same time, you should take it seriously insulation of walls and roofs to prevent freezing of structures in winter.

Car owners can include a garage or carport in the project in advance, so as not to build an extension in the future. The bathhouse will also be a huge plus from the point of view of organizing a country holiday.

Construction of a frame garden house

Wooden frame buildings are easy to install. At the same time, it is possible to build a cheap frame house with your own hands. But, if you wish, you can order a turnkey country house without bothering yourself with calculations and the construction process.

Preparing the base

The construction site is prepared as follows:

  1. Remove the plant layer of soil (about 15 cm of soil).
  2. Leveling.
  3. Carry out breakdown. When breaking down, the axes of the house are secured; wooden stakes are used for this purpose.
  4. A pit is dug around the perimeter of the planned foundation. A sand and gravel mixture is poured into the bottom of the pit, then a layer of rubble. The total thickness of such backfill is from 15 to 25 cm.

Foundation construction

Choice type of foundation depends on the type of soil on the site. The most common option is shallow. Another option is pile and columnar foundations.
If the soil on the site is waterlogged or construction is carried out on a slope or in a swampy area, at the base of the building it is necessary to make a strong cushion of compacted sand and fill it with cement mortar.

If the planned house has two floors or more, the foundation is reinforced with thick metal rods.

If you want to build a reliable foundation inexpensively, you should pay attention to asbestos cement pipes. To do this, they are placed along the perimeter of the planned structure at a distance of 1 m from each other to a depth of 1 meter. The pipes are covered with soil, compacted and filled with cement.

Frame installation

To add rigidity, a lower frame and a subfloor are made on the prepared foundation. As a rule, it is assembled from 100x50 mm boards. Then the subfloor is fixed with anchor bolts, logs are laid, between which the insulation is placed.

Vertical racks are installed in corners, door and window openings in increments of 60 cm to avoid problems with laying insulation. It is mandatory to install transverse beams and jibs.

For corner posts, a beam with a cross section of 100x100 mm is suitable. Floor joists and rafters are also installed in increments of 60 cm. Installation of the upper trim is carried out in the same way as the lower one. If there is a staircase to the second floor, its installation locations are additionally fixed with transverse beams.

Construction of the roof of a country house

When the installation of the frame is completed, you can proceed to assembling the roof. Light materials should be selected for the roof without overloading the foundation.

Economy country frame houses, as a rule, have a pitched roof. But in cases where the attic space is intended to be used for living, it is preferable to choose a gable roof. In this case, it is recommended to place the ridge at a height of 2.5 m.

To install the roof, vertical posts with spacers are installed at the ends of the house, then a ridge beam is laid on them. The side slopes of the roof are filled with boards in increments of 0.5 to 1 m. The slope is strengthened by installing cross members in a checkerboard pattern.

Sheathing

Sheathing work begins after the wooden frame has been erected. For walls, sheets of chipboard, fiberboard or plasterboard, boards or timber are usually used. In addition, there are ready-made panels for walls that already have a heat-insulating layer, window and door openings in their design. But such blocks are more expensive and have quite a lot of weight; they cannot be installed alone.

On the outside, inexpensive frame country houses are most often finished with sheets of moisture-resistant plywood, secured in a checkerboard pattern. At the joints between the plywood, cross members are additionally secured. Sheet connections are made at the rack level.

For interior cladding, boards or sheets of plywood are used. Thermal insulation slabs are placed in the space between the outer and inner cladding.

Finished floor boards are laid with compaction with staples and fastened to the joists with large nails. It is recommended to choose wood of the same type for the finished and subfloor so that during operation the structure does not warp due to the difference in expansion coefficients.

Finally, the floor covering is leveled with a plane, polished and treated with drying oil or oil. If you plan to lay linoleum or other flooring in the future, polishing may not be necessary.

To install a ceiling in a one-story house, you will need the following materials:

  • lining or edged board, 2.5 cm thick;
  • hydro- and heat-insulating materials;
  • polyurethane foam;
  • sheets of chipboard, fiberboard or plasterboard;
  • other consumables

Ceiling sheathing is most often made with plasterboard sheets. In rooms that are characterized by high humidity, it is recommended to use moisture resistant drywall. If the house has more than one floor, the ceiling board should be more than 3 cm thick.

Insulation of a country house

As a material for thermal insulation, you can choose the most suitable option in terms of price and properties:

  • Expanded polystyrene is an effective, inexpensive thermal insulation material, but it is also fire hazardous and less environmentally friendly.
  • Stone or mineral wool in rolls or slabs is the most common insulation.
  • Ecowool with special protective impregnation against fires and rodents is a more technologically advanced, but expensive insulation material.

When carrying out work on insulating a frame garden house, special attention should be paid to the installation of moisture and vapor barriers, which also contribute to the creation of thermal comfort and increase the service life of the building.

Among the many options for country houses, developers most often choose frame buildings. Arrangement of a small living space on a suburban area in the shortest possible time at low financial costs is an undeniable advantage of frame technology.
This video report from the construction of a frame house for a summer residence provides useful tips on construction and saving.

Owners of suburban areas dream of their own cottages. Country frame houses allow you to get a large living space and implement unusual design solutions.

Projects of cottages for summer cottages can be very different. The appearance of buildings, their interior decoration and the number of rooms depend on a number of factors.

Main types of layouts of country cottages

The layout of the houses depends not only on the wishes of the customer, but also on the region in which construction is planned. As practice shows, in the Moscow region they prefer single living spaces, in the style of studios. In the provinces they prefer classic rooms.

Despite this, all plans have common features. In the vast majority of cottages, the lower floor is reserved for common rooms. There is a living room, kitchen, pantry, boiler room, bathroom and large bedroom.

The second floor contains private rooms and bedrooms. If many people will live in the house, then an additional bathroom is installed on the top floor.

A huge advantage of frame buildings is that redevelopment can be done at any time. This will not cause any special problems, since the house has no main walls other than the frame itself.

For this reason, construction companies easily meet with customers and redo the layout according to their requirements.

Reasons for the popularity of country houses

Important factors for promoting houses can be considered:

  • Accelerated pace of construction.
  • Affordable price of cottages.
  • Complete absence of shrinkage.
  • Possibility of quick redevelopment.
  • Excellent thermal insulation properties.
  • Resistance to seismic shocks.

The combination of these factors has made frame buildings popular throughout the world. In the USA and Canada, more than 80% of all low-rise cottages are built using frame technology and there is no tendency to change the situation in the construction market.

In Russia, the popularity of turnkey frame cottages is only gaining popularity, but there is a trend towards explosive growth in construction. By 2030, more than half of the buildings will be built using frame technology.

In this article we will look at how to build a frame garden house with your own hands on a country plot. It will significantly increase the functionality of your dacha at relatively low financial costs. You only need to perform a few installation steps.

Construction works

Before starting construction work, you should draw up a project for the future house:

Step 1: project

A distinctive feature of a garden frame house is its small size, which is usually 4 by 4 or 6 by 6 meters. You can easily distribute such a small area for household needs yourself.

The following should be noted on the drawing:

  • Exact dimensions of load-bearing walls and internal partitions.
  • Hallway, kitchen, living room and bedroom. This is the minimum set of rooms that will allow you to use the building as a full-fledged home.
  • The location of stationary heavy furniture, as it may require reinforcement underneath.

Advice: if you plan to use the building all year round, then you should immediately include the location of the stove in the design.
This will create a microclimate suitable for living even in winter.

  • All windows and doors.

Step 2: foundation

When constructing any house, three foundation options are considered:

Taking into account the fact that our project does not have a ground floor or second floor, and the opportunity to save money is always welcome, we opted for a columnar foundation.

Instructions for performing the necessary work:

  1. We apply markings for the location of nine or more, depending on the layout, piles.
  2. We dig holes in the ground one and a half meters deep and twenty centimeters in cross section.

Tip: You can use a drill to create suitable holes in the ground. This way you will complete the task faster and more accurately.

  1. We insert the asbestos pipe so that its edges rise at least 15 cm above the freezing level of the soil.
  2. We fill the bottom with a twenty-centimeter layer of sand cushion.
  3. We lay roofing material inside the pipe walls to create waterproofing.
  4. We install the fittings.
  5. Fill with concrete mortar, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
Ingredient Ratio
Cement 1
Sand 3
Crushed stone 5
Water 4,5

After the cement has set, you can begin further work.

Step 3: frame

  1. We take a beam with a section of 150 by 100 mm and lay out the lower frame from it along the perimeter of the future building, as well as in the middle at the intersection of rooms.

  1. We drill holes in the timber and concrete, after which we fix the strapping with self-tapping screws and dowels.
  2. We nail the wooden elements together using the “half-wood” type of connection..
  3. Next we install the vertical beams.

  1. From above we connect all the racks together, thus forming the upper frame.
  2. We sheathe the resulting “skeleton” with timber 100 by 100 mm.

Step 4: roofing

A gable roof is best suited for your project, it has an aesthetic appearance and provides excellent protection from precipitation. To create rafters we use beams with a section of 100 by 50 mm. On top we cover the structure with 150 by 25 mm boards and roofing felt sheets.

Step 5: interior decoration

A do-it-yourself frame garden house will not be completed without interior work:

  1. Floor:

  1. We cover the ceiling and walls with clapboard. At the same time, you can also make additional insulation if you plan to come to the dacha in winter.

The final stage is the installation of the necessary communications and... After this, you can safely invite guests to celebrate the completion of construction work.

Conclusion

The presence of a garden house on a country plot allows you to use it for temporary or even permanent residence, full-fledged reception of guests, and storage of household supplies. It will also serve as a base room for builders in the event of a large cottage being built.

And the most important thing is that you can build it on your own without the involvement of specialists, the main thing is to be patient, attentive and follow the above recommendations. The video in this article will provide you with additional information. Good luck with the installation work!